C／SiC复合材料与Nb的液相渗透连接

研究了不同编织方法的C/SiC复合材料与金属Nb的连接情况。采用液相渗透连接方法以Ni基连接剂为中间层在1300℃、保温时间45min、压力20MPa、真空条件下分别对二维、三维C/SiC复合材料与金属Nb进行了连接。结果表明二维C/SiC复合材料与金属Nb不能得到较好的连接,整个连接件在由连接温度降温到室温过程中已发生脱离现象;而三维C/SiC复合材料与Nb金属连接良好。     

冲压发动机针刺C/SiC喷管的烧蚀行为研究

为探索C/SiC喷管在固液冲压发动机上应用的可行性以及固液冲压发动机工作环境下的烧蚀行为,对冲压发动机针刺C/SiC复合材料喷管进行了研究.研究结果表明:针刺C/SiC复合材料喷管能够适应冲压发动机富氧、长时间的工作环境;C/SiC复合材料喷管入口段和扩张段存在轻微的氧化,喉部以热化学烧蚀为主,收敛段以热化学烧蚀和热机械侵蚀为主;收敛段为整个喷管的薄弱环节,应根据不同的工作条件和烧蚀机理,对C/SiC喷管的厚度进行分别设计.     

冲压发动机C/SiC喷管沉积特性研究

为了探索冲压发动机C/SiC复合材料喷管的沉积特性,从C/SiC喷管不同的型面结构、不同试验状态以及不同的燃烧室状态等方面进行了研究。研究表明:C/SiC复合材料喷管的型面结构对喷管固体颗粒的沉积影响较小,可以忽略;试验状态和燃烧室状态对C/SiC复合材料喷管固体颗粒的沉积影响较大,喷管不容易产生沉积;在高空状态、复合材料燃烧室状态下,喷管扩张段容易产生沉积,且当扩张段欠膨胀时,加剧沉积。      

冲压发动机C/SiC喷管承压失效研究

新型三维编织碳/碳化硅复合材料存在较强的各向异性,而各个方向的性能数据积累不足,复合材料的强度计算方法尚不完善,为了发现新型三维编织碳/碳化硅复合材料在冲压发动机喷管中应用可能遇到的问题,并找到相应地解决措施,开展了这种复合材料应用于冲压发动机喷管的承压强度计算和承压实验研究.对承压实验中出现的低压破坏情况进行了分析,分析了低压破裂的原因,提出了改进措施.分析结果表明:C/SiC喷管喉部密度较低,导致强度较低,承载能力下降,是首次强度验证实验过程中该局部破坏的原因;为提高喷管强度,需要通过其形状设计并控制沉积流场,保证其喉部的沉积密度达到1.9g/cm3以上.对改进后的喷管进行了实验验证,实验结果与计算结果基本一致,满足要求.因此,在实际应用中应对喷管喉部和纵向密度的分布进行工业CT无损检测,确保喷管密度的分布均匀.     

氢氧发动机C/SiC复合材料喷管延伸段设计研究

为推动C/SiC复合材料在液体火箭发动机喷管延伸段上的应用,基于国内C/SiC复合材料抗氧化烧蚀性能及预制体成型方案,综合考虑燃气热环境、喷管效率以及结构稳定性,对喷管结构进行了详细优化设计,设计的C/SiC喷管壁厚最薄处仅1.5 mm,结构质量仅为18 kg,相比螺旋管束式排放冷却喷管减重约55%。模态仿真结果表明:设计生产的C/SiC喷管,一阶模态频率为26.941 Hz;材料弹性模量对喷管模态频率影响较大;通过大端增厚对提升喷管模态频率效果有限,必要时可对大端出口翻边,提高其动力学稳定性。     

