基于SVPWM的高功率因数整流器研究

介绍了三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和空间矢量PWM(SVPWM)控制技术,并根据设计要求完成了主电路中相关参数的设计。实验发现,采用SVPWM电流控制技术能够使网侧电压与电流同相位,表明电压型PWM整流器实现了高功率因数整流。     

航空机电作动器的混合整流全状态反馈控制

研究了一种适用于多电飞机供电系统的新型混合整流电路,并针对航空机电作动器负载特殊的用电特性,提出了一种基于全状态反馈的混合整流控制方法,在保证整流效果的同时,解决了负载功率短时大范围变化引起的直流电压不稳定问题。这种新型混合整流电路将二极管整流电路和脉宽调制(PWM)整流电路并联输出接负载,两者共同承担有功功率且比例可控,通过适当控制PWM电路达到网侧低谐波的目的,且当负载制动时,能量可以回馈交流侧电网。建立了混合整流器的线性化全状态数学模型,设计了基于线性二次型(LQR)最优化理论的全状态反馈控制策略。通过在MATLAB/Simulink下的建模与仿真,比较了全状态反馈控制方法与传统三状态反馈控制方法,并在机电作动器样机上进行了实验验证。仿真和实验结果表明,采用全状态反馈控制的新型混合整流方案对于功率大范围变化负载具有更好的控制性能。     

一种新型交流恒功率负载仿真模型

根据闭环控制的高功率因数(HPF)脉冲宽度调制(PWM)整流器的恒功率工作特性,对交流(AC)恒功率负载(CPL)仿真模型进行了研究。采用输入电流波形跟随电压波形的方法,利用MATLAB建立了交流恒功率负载的仿真模型。在模型两端加载的电压不含谐波和含有谐波的两种情况下,模型均可以自动计算出输入电流有效值(RMS),使得模型输入平均功率保持恒定,并能生成电流波形,反映出电压谐波对电流波形的影响。模型仿真结果与实际高功率因数PWM整流器的输入波形进行了比较,验证了该模型的正确性。     

永磁驱动重构型车载充电机三相DC/DC变流器的研究

提出了一种新型永磁驱动重构型车载充电机三相DC/DC变流器集成系统。该集成系统将永磁驱动的电机绕组和DC/AC逆变器重构成车载充电机实现电动汽车驱动-充电的集成,具有空间利用率高、充电快速和可靠性高等特点。分析了集成系统的结构和工作原理,推导了充电系统的三相DC/DC变换器数学模型。在此基础上,利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件搭建了驱动-充电集成系统仿真模型,对同步脉宽调制(PWM)控制和交错PWM控制策略进行仿真研究,分析对比了交流侧电压电流、直流侧电机绕组电感电流和直流侧电压波形。仿真结果表明,与交错PWM控制策略相比,同步PWM控制策略下该新型结构充电系统具有更好的运行性能。     

三相电压型脉宽调制整流器定频模型预测控制

针对三相电压型脉宽调制(PWM)整流器有限控制集模型预测控制采样频率高、开关频率不固定的缺点,提出了一种定频模型预测控制方法。通过求解价值函数得到PWM整流器交流侧下一采样时刻所要输出的电压值,利用空间矢量脉宽调制技术输出计算得到的电压值,实现定频模型预测控制。仿真与试验结果表明:所提出的控制算法开关频率恒定,稳态电流谐波含量低,实现了整流器高功率因数运行。     

基于ANSYS电子束焊接高压电源倍压整流电路仿真设计

采用ANSYS对电子束焊接用高压电源的倍压整流电路进行仿真,结果表明采用全波倍压整流电路比常规倍压整流电路输出波形稳定性好,纹波系数小且电路所需的电容值小;进行输入波形振荡对输出波形影响性的分析,结果表明输入波形发生振荡会在一定程度上影响输出电压值。根据仿真结果设计了倍压整流电路并测试其输出波形,测试结果表明,所设计的电路满足要求。     

