基于衍射光栅的光纤光栅传感器解调系统研究

研究并实现了一种基于双衍射光栅的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器解调系统。该解调系统的光路由准直镜、衍射光栅、柱面反射镜和光电探测器等器件组成。通过准直镜后不同波长的平行光束经过衍射光栅后在空间展开,通过柱面反射镜聚焦在光电探测器成像面上。该光路通过采用两块衍射光栅的方法在减小解调系统尺寸的同时提高光学空间分辨力,采用线阵探测器替代扫描机构从而简化系统结构。从理论上分析了光束经过该系统后的空间光强分布,根据光强的高斯分布采用多项式拟合的方法实现了反射光谱峰值定位算法。通过与高精度光谱仪的测量结果对比表明,该解调方法具有较高的波长解调精度和稳定性。     

雷尼绍新型在线测量产品

雷尼绍是计量领域享有盛誉的领先者,提供高性能、具有卓越性价比的计量方案,旨在提高生产力.雷尼绍专门生产精密测量仪器包括坐标测量机用测头、数控机床用测头、精度校准用激光干涉仪及附件、动态校准设备、模具制造用高速激光扫描机、直线光栅及圆光栅、直线磁栅、圆磁栅、激光尺、牙科CAD/CAM以及激光拉曼光谱仪等科学测试仪器.     

振幅矢量法与半波带法分析光栅衍射的比较

结合教学实际情况，为了在有限的学时内使学生能较好地理解光栅衍射条纹分布特点，通过振幅矢量法与半波带法分析光栅衍射的比较，提出用半波带法分析光栅衍射是可行的简化方法。因为在学习光栅衍射之前学生已学习了用半波带法分析单缝衍射，所以用半波带法分析光栅衍射，能够使学生较易于理解。     

炫耀光栅及其在精密测长应用中的基本原理

随着莫尔条纹技术的发展,透射式炫耀光栅的作用将越来越大。本文推导了锯齿型炫耀光栅的透射能量分布公式、光栅方程;证明了衍射级的主极强出现在光栅的自然折射方向上;导出产生双级主炫耀的条件,举例计算炫耀角φ与0级和第一级能量分布关系。叙述光栅付中出射角相同的衍射序列之间的关系,简要介绍炫耀光栅精密测长的基本原理和它所独有的特性,以及使用的主要条件等。本文提供透射式炫耀光栅的一些理论基础,对设计和改进透射式炫耀光栅有重要的指导意义。     

F-P滤波器和SOA在全光帧时钟提取中的分析和试验

F—P腔作为光滤波器用．具有稳定性高．通带窄的优点。采用低精细度的法布里-珀罗滤波器（F—P）直接提出帧时钟,保证时钟的快速建立和快速消失。利用半导体光放大器（SOA）的自增益调制效应（SGM）对F-P提取的帧时钟进行整形,降低帧时钟的幅度噪声。并推导了F—P的精细度Q和SOA的自增益调制效应对帧时钟建立时间、消失时间的影响。通过理论分析表明,利用SOA的SGM效应可以降低帧时钟的幅度噪声并加快帧时钟建立速度。实验中,用上述方案对10．075GHz的帧信号进行了全光帧时钟提取．得到了建立时间为8个信号周期．消失时间为22个信号周期抖动为2.35ps的帧时钟信号.     

非线性光纤Sagnac干涉仪精度分析研究

非线性光纤Sagnac干涉仪具有突破标准量子极限的优点,可实现超高精度地球自转角速度的测量。通过理论建模和数值仿真,阐明了非线性光纤Sagnac干涉仪的增益系数、光纤环长度、光纤环面积和激光波长等参量对干涉仪精度的影响。在测量地速的条件下,光纤环半径取0.5m,光纤环长度为20km且非线性增益系数大于3.582时,干涉仪灵敏度能够达到10－6(°)/h(量级),为实现高灵敏度非线性光纤Sagnac干涉仪提供了支撑。     

外贴光栅监测带双缺口碳纤维增强复合材料拉伸损伤

布拉格光栅对沿其纵向的非均匀应变分布十分敏感,这种影响会反映在传感器位置的反射光谱光强中.本文提出了一种利用外贴光栅监测带双缺口碳纤维复合材料损伤的新技术.实验结果表明,当带双缺口碳纤维复合材料损伤产生及扩展时,光栅的反射光强在某些波长变化明显,反射光谱的突变点与复合材料静态拉伸应变—光栅中心波长曲线突变点一一对应.该方法可用于预测复合材料的损伤状态.     

超扭曲向列相液晶光栅衍射的实验观察与分析

对超扭曲向列相液晶在电场中所表现出来的种种独特的衍射现象进行了观察与分析，发现在一定条件下相隔衍射级次偏振状态的不同，指出其内部折射率随相关因子的变化关系。并对特定条件下液晶光栅的等效光栅常数进行了半定量测定，进而为建立液晶光栅衍射的定量模型奠定基础。     

仿形滑阀静特性的试验研究

前言液压伺服系统的靜特性就是在稳定状态下,负载流量Q_L、负载压力P_L与滑阀节流窗口通油面积A之间的相互依赖关系。在实际使用中常以流量增益K_q或速度增益K_v、压力增益K_p、流量—压力增益K_c、靜不灵敏区e_f等来表示液压伺服系统的靜特性。本文就3-YZF-Ⅰ型仿形头配套的液压仿形铣床的阀控油缸系统的靜特性进行定性和定量     