Cf/SiC的制备及连接性、抗氧化性研究

论述了Cf/SiC常用的制备工艺和钽、铌及其合金在SiC陶瓷、Cf/SiC连接方面的应用,铱在C/C、石墨抗氧化方面的应用。指出了难熔金属在陶瓷基复合材料上应用存在的问题,提出了解决的方法,展望了难熔金属在陶瓷基复合材料上应用的发展方向。     

难熔金属在陶瓷基复合材料上的应用

论述了钽、铌及其合金在SiC陶瓷、Cf /SiC复合材料连接方面的应用,铱在C/C复合材料、石墨抗氧化方面的应用。指出了难熔金属在陶瓷基复合材料应用上存在的问题,并提出了解决问题的方法。     

难熔金属化合物掺杂对先驱体转化2D C/SiC复合材料抗氧化性能影响

提出在2D C/SiC复合材料基体中掺杂难熔金属化合物ZrB2,TaC,ZrC,制备了2D C/SiC-ZrB2,2D C/SiC-ZrC和2D C/SiC-TaC新型复合材料,考察了难熔金属化合物的引入对材料力学性能、抗氧化性能和微观结构的影响.结果表明,ZrB2和TaC的引入,能明显提高2DC/SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能;ZrC的引入对2D C/SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能极其不利.这归结于高温下ZrB2和TaC有助于在复合材料表层氧化形成ZrO2,B2O3和Ta2O5保护膜,阻止了材料内部的进一步氧化,从而提高了复合材料的抗氧化性能.     

工业CT检测技术在5 kN发动机研制中的应用

针对5 kN发动机结构焊缝和复合材料喷管不可检不可测的难题,开展了工业CT检测技术研究。分析了复杂结构焊缝和复合材料喷管的常规方法检测难点,利用工业CT检测技术穿透能力强、不受工件复杂结构影响的优势,对5 kN发动机产品中的电子束焊缝、氩弧焊焊缝、复合材料喷管等结构进行了检测试验,得到了良好的检测效果。结果表明,工业CT检测技术可以识别5 kN发动机产品中的气孔、未焊透、分层、裂纹等缺陷,并实现对缺陷的定位与测量,可为焊缝质量评估提供依据。     

C/SiC复合材料微结构的显微CT表征分析

利用显微CT表征了采用化学气相渗透法(CVI)制备的3D C/SiC复合材料的三维结构,评价了显微CT的微结构表征能力.结果表明:显微CT能够有效地分辨C/SiC复合材料的织构形貌、材料内部缺陷(孔隙和SiC基体密度差异).通过重构孔隙的三维结构,揭示了CVI过程预制体内部存在沉积气体滞留;通过重构孔隙壁的形貌,揭示了...     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

基于H∞性能指标的质量矩拦截弹鲁棒控制

 以所建立的质量矩拦截弹数学模型为基础，利用微分几何的反馈线性化理论，得到一个解耦线性系统，考虑到拦截弹的鲁棒性要求和3个滑块的协调控制问题，提出采用双回路的设计方法，内回路采用线性二次调节器（LQR），外回路采用考虑混合灵敏度问题的H_∞控制设计。仿真结果证明了该方法动态性能满足设计要求，同时对系统参数的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性。     

航天器返回地球的气动特性综述

航天器返回地球的飞行过程中,气动特性是实现将宇宙飞行速度减到落地前速度、保证再入飞行得到有效控制以及再入防热安全可靠的关键因素。针对简单旋成体气动外形、半弹道式再入控制、烧蚀防热类返回航天器,综述了返回地球过程中变化的空气流域特性、航天器周围的气体绕流环境、空气与航天器作用产生的动力学与热效应等。系统地给出了该类航天器的再入气动特性参数与飞行性能的共性规律,包括:气动阻力与再入减速、气动升力与再入轨迹控制、配平攻角与飞行稳定性、气动加热与防热,以及再入过程中不同气动特性航天器、气象条件变化等对再入飞行性能的影响规律。为航天器开展返回飞行过程的跨流域气动性能工程研制提供设计参考。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.