低速压气机静叶非定常Clocking效应数值模拟

采用三维粘性非定常数值模拟方法研究了重复级低速压气机内部非定常流动,其中包括静叶Clocking(时序)效应以及尾迹-边界层、尾迹-尾迹和尾迹-泄漏流的相互作用.对静叶时序效应的结果分析显示,当两级静叶相对周向位置改变时最大效率变化只有0.1%,表明低速压气机中静叶时序效应不明显.另外,非定常结果流动图画显示,在非定常环境下上游周期性尾迹的通过对下游叶片边界层、尾迹以及叶尖泄漏流的发展都有一定影响.     

高负荷缝隙弯曲扩压叶栅尾迹特性实验

实验研究了设计冲角下压气机采用带切向缝隙大转角弯曲叶片对叶栅出口尾迹特性的影响,结果表明,切向缝隙射流能够有效地改善高负荷扩压叶栅的尾迹低速、低总压特性,减少尾迹高熵流体的加入以及尾迹亏损,从而降低了栅后总损失。     

低速压气机不同静叶弯角对流动特性影响的数值模拟

本文采用全三维粘性数值模拟方法研究了重复级低速压气机不同静叶弯角对流动特性的影响。计算结果表明,静叶弯曲能有效地控制静叶端壁区二次流动,降低端壁区流动损失,特别是有间隙的根部区流动。因此,静叶弯曲后改善了近失速点的流动,扩大了低速压气机的稳定工作范围。另一方面,静叶弯曲促使端壁区的低能流体向叶片中部迁移,使得叶片中部附近的损失增加,从而效率降低。叶片弯曲的同时叶片表面积增大,使得叶片表面摩擦损失增加。几方面原因导致静叶弯曲存在一个最佳角度,本文数值计算结果表明弯角为10°附近流动效率最高     

弯曲静子叶片对叶尖射流扩稳效果的影响

为了研究压气机弯曲静子叶片对叶尖射流扩稳效果的影响,在一台低速轴流压气机上,采用实验方法,对比分析了第1级静子叶片分别为弯曲叶片和直叶片时叶尖射流的扩稳效果以及压气机内部流场信息.结果表明:第1级静子叶片由直叶片改为弯曲叶片后,在压气机失速过程中,模态波主要集中在叶尖区域,而叶尖射流恰好是通过改善叶尖区域的流场来拓宽压气机的稳定工作范围的,所以第1级弯曲静子叶片使得叶尖射流的扩稳效果更加显著.      

小型轴流压气机静叶排出口尾迹流动特性

基于小型轴流压气机实验台,运用热线风速仪(HWA),对不同转速、流量工况下,静叶排出口尾迹流动特性进行实验研究。对同一工况下尾迹区时均速度及湍流度分布规律的研究表明：受前排动叶的影响,静叶排不同叶展截面处尾迹大小、尾迹中心位置存在着明显差异;沿展向叶根、叶尖附近湍流度明显高于主流区。同时,还对不同工况下静叶排尾迹区各统计参数的变化规律进行了研究,较为系统地总结出轴流压气机工况变化对静叶排出口尾迹大小、尾迹中心位置、尾迹区湍流强度以及雷诺应力大小的影响。     

单转子压气机出口三维流场紊流特性

单转子压气机设计状态出口叶尖通道中部、叶根吸力面角区和转子尾迹内具有较强的紊流脉动,泄漏涡是造成尖部气流掺混的主要因素。近失速状态通道内气流脉动明显增强,并沿周向和径向呈现出较大的梯度,叶尖通道中部的紊流强度分布证实了气流剧烈交混的发生,0.87 叶高和0.25 叶高吸力面附近的强紊流中心来源于叶背附面层分离形成的旋涡。在出口测量截面上紊流强度3 个分量的最大值,径向分量最大,轴向分量次之,切向分量最小。      

