微型反作用飞轮技术

针对微小卫星姿控系统对微型飞轮的需求,设计了一种微小型、长寿命的飞轮.给出了微型飞轮的总体组成.控制电路采用数字量控制一体化设计,电机转子和轮体一体化设计,控制软件实现对飞轮两种工作模式四种工作状态的控制.介绍了轴承组件的润滑系统、预载荷设计和寿命预测,电机组成及特性、定子和转子,控制电路的微控制单元、电动驱动单元、电机电流采样反馈单元、飞轮温度采样处理单元、RS485通信接口电路及其电路元器件选用,飞轮控制软件需求、任务流程和运行模式等关键技术.地面和环境模拟试验考核表明:微型飞轮设计正确,各项性能指标满足微小卫星姿控系统要求.     

发动机地面试验摇摆测控系统设计与实现

某型号液体火箭发动机地面试验时需要进行双向摇摆,本项目设计了一套测控系统与配套的伺服机构控制器进行对接,完成伺服机构驱动控制、数字和模拟量参数测量、摇摆指令文件编制、试验数据分析、能源动力供给等功能.该系统基于1553B总线,使用冗余总线结构保证数据传输可靠性,与伺服机构控制器对接后进行地面联试和热试车考验.结果证明研制的测控系统各项功能、指标满足试车任务要求.     

电动伺服机构微机检测系统

介绍了电动伺服机构微机检测系统的组成、工作特点和性能指标，重点叙述该系统的测试程序和工作过程，进行了误差分析，并给出了误差计算公式。应用该系统的计算机辅助测试电动伺服机构的技术性能，可提高其测试精度和效率，实现了测试自动化。     

基于伺服机构饱和抑制的模糊滑模控制方法

以高超声速飞行器为研究对象,设计了一种模糊变增益滑模姿态控制器。在控制器的设计中,应用动态逆方法对控制对象的俯仰、偏航和滚转通道进行解耦处理。通过滑模变结构控制方法保证被控系统的鲁棒特性。为了抑制伺服机构饱和,基于专家控制经验设计了滑模控制器增益模糊控制规则。通过仿真验证,证明了本文设计的控制方法在高超声速飞行器姿态控制和伺服机构饱和抑制两方面的有效性。     

基于桥接模式的双网络重复使用运载器控制系统冗余技术

根据重复使用运载器因面临恶劣电磁环境而对控制系统提出的可重用、高可靠性要求,提出了一种基于桥接控制器的四余度1773A光纤总线双网络冗余控制系统方案。该方案在实时性、数据处理、缓解信息拥塞、电磁兼容性等方面具有较好的优势,控制系统实现了集控制、传感、通信、网络、故障诊断与容错处理于一体的功能。通过对计算机、综合控制器、伺服机构等关键部组件及系统级总线进行冗余设计,提高了系统的可靠性。     

一种用于高频频率合成器的低功耗可编程分频器

介绍一种应用于高频频率合成器的低功耗可编程分频器。分频器由双模前置分频器及数字可编程分频器构成。提出一种新的相位开关技术,并基于此技术设计了16/17双模前置分频器,模块结构简单,可工作于吉赫兹频段。数字部分采用一种优化算法,使得其输出模式控制信号可直接控制双模前置分频器的分频比,简化了整体电路结构,提高了电路工作速度。设计基于SMIC0.18μm1P6M RF CMOS工艺实现,后仿真结果表明,电路工作频率最高可达3GHz,在1.8V供电电压、1.4GHz工作频率时,双模前置分频器的功耗仅为1.8mW。     

飞行容错控制系统中的关键技术

在航空航天飞行器设计中，随着主动控制技术、随控布局及电传操纵系统的普遍采用，飞行控制系统的地位变得更为重要。系统容错、冗余技术是为飞行控制系统的高可靠性要求而被提出来的。本文就飞行控制系统的三大组成部分（飞控计算机、伺服机构、传感器）中容错、冗余技术应用的一系列关键问题进行了探讨，提出了飞控系统的冗余配置方案，一种解决冗余系统同步问题的新方法、消除系统交联隅合的措施以及冗余系统中各通道间信息传输的     

“三化”设计在机电作动器中的应用

具有高可靠、轻小型、低成本、免维护的电动伺服机构是武器装备发展的趋势,机电作动器作为电动伺服机构中最重要的单机设备,承担着位移执行机构的使命。针对机电作动器的特点以及"三化"设计的重要性与必要性,制定机电作动器的"三化"设计方案并实施,达到缩短产品研制周期、降低研制费用,提高综合效能的目的。     

单轴转台位置随动系统设计

介绍了一种位置随动系统设计的实例，该系统采用力电机作为执行机构，用惯性组合作为速度检测和位置检测元件，功放电路采用晶体管推挽工作方式，速度环采用滞后较正，位置环采用前馈补偿，使得转台位置随动系统的通频带达到８Ｈｚ。     

基于反馈线性化和变结构控制的速度饱和伺服系统设计

在大姿态角飞行条件下火箭的伺服机构速度饱和非线性特性相当突出，对火箭姿态控制系统稳定性影响很大，利用小扰动理论对其分析起来比较困难。本文采用输入/输出线性化方法对伺服机构的速度饱和数学模型进行了精确线性化，并在此基础上对线性化系统进行了变结构控制设计，得到了具有鲁棒性的非线性伺服系统控制器。最后，通过数字仿真实例验证了所述方法的有效性。     

Stability and control of flexible satellites—II control

This is the second part of the investigation, the first part being “stability”. It is demonstrated that by monitoring the deformations of the flexible elements of a satellite, the effectiveness of the satellite control system can be increased considerably with the same given control system. A simple model of a flexible satellite was analyzed in the first part of this work. The same model is used here for digital computer simulations.     