能量反馈型电子负载的研究

为了能量反馈型电子负载能够连续稳定运行,采用STM32单片机作为控制器,通过对系统分析,提出较为实用的控制模型。经过Simulink仿真,采用滞环算法和PID算法控制系统,可以得到满意的效果。实验结果表明:整流级的电流相位可以滞后或超前其电压相位任何角度,逆变级工作在功率因数是1的逆变状态,整个系统可以稳定连续运行。系统的控制模型正确,控制方案可行。     

一种新型井下架线电机车供电电源设计

提出了一种新型的基于单周期控制的单位功率因数整流器为井下电机车供电。该电源由维也纳整流级和高频隔离DC-DC变换级两级功率变换器级联构成,但控制电路采用一级协调控制。电路控制简单,不需要乘法器和输入电压检测就可以实现单位功率因数运行,且可以降低开关器件一半的电压应力。详细分析了新型整流电路的基本工作原理和双闭环控制策略,并通过仿真和试验对此新型电路拓扑及其相应控制策略的正确性进行了验证。     

一种改进的LCL并网逆变器控制方法的研究

LCL型滤波器相对于L型滤波器对交流侧电流中的高频谐波有更强的抑制能力,因此也越来越多地被用于逆变器中。研究了在独立工作模式和并网逆变模式间的切换过程中如何做到无扰动切换。在独立和并网逆变两种模式下分别对空载电压和并网电流直接控制。在对比传统电压电流控制情况下, 对电压电流控制进行改进。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台,建立了LCL型滤波的逆变器并网模型,仿真分析证明了可行性。     

测控雷达伺服系统整流电路的建模与仿真

电力电子整流电路是测控雷达伺服系统的重要组成部分。某型测控雷达采用了三相零式反并联可逆整流电路结构。分析了整流电路可逆运行的工作原理以及晶闸管触发电路的控制方式,利用MATLAB/Simulink的建模功能,建立了触发脉冲产生电路和整流电路的模型,仿真得出系统可逆运行时电机的工作状态以及整流电路输出电压波形。仿真结果显示,此整流电路可以实现电机的四象限运行,所建模型正确。利用该模型可以对测控雷达伺服系统的分析和设计起到很好的辅助作用。     

Single-phase power-factor-correction AC/DC converters with threePWM control schemes

Three pulse-width modulation (PWM) control schemes for a single-phase power-factor-correction (PFC) AC/DC converter are presented to improve the power quality. A diode bridge with two power switches is employed as a PFC circuit to achieve a high power factor and low line current harmonic distortion. The control schemes are based on look-up tables with hysteresis current controller (HCC) to generate two-level or three-level PWM on the DC side of diode rectifier. Based on the proposed three control schemes, the line current is driven to follow the sinusoidal current command which is in phase with the supply voltage, and two capacitor voltages on the DC bus are controlled to be balanced. The simulation and experimental results of a 1 kW converter with load as well as line voltage variation and shown to verify the proposed control schemes. It is shown that unity PFC is achieved using a simple control circuit and the measured line current harmonics satisfy the IEC 1000-3-2 requirements     

Novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two PWM control schemes

A novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two pulsewidth modulation (PWM) schemes is proposed to draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, achieve balanced neutral point voltage and regulate the DC bus voltage. With the aid of neutral point clamped scheme, a three-level voltage pattern is generated on the AC side of the proposed rectifier. To track the tine current command derived from a voltage controller and a phase-locked loop circuit, a hysteresis current control scheme is used in the inner loop control. A capacitor voltage compensator is employed to achieve the balanced neutral point voltage. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, the simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype circuit are performed.     

High power factor AC/DC/AC converter with random PWM

A three-phase AC/DC/AC converter is presented with a power factor preregulator to improve the power quality in the input side and a pseudorandom noise generator to reduce the emitted acoustic noise and the mechanical vibration for an induction motor drive. The space vector modulation with hysteresis current control for a voltage source rectifier is adopted to simplify the hardware circuit. A control scheme is presented to drive the supply current following the reference current. The amplitude of reference current for the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier is derived from the DC bus voltage regulator and the estimated output power. Random switching frequency technique for a three-phase PWM inverter system to reduce the annoying tonal noise and resonant vibration from an induction motor is described. By randomly varying the instantaneous PWM switching frequency from one cycle to the next, the frequency distribution of harmonics is spread in a wide frequency range. The major advantage for using such a strategy is the nonrepetitive output spectral characteristic that results in reduction of torque pulsations in motor drive systems. The nearly unity power factor at the three-phase rectifier and the absence of acoustic noise concentrated at the specific tones which is usually present with conventional sinusoidal modulation are verified by the experimental tests     