压气机直、弯静叶Clocking效应实验研究

实验研究静叶Clocking效应对采用直、弯静叶的某低速双级轴流压气机气动性能影响.结果表明,随Clocking位置不同,上游静叶尾迹被输运到下游叶列流道中不同周向位置并与该列叶栅不同区域流体掺混是导致压气机性能变化的主要原因,且采用弯曲静叶的压气机性能随Clocking位置不同而变化的幅度要小一些.静叶Clocking位置固定时,采用弯静叶时压气机效率比直静叶时明显提高,且随流量减小而趋势显著,设计工况和近喘振点处分别约提高0.7%、3.5%.针对本文研究的压气机,综合静叶造型和Clocking效应影响,采用弯曲静叶的压气机设计点处效率最高可提高1.22%,最低提高为0.07%.     

静叶时序对压气机叶片附面层流动影响的数值研究

采用数值方法对两级低速压气机中径处的非定常流场进行模拟,针对压气机第2排静叶两个典型周向位置对动静叶干扰下的叶片附面层流动进行研究.建立尾迹与附面层干扰分析模型,结合叶片壁面摩擦力和近壁面附面层湍动能,详细分析了尾迹和势流干扰下静叶时序改变对叶片附面层流动产生的影响.对第2排静叶附面层的研究结果表明:静叶时序改变了尾迹在其叶排中的输运特征,能够降低壁面摩擦力和近壁面湍动能及其非定常最大波动幅值,影响吸力面附面层内动叶尾迹后沉寂区的宽度.在非定常条件下,尾迹能够诱导静叶层流附面层在尾迹干扰的局部范围内转捩发展为湍流状态,同时高湍流度尾迹的干扰具有抑制逆压梯度下附面层分离的作用,并能够延长层流区的范围.     

高负荷压气机静叶根部叶型气动性能实验研究

为研究高负荷压气机静叶根部流动状态,抽取该静叶根部叶型并模化成为平面叶栅进行吹风实验,冲角变化范围为-6°~+6°、进口马赫数变化范围为0.5~0.7。对叶栅出口截面气动参数进行了详细的测量,结果表明:非正冲角时叶展中部节距平均总压损失系数小于等于0.036,尾迹宽度和总压损失峰值随马赫数变化均不明显,正冲角时尾迹宽度和总压损失峰值急剧增加;端壁处的压力梯度随马赫数和冲角的增加而增加;0°冲角下随马赫数的增大,出口叶展中部截面二次流动能系数增加,二次流动得到加强,高能量损失区域增大并且尾迹略有变宽。     

总压畸变对跨声速压气机静叶端区流场结构影响研究

为了进一步研究总压畸变对静叶流场结构的影响,分析影响静叶流动稳定性的因素,采用全流道非定常数值模拟方法,对两种畸变条件下的跨声速压气机流场进行求解,重点分析静叶根部和顶部附近流场参数变化情况,角区分离在各静叶流道内的发展过程,以及畸变深度对静叶流场结构的影响。研究表明,进口总压畸变引起静叶端壁角区分离,其流场结构因静叶流道相对畸变区位置不同而不同。38.2%深度畸变造成的静叶损失高于27.2%深度畸变,并且流道内流动更复杂,存在"扰动稳定区"并且有空间旋涡环生成。静叶角区分离的主要原因是畸变流体改变了进口气流角,从而使进口冲角周向分布不均匀。     

某任务计算机调试设备配套软件的设计与实现

简介了任务计算机调试设备配套软件在任务计算机仿真环境中的重要作用 ,对该软件设计方法和流程进行了详细的说明 ,主要介绍了VC ++6 .0环境下串行通信和显示控制软件的设计技术 ,并讨论了如何提高应用程序性能的途径。     

从科技论文的特点看科技论文的选题

本文论述了科技文的特点及选师原则。在特点方面主要就科技论文的科学性,创造性,理论性进行了阐述,在选题方面科技论文选题的客观需要与主条件进行阐述,旨在揭示科技论文的特点与课题选择之间的关系,从而了解其特点,并据此选题,写出符合要求的科技论文。     

