飞机保障性

本文简述飞机保障性的重要性,探讨飞机保障性的内涵和实现途径,并介绍一些新的飞机保障性设计方法。按照武器系统保障性的定义,飞机保障性指的是飞机本身的可靠性、维修性、机内自保障能力和飞机的保障分系统保障能力的综合。保障性通过综合保障工程即综合后勤保障而实现。综合保障工程的主要任务是从使用保障的角度来影响飞机本身保障性的设计,包括提出保障性有关要求和保证其实现,以及按飞机设计所导出的使用保障要求来作飞机保障分系统的总体设计和采办。其主要工作是制订维修方案和进行保障性分析,即后勤保障分析。     

A ground and obstacle collision avoidance technique (GOCAT)

The need to provide aircrew with a timely warning of a dangerously close approach to the terrain is discussed, along with the benefits this capability is expected to provide and specific requirements that it must fulfil. The ground proximity warning techniques that are available are reviewed, and their benefits and limitations are assessed. The GEC Avionics Ground and Obstacle Collision Avoidance Technique (GOCAT) is described. The particular advantages of the GOCAT approach are identified. Because GOCAT uses a database of the terrain and obstacles around the aircraft it has a very low nuisance alarm rate but will always generate a warning when the aircraft is in a dangerous situation. Issues of parameter selection, search area definition and system limitations are examined. The results of a GOCAT simulation are presented. The system performance parameters are discussed, and database requirements are reviewed. The characteristics of a practical implementation for both civil and military applications are briefly stated     

用于飞机概念设计的设计要求输入和初步定参数环境

为了在飞机概念设计过程中给新型号的设计要求组织和基本参数估算提供便捷且可扩展的工具而开发了设计要求与初步定参数环境(EDRIPS)。在这一环境中，设计可以通过友好的用户界面交互地输入飞机的性能要求、构造任务剖面和选取有效载荷，然后以此为基础从约束分析所得的可行域中选取设计点，进而利用一种改进的估算飞机起飞重量的方法进行任务分析以得到飞机的基本设计参数。介绍了各模块的实现措施和所采用的方法。最后通过对一个设计实例的分析验证了EDRIPS应用于飞机概念设计的有效性和可靠性。     

飞机机载维护系统的设计考虑

飞机机载维护系统的主要目标是支持客户要求的飞机检修,以达到最小的维修成本和操作成本,达到最大的操作可靠性,因此在飞机设计中需要考虑如何设计机载维护系统。从机载维护系统的设计理念、系统安全与维护、飞机机载维护系统(OMS)故障处理、系统接口、维护处理、人机接口进行了探讨,希望能让读者更好地了解飞机机载维护系统,扩展设计思路,设计更好的机载维护系统。     

攻击机编队的对地攻击作战效能分析

以美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会(WSEIAC)提出的模型为基本框架,分析了攻击机作战效能性能指标,建立了攻击机编队攻击地面目标的战场想定,从实战角度提出了攻击机对地攻击的WSEIAC模型及模型参数的确定方法,给出了效能评估的基本过程并进行了应用实例分析,为对地攻击飞机武器系统作战效能分析与综合打下了基础。     

基于AFDX的特种飞机任务电子系统总线应用研究

随着航空电子系统综合化程度的不断提高,对数据总线的通信能力提出了更高的要求,此需求对于具备较高信息收集能力的特种飞机任务电子系统来说尤为突出.本文提出了一种基于航空全双工交换式以太网(AFDX)的特种飞机任务电子系统构建思路,并对其进行了分析与验证.     

Integrated Avionics: Watershed in Systems Development

For aeronautical weapon systems now entering development, avionics will equal or surpass airframe, propulsion, and weapons in establishing system effectiveness, both in terms of mission accomplishment and in terms of reliability, availability, supportability, and life cycle cost. Emerging technologies created the opportunity to satisfy demanding operational needs and to provide the means to upgrade systems against an evolving threat. This requires, however, basic changes in the skills, design methods, and constraints applied to avionics development. This paper highlights trends in avionics technology and systems and suggests some of the new ground rules which must be imposed to realize their full potential. Avionics considerations must be a central element of system development from the very outset, and the process of conceptual planning and program estimation must take the new realities of avionics into account.     

Process of establishing design requirements and selecting alternative configurations for conceptual design of a VLA

In this study, a process for establishing design requirements and selecting alternative con-figurations for the conceptual phase of aircraft design has been proposed. The proposed process uses system-engineering-based requirement-analysis techniques such as objective tree, analytic hier-archy process, and quality function deployment to establish logical and quantitative standards. Moreover, in order to perform a logical selection of alternative aircraft configurations, it uses advanced decision-making methods such as morphological matrix and technique for order prefer-ence by similarity to the ideal solution. In addition, a preliminary sizing tool has been developed to check the feasibility of the established performance requirements and to evaluate the flight perfor-mance of the selected configurations. The present process has been applied for a two-seater very light aircraft (VLA), resulting in a set of tentative design requirements and two families of VLA configurations: a high-wing configuration and a low-wing configuration. The resulting set of design requirements consists of three categories: customer requirements, certification requirements, and performance requirements. The performance requirements include two mission requirements for the flight range and the endurance by reflecting the customer requirements. The flight performances of the two configuration families were evaluated using the sizing tool developed and the low-wing configuration with conventional tails was selected as the best baseline configuration for the VLA.     

飞机/悬挂物通用化开放体系结构研究

飞机/悬挂物接口标准对飞机加挂新的武器具有重要意义.针对目前机载悬挂物管理系统仍需驾驶员进行过多地干预、不能适用于未来高性能飞机的问题,本文提出了开放自主式机载悬挂物管理系统概念.首先介绍了Mil -Std -1760标准,讨论了Mil -Std -1760标准存在的不足.其次,详细阐述了通用化武器的主要内容,提出了一种互用的通用化武器体系结构,并设计了软件的模块化平台.最后,归纳了通用化武器系统的研究方向.     