气体激光器反射镜的损失

1.前言众所周知,反射镜的特性对激光器的性能有很大的影响。特别是广泛应用的氦氖系统(激光器),由于在可见光范围内其增益小,所以输出多受到反射镜损失的限制。激光器的内部损失有衍射损失,布鲁斯特窗的透过损失。衍射损失由共振器及放电管的几何尺寸决定。至于布鲁斯特窗的问题归根结蒂     

两米光栅——线纹自动测量仪（一）

描述了一台能够对长度达１ｍ的线纹尺和长度达２ｍ的光栅尺（线位移传感器）进行测量的激光干涉仪，干涉仪设计成了双干涉光路系统，以消除光栅尺安装引入的阿贝误差，这台测量仪采用干涉条纹计量原理，对光栅尺和线纹尺的线值精度进行检测，并能对光机信号的质量进行评价。测量过程中，对空气折射率实现了实时修正。     

角振动校准装置研究

为提升对惯性器件的动态性能评价能力,通过对被校传感器施加标准正弦角振动激励,精确测量角振动过程,实现了对角振动传感器的校准。基于不同频段的特点,将校准频段划分为低频和高频2部分,并提出空气轴承与无刷直流力矩电机相结合的低频角振动台方案,以及轻质空心杯精密空气轴承与框式电磁驱动结构相结合的高频角振动台方案;分别采用精密角度编码器和衍射光栅激光干涉仪实现对低频和高频角振动的测量,成功研制出频率范围为0.25~550Hz、角加速度范围为0.1~1 760rad/s2以及角速度波形失真小于2%的角振动绝对法校准装置。与德国国家物理技术研究院的角振动校准装置相比,该装置能够显著提升承载能力,可广泛用于惯性器件动态性能的测试与评价。     

表面粘贴光纤光栅传感器的应变传递分析

光纤光栅传感器粘贴于航空结构的基体表面后,基体结构的真实应变与光纤光栅传感器测得的应变之间存在一个传递系数。本文根据应用环境,建立了＂基体结构—胶粘体—光纤传感器＂的应变传递简化模型,推导了裸光纤光栅传感器测得的应变与结构基体实际应变的比值,即应变传递率,并对影响传递率的各种参数进行分析和模拟,根据实际条件得到了粘贴的最佳参数。     

Radio Interferometry of Random Terrestrial Backgrounds

When relative motion exists between the antenna of a microwave radiometer and a random background, the variance of the radiometer output can, in many cases, be primarily determined by the spatial variance of the background. The result is a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio for small target detection. In this paper an interferometer is examined as a potential means of suppressing this background variance until the limiting variance imposed by the receiver is more nearly realized. A bivariate normal distribution in conjunction with three different correlation functions is assumed for the background apparent temperature field. The elements of the interferometer are assumed to possess a very narrow "pencil" power pattern. With relative motion between antenna and background, the audio power density spectrum at the output of the interferometer is exanmned. The background variance suppression achieved by an interferometer is shown to be a function of element spacing, wavelength, correlation distance for the background, range to the background, and form of the correlation function of the background. The result is that a radiometer may be designed which is receiver-limited rather than background-limited.     

Interferometer Design for Elevation Angle Estimation

Radars that are developed for the purpose of monitoring aircraft landings in the terminal air traffic control system can be designed to exploit the relatively high signal-to-noise ratio that characterizes the power budgets calculated for such a link. An interferometer using a pair of low gain antennas can be used to obtain passive coverage over a targe azimuth and elevation sector. A large baseline can be used to obtain the desired elevation angle estimation accuracy. In this paper an optimal tradeoff between the width of the subarray aperture and the width of the interferometer baseline is performed that achieves a specified elevation angle estimation error while minimizing the overall height of the interferometer configuration. The algorithm searches through the class of antenna patterns that can be synthesized from so-called finite impulse response, linear phase digital filters. For the specific problem of designing an elevation sensor for monitoring landing aircraft on final approach, the elevation angle can be estimated with no more than 1-mrad rms error when the aircraft is within ± 60° azimuth, 2.5° to 40° elevation, using two 7-wavelength subarray antennas spaced 8 wave-lengths apart. The design of a separate sensor for resolving the interferometer ambiguities is formulated as a hypothesis testing problem and solved using statistical decision theory. A bound on the probability of an ambiguity error is derived that accounts for the effects of ground reflection multipath and receiver noise.     

High Velocity Outflows in AGNs Observed with Gratings

Several Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) have been reported to harbor fast outflows exceeding 10,000 km?s^?1, which are detected mostly in their low-resolution CCD X-ray spectra. Only few, however, were detected with high-resolution grating spectrometers. Most of the grating detected outflows have been observed multiple times. In these cases, the absorption spectrum changes are indicating that variability is common among these high-velocity winds. In this paper we revisit the grating observations of PG?1211+143, and PDS?456, and report preliminary results on 4C?74.26. We discuss the spectral variability of the first two sources and its implications to the outflows.     

高密度栅测应变

将高密度光栅应用于力学参量的测量中。通过测得试件变形前后正交光栅衍射点阵的偏移移量，可逐点得到试件因载荷作用而引起的面内应变、离面位移和刚体传动分量。