Impact of a cavitation bubble on a wall

Impulse action of a cavitation bubble on a rigid wall is studied depending on the distance between them. We determine the distances at which the periphery pressure maximums on a wall are preserved as well as the distances at which these maximums exceed the water hammer pressure.     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

The intersection of a Loxodrome with a great circle

The intersections of a loxodrome (rhumb line) and a great circle are of interest for some navigational problems, but a closed-form solution cannot be formulated. An algorithm is given for computing approximations to any desired degree of accuracy using Newton's method. By using the equatorial angle φ as an independent variable all solutions can be found rapidly using the modest computational capabilities of a personal computer     

Effect of a transverse plasma jet on a shock wave induced by a ramp

We conducted experiments in a wind tunnel with Mach number 2 to explore the evolution of a transverse plasma jet and its modification effect on a shock wave induced by a ramp with an angle of 24°. The transverse plasma jet was created by arc discharge in a small cylindrical cavity with a 2 mm diameter orifice. Three group tests with different actuator arrangements in the spanwise or streamwise direction upstream from the ramp were respectively studied to compare their disturbances to the shock wave. As shown by a time-resolved schlieren system, an unsteady motion of the shock wave by actuation was found: the shock wave was significantly modified by the plasma jet with an upstream motion and a reduced angle. Compared to spanwise actuation, a more intensive impact was obtained with two or three streamwise actuators working together. From shock wave structures, the control effect of the plasma jet on the shock motion based on a thermal effect, a potential cause of shock modification, was discussed. Furthermore, we performed a numerical simulation by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES) method to simulate the evolution of the transverse plasma jet plume produced by two streamwise actuators. The results show that flow structures are similar to those identified in schlieren images. Two streamwise vortices were recognized, which indicates that the higher jet plume is the result of the overlap of two streamwise jets.     

Oscillations of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical container

The natural damped frequencies of a viscous liquid in a circular cylindrical container are obtained for slipping and anchored contact line at the container wall r = a. In addition the response to translational forced excitation has been determined. The results may also be applied to viscous liquid in a micro-gravity environment, as long as the contact angle of the liquid surface to the cylindrical container wall is in the vicinity of π/2, indicating, that the free liquid surface equilibrium position remains a plane surface. It could be found that there exists in contrast to frictionless liquid a small filling range, in which the liquid performs only an aperiodic motion. The adherence condition at the side wall was replaced by the somewhat weaker condition of an anchored contact line.     

Relativistic Energy-Momentum of a Body with a Finite Volume

The problem of energy-momentum in a body with a finite volume has been causing confusion in the theory of relativity, especially in relativistic thermodynamics. Its correct understanding has been given since the early years of relativity, however, erroneous misunderstandings are still found in papers and textbooks to this date. The present paper introduces a simple paradox to demonstrate the problem, and gives a brief review on a way to handle the energy-momentum correctly.     

某型弹用发动机火药吹转模拟试验

针对某型弹用发动机火药起动试验件起动试验要求,通过静态烟火试验数据确定火药起动模拟试验设备技术指标,在试验台上进行了高压冷吹和真实火药热吹起动试验,获取了两类试验下模拟转子的起动特性.试验结果表明:通过静态烟火试验和高压冷吹测得不同压力下空气流量、转速数据可以拟合出相关关系式,通过关系式能够预估燃气发生器所用火药量在热吹试验中转子可能最大转速,最后通过0.8kg真实火药热吹试验获取的最高转速与换算压力状态下的冷吹最高转速仅相差116r/min,进一步验证了试验和预估方法的有效性和准确性,可以减少或取消不同装药量火药在模拟转子上的吹转试验,减低在发动机上的试验安全风险,为在发动机上的应用奠定基础.      

Three-dimensional model of a dispersed-film flow in a cylindrical channel

A mathematical model of the dispersed-film two-phase flow with phase slip in the vertical cylindrical channel is described.