Integrated Diagnostics: The Navy Perspective

As part of the DOD Logistics Research and Development Program, the Navy is embarking on the development of an Integrated Diagnostics Support System. This System is composed of a number of diagnostic design tools, which are aimed at automating the diagnostic design process. When completed, the tools will be utilized in a comprehensive integrated diagnostic demonstration project applied to a Naval weapon system. The last three years have been characterized by increasing attention given to the definition, implementation, and evaluation of integrated diagnostics concepts. Integrated diagnostics is a structured process which maximizes the effectiveness of diagnostics by integrating pertinent elements, such as testability, automatic and manual testing, training, maintenance aiding, personnel and computer-aided engineering as a means for providing a cost-effective capability to detect and unambiguously isolate all faults known or expected to occur in weapon systems and equipment, and to satisfy weapon system mission requirements.     

民用飞机IMA系统研制保证等级分配的研究

当今的民用飞机普遍使用综合模块化航电(IMA)系统,使飞机上出现了大量的相似设计和资源共享的情况,这为控制研制过程中引入的差错带来了许多挑战.以适航取证为目标,为将研制差错控制在可接受范围内,按照ARP-4754A提供的指导原则,对民用飞机综合模块化航电系统的研制保证等级分配方法和过程进行了分析,得到了适用于民用飞机综合模块化航电系统研制保证等级分配的3点指导原则.为使用综合模块化航电系统的民用飞机的研制差错控制提供了有价值的指导和经验,也为综合模块化航电系统平台的研制提供了有益参考.     

导弹武器系统效能评估的扩展ADC模型

根据导弹武器系统的作战任务过程,对美国武器系统效能工业咨询委员会(WSEIAC)提出的 ADC 模型加以扩展,使扩展后的效能评估模型能够分析导弹武器系统在任务过程不同时刻所需的不同能力,及遭受敌方硬火力杀伤后状态的改变对能力的影响。     

基于VegaPrime和OpenGL的武器观瞄系统的仿真

为直观准确地设计飞行器的武器观瞄系统,采用可视化工具VegaPrime和开放图形库OpenGL进行仿真试验。仿真结合坐标变换,建立攻击目标识的流程。仿真结果证明,系统不仅可视化效果形象逼真,而且具有开发周期短的优点。     

简论飞机生存力的设计

生存力是指飞机在人为敌对环境中躲避、承受敌方武器威胁的能力。它是衡量飞机作战效能的最重要的指标。本文从生存力的构成、生存力提高的方法、生存力提高的设计原则．以及生存力设计的实施和评估几个方面对飞机生存力设计作了简要的论述。     

作战飞机总体设计评价准则和评估方法研究

 空中力量是高技术局部战争取胜的决定性因素,作战飞机是空军最关键的武器装备。基于现代武器装备的作战能力、可靠性、维修性、保障性、安全性、生存力、适应性等性能标准和作战飞机的寿命周期费用,考虑用户要求和工程设计专家意见,建立了作战飞机总体设计的综合评价准则。给出了评价准则的计算公式和作战飞机总体设计的评估方法。     

机群编队对地攻击飞机武器系统作战模型研究

从机群编队对地攻击飞机武器系统作战顶层人手，建立了同类型机群及混合机群对地攻击飞机武器系统编队作战行动模型，给出了总体效能指标与飞机武器系统飞行阶段的效能指标关系，并进行了综合优化分析，为对地攻击飞机武器系统作战效能分析与综合打下了基础。     

航空武器系统作战效能分析

以美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会 (WSEIAC)提出的模型为基本框架 ,在分析了航空武器系统的作战性能指标的基础上 ,建立了航空武器系统作战效能评价方法的数学模型。     

一种面向飞机族的结构优化方法

 飞机族是一组共享通用部件或子系统的、但性能或使用要求不同的相关飞机产品的集合。针对通用模块化飞机族结构优化问题,提出一种基于代理模型的二级优化方法。该方法将结构优化分为两个层次：通用模块结构优化层次和专用模块结构优化层次。这种方法不但流程简单,且各层次的设计变量和约束较少,并且专用模块优化层次之间具有独立性,易于实现并行设计。以某支线客机族的机翼结构优化问题为例,首先阐述飞机族结构优化模型,然后应用本文提出的二级优化方法求解支线客机族的机翼结构优化问题。优化结果表明该方法能成功解决飞机族的结构优化设计问题,能同时优化飞机族中各型号的结构参数。     

任务规划系统机动模型与航线设计

航空兵任务规划系统中飞机空对地攻击航线解算的准确性、航线生成质量和航线解算速度是衡量任务规划系统能力的重要指标。飞机空对地攻击航线设计是飞机航线规划中典型的多约束复杂机动,其在设计与使用过程中受到来自时间、空间及飞机本体的多维约束,对飞行动力学建模与航迹优化提出了较高的要求。本文利用面向对象的思想对飞机无侧滑动力学模型...     

Admission Control of VL in AFDX Under HRT Constraints

Avionics full duplex switched ethernet(AFDX) is a switched interconnection technology developed to provide reliable data exchange with strong data transmission time guarantees in internal communication of the spacecraft or aircraft.Virtual link(VL) is an important concept of AFDX to meet quality of service(QoS) requirements in terms of end-to-end message deadlines.A VL admission control algorithm in AFDX network under hard real-time(HRT) constraints is studied.Based on the scheduling prin-ciple of AFDX prot...