Tether-platform coupled control

From the control point of view, tethered systems pose several challenges, the major one pertaining to the regulation of the unstable system dynamics during the retrieval phase. On the other hand, the system configuration permits design of controllers using length rate, tension and offset schemes, which are not feasible with other satellites. Here “offset” refers to the time dependent variation of the tether attachment point at the platform end. The present paper studies several applications of the offset scheme in controlling the tethered systems. To that end, planar equations of motion of a space platform based Tethered Satellite System (TSS) are derived by the Lagrangian procedure. This is followed by representative results aimed at the offset control of platform pitch, tether attitude and vibration motions. The offset scheme is used for simultaneous control of platform and tether pitch motion. Finally the attention is directed towards simultaneous regulation of the platform pitch and longitudinal tether vibration. The numerical results clearly show considerable promise for the offset control scheme in regulating tether, platform and combined tether-platform dynamics.     

Multi-objective output-feedback control for microsatellite attitude control: An LMI approach

Mixed H₂/H_∞ output-feedback controller with pole placement constraints against the internal uncertainty of moment-of-inertia variation and space environmental disturbances is proposed for mircosatellite attitude control. The multi-objective controller is designed based on linear model of attitude dynamics. The H_∞ performance takes into account both robustness stability against moments-of-inertia uncertainty and the disturbance rejection aspect. H₂ performance takes into account the LQG aspect which avoids the undesirable wheels’ saturation effect. In addition, the closed-loop poles can be forced into some sector of the stable half-plane to obtain well-damped transient responses. The problem is then reduced to a convex optimization involving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), so it can be efficiently solved. The simulation results demonstrate that the presented mixed H₂/H_∞ control system is robust stable and optimal in the sense of H₂ norm, and has good steady-state and dynamic performances against the parameter uncertainties and various disturbances for the microsatellite attitude control system.     

载人航天器热控分系统噪声控制

随着载人航天器越来越复杂,热控分系统所用到的高速旋转设备越来越多,所产生的噪声将影响航天员的身体健康,因此载人航天器的噪声控制非常迫切。文章通过热控分系统的布局设计以及单机设备的降噪优化等措施,找到了有效降低整个载人航天器热控分系统噪声水平的方法,可供类似的载人航天项目的热控设计参考。     

基于滑模反演控制方法的纵向制导控制一体化设计

针对高速机动目标的末端拦截问题,研究了拦截弹的制导控制一体化设计算法。首先建立了纵向通道的制导控制一体化模型,利用非线性状态变换将其转换为易于控制算法设计的标准形式,并将目标机动干扰从不确定项中分离出来。然后考虑系统的非匹配不确定性,将滑模控制与反演控制相结合,设计了拦截弹的一体化控制算法。仿真结果验证了所设计算法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

采用平行构型变速控制力矩陀螺群的航天器姿态控制

研究了平行构型变速控制力矩陀螺群的控制律及其在航天器姿态控制中的应用。首先建立了以变速控制力矩陀螺为执行机构的航天器姿态动力学模型，并给出了全局渐近稳定的姿态反馈控制律。将每一对框架平行的陀螺作为独立的单元控制，引入了与控制力矩陀螺的框架运动相关的动坐标系，在此基础上给出了控制力矩陀螺的一种控制律。此控制律使陀螺群在奇异状态下仍具有可控性，并且力矩误差在动坐标系的某一方向始终为零，从而利用共轴的构型特点和陀螺转子的可变速性补偿控制力矩陀螺的力矩误差，使变速控制力矩陀螺群的输出力矩与期望的力矩相等。最后以双平行构型为例，对航天器的姿态稳定控制进行了数值仿真，并给出了一种控制力矩的分配方案。仿真结果证明了控制律算法的有效性。     

Pointing control of spacecraft using two SGCMGs via LPV control theory

In this paper, we consider a pointing control of a spacecraft using two single-gimbal control moment gyros (SGCMGs). Our pointing control problem is to make the line-of-sight of a camera or an antenna that is fixed on a body axis aim along a desired direction. To solve this problem, we first state the control objective for the pointing control through the angular momentum conservation principle. Then, we develop a gain-scheduled (GS) controller via linear parameter-varying (LPV) control theory. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control method is shown by a numerical simulation.     

质量矩复合控制拦截器一体化制导控制方法

在建立质量矩复合控制拦截器制导控制一体化数学模型的基础上,利用微分几何策略对一体化制导控制系统进行了设计,给出了发动机期望控制力矩和滑块期望位置指令,并采用极点配置方法对反馈控制系数进行了设计。为保证系统具有能控性,对滑块质量和发动机稳态推力参数进行了设计。仿真结果表明,该方法能实现拦截器末段的制导控制,同时能降低对滑块执行机构的功率要求。     

High order optimal feedback control of space trajectories with bounded control

Optimal feedback control is classically based on linear approximations, whose accuracy drops off rapidly in highly nonlinear dynamics. Several nonlinear optimal feedback control strategies have appeared in recent years. Among them, differential algebraic techniques have been used to tackle nonlinearities by expanding the solution of the optimal control problem about a reference trajectory and reducing the computation of optimal feedback control laws to the evaluation of high order polynomials. However, the resulting high order method could not handle control saturation constraints, which remain a critical facet of nonlinear optimal feedback control. This work introduces the management of saturating actuators in the differential algebraic method. More specifically, the constraints are included in the optimal control problem formulation and differential algebra is used to expand the associated optimal bang–bang solution with respect to the initial and terminal conditions. Optimal feedback control laws for thrust direction and switching times are again computed by evaluating the resulting polynomials. Illustrative applications are presented in the frame of the optimal low-thrust transfer to asteroid 1996 FG₃.