Control technique for high power factor multilevel rectifier

Three control techniques for a high power factor multilevel pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier are proposed. The proposed rectifier is based on series connection of full-bridge cell to achieve a high power factor, low current distortion, low voltage stress of power semiconductors and two balanced output voltages. The look-up table is used in the proposed control schemes to reduce the hardware circuit. A capacitor voltage compensator is used to balance two dc capacitor voltages in order to obtain high quality PWM voltage pattern. Based on the proposed control schemes, two-level or three-level PWM pattern can be generated on the ac side of the adopted rectifier. The proposed techniques for a high power factor multilevel rectifier illustrate its validity and effectiveness through the respective simulations and experiments. According to the measured results, the current harmonics drawn from the mains meet the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 1000-3-2 limits     

斩控式机场助航灯光恒流调光源的研制

提出了一种PWM斩控式机场助航灯恒流调光源设计方案。应用PWM控制的AC／AC降压变换器,对负载电压进行调节,从而获得高质量和稳定的正弦负载电流。1kVA样机实验结果表明,采用该方案所设计的恒流调光源在输入电压波动和负载变化时均可以实现稳定的正弦负载电流,能够满足民用机场行业标准中对助航灯恒流调光电源的技术要求。     

双零序分量注入的六相载波脉宽调制技术

针对常规六相正弦脉宽调制(PWM)算法直流电压利用率低的问题,研究了一种基于双零序信号注入的六相载波脉宽调制算法。该算法通过在正弦调制波中注入一定双零序分量来提高六相逆变器的控制性能。分析了该算法双零序分量变化范围以及直流电压利用率的提升原理,给出了3种具有不同输出特性的双零序注入方法。通过对均值零序注入法进行仿真可以看出,该算法能增大直流电压利用率,改善系统运行特性,验证了该PWM算法的有效性和可行性。     

集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统

为了消除高峰均功率比低频脉冲负载对有限容量机载交流供电系统的周期性冲击等不利影响,对开关器件进行集成和复用,提出了能够同时提供功率解耦端口和直流输出端口的三端口功率解耦整流器。通过将三端口整流器与DC/DC变换器组合,构造出集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统,实现了直流侧周期性脉动功率和交流源侧功率的解耦,并保证低频脉冲负载正常供电需求。详细分析了三端口整流器的工作原理,提出了与之相适应的功率控制方法和调制策略,基于开关器件分时复用原理,实现了交流端口到两个直流端口的功率传输和分配,并实现了两个直流端口功率切换过程的平滑过渡。实验结果验证了所提三端口脉冲功率解耦整流器的有效性和可行性。     

ZCS-PWM boost rectifier with high power factor and low conduction losses

A new single-phase high power factor rectifier is proposed, which features regulation by conventional pulsewidth modulation (PWM), soft commutation, and instantaneous average line current control. A new zero-current-switching PWM (ZCS-PWM) auxiliary circuit is configured in the presented ZCS-PWM rectifier to perform ZCS in the switches and zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) in the diodes. Furthermore, soft commutation of the main switch is achieved without additional current stress by the presented ZCS-PWM auxiliary circuit. A significant reduction in the conduction losses is achieved, since the circulating current for the soft switching flows only through the auxiliary circuit and a minimum number of switching devices are involved in the circulating current path and the proposed rectifier uses a single converter instead of the conventional configuration composed of a four-diode front-end rectifier followed by a boost converter. Seven transition states for describing the behavior of the ZCS-PWM rectifier in one switching period are described. The PWM switch model is used to predict the system performance. A prototype rated at 1 kW, operating 60 kHz, with an input ac voltage of 220 V/sub rms/ and an output voltage 400 V/sub dc/ has been implemented in laboratory. An efficiency of 97.2% and power factor near 0.99 has been measured. The analysis and design of the control circuitry are also presented.