Nonlinear Adaptive Robust Force Control of Hydraulic Load Simulator

This paper deals with the high performance force control of hydraulic load simulator. Many previous works for hydraulic force control are based on their linearization equations, but hydraulic inherent nonlinear properties and uncertainties make the conventional feedback proportional-integral-derivative control not yield to high-performance requirements. In this paper, a nonlinear system model is derived and linear parameterization is made for adaptive control. Then a discontinuous projection-based nonlinear adaptive robust force controller is developed for hydraulic load simulator. The proposed controller constructs an asymptotically stable adaptive controller and adaptation laws, which can compensate for the system nonlinearities and uncertain parameters. Meanwhile a well-designed robust controller is also developed to cope with the hydraulic system uncertain nonlinearities. The controller achieves a guaranteed transient performance and final tracking accuracy in the presence of both parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities; in the absence of uncertain nonlinearities, the scheme also achieves asymptotic tracking performance. Simulation and experiment comparative results are obtained to verify the high-performance nature of the proposed control strategy and the tracking accuracy is greatly improved.     

舵机力矩负载模拟器的混合控制方法研究

对采用电液伺服控制实现加载的力矩负载模拟器进行了深入的分析和研究。针对多余力矩和参数变化问题,建立了准确的数学模型,并提出了一种新型的复合控制策略,它包括对扰动的定常补偿、内环鲁棒ＰＩＤ和前向误差比例积分３个组成部分。采用这种混合控制律,可以大大提高加载系统的鲁棒性和跟踪性能,使多余力矩减少９９％。     

高速开关阀控电液位置伺服系统自适应鲁棒控制

为研究高精度的液压缸位置跟踪控制问题，设计了高速开关阀和换向阀组合控制液压缸的结构方案，并通过实验分析了高速开关阀的静态流量特性。建立了液压缸的连续可微摩擦模型，利用粒子群优化算法对其参数进行辨识。建立了系统的非线性数学模型，基于非连续参数映射和反步法设计了直接自适应鲁棒控制器，通过参数在线自适应调节来更新估计值和鲁棒反馈项支配参数不确定性，实验结果表明:在跟踪幅值为5mm，频率为0.4Hz的正弦信号时，最后一个周期的最大跟踪误差、平均跟踪误差及其标准差分别为0.638、0.25mm和0.405mm，与传统PID控制器相比，控制精度显著提升，旨在为实现高精度的数字阀控位置伺服技术提供有价值的参考。      

Adaptive Sliding Control of Six-DOF Flight Simulator Motion Platform

本文使用Newton-Euler法推导了六自由度飞行模拟器运动平台完整的线性化形式的动力学方程,并以此为基础,提出了一种在任务空间中的非线性自适应滑模控制方法。这种控制方法将系统中的不确定性分为定常不确定参数和时变不确定参数,利用非线性自适应控制对定常不确定参数进行辨识,同时结合滑模控制对时变不确定参数和外部扰动进行补偿。通过数值仿真分析表明,该控制策略能准确识别运动平台的载荷、惯量、重心等参数,同时又能有效地提高系统的鲁棒性能。     

基于速度同步控制的电液负载模拟器

通过理论与试验相结合的方法建立了电液力伺服控制系统的精确非线性数学模型 ,从理论上对采用传统的结构不变性原理来消除多余力的方案进行了分析 ,找出了其效果有一定局限性的机理 ,说明电液力伺服系统的非线性和频率特性对电液负载模拟器的性能有较大的影响 ,进而提出了利用舵机伺服阀的控制信号进行速度同步控制、抑制多余力矩的新方案 ,消除了系统滞后的影响 ,另外 ,由于舵机与加载马达数学模型的相似性 ,对非线性起到了一定的补偿作用。仿真和试验结果证明该方案在系统的动态品质、鲁棒性和消扰能力等方面具有相当好的效果。     

重载航空负载模拟器非线性最优前馈补偿控制

重载航空负载模拟器是用来模拟"C919"、"运-20"等重载飞机舵面工作载荷的地面仿真平台。设计了一种重载航空负载模拟器,采用非对称缸作为执行机构以在小体积下完成大载荷加载。为了消除多余力对重载航空负载模拟器加载精度的影响,分析了非对称缸正反向运动和大载荷变化下伺服阀流量增益的非线性变化对前馈补偿函数的影响,并设计了非线性参数估计控制器。同时分析了加速度等动态参数变化和静态参数的误差对多余力消除的影响,设计了参数最优控制器。仿真和试验结果均表明,相比于传统前馈补偿控制器,所设计的非线性最优前馈补偿控制器下的加载精度和多余力抑制能力提高了50%以上。     

一种电液伺服系统非线性补偿方法

分析了一类电液伺服阀的中立位非线性特征及其对电液伺服系统的影响,提出了一种非线性补偿方法。根据电液伺服阀的非线性特性,推导出补偿方法的函数并且进行计算,结合传统的PID控制获得具有非线性特征的补偿控制器。以某型电液伺服阀和液压缸组成的电液伺服系统为例,进行仿真与分析。仿真结果表明提出的方法具有较好的补偿作用,能够减少电液伺服阀非线性对电液伺服系统的影响。     

Optimization Based on Convergence Velocity and Reliability for Hydraulic Servo System

This article presents an optimal hybrid fuzzy proportion integral derivative (HFPID) controller based on combination of proportion integral derivative (PID) and fuzzy controllers, by which the parameters could be evaluated by global optimization either in convergence velocity or in convergence reliability. Focusing on the nonlinear factors of hydraulic servo system, this article takes advantage of PID and fuzzy logic controller integrated with scaling factors to acquire precise tracking performances. To further improve the performances, it provides new developed optimization with rapid convergence to attain reliable approach probability. Focusing on the performance indictors of evolutionary algorithm, this article presents a new technique to predict reliability of the optimization algorithm. Statistics authenticates the effectiveness and robustness of the optimization. Further, many simulation and experimental results indicate that the optimal HFPID could acquire perfect immunity against parametric uncertainties with external disturbance.     

Adaptive Fuzzy Torque Control of Passive Torque Servo Systems Based on Small Gain Theorem and Input-to-state Stability

Passive torque servo system (PTSS) simulates aerodynamic load and exerts the load on actuation system, but PTSS endures position coupling disturbance from active motion of actuation system, and this inherent disturbance is called extra torque. The most important issue for PTSS controller design is how to eliminate the influence of extra torque. Using backstepping technique, adaptive fuzzy torque control (AFTC) algorithm is proposed for PTSS in this paper, which reflects the essential characteristics of PTSS and guarantees transient tracking performance as well as final tracking accuracy. Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy logic system is utilized to compensate parametric uncertainties and unstructured uncertainties. The output velocity of actuator identified model is introduced into AFTC aiming to eliminate extra torque. The closed-loop stability is studied using small gain theorem and the control system is proved to be semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded. The proposed AFTC algorithm is applied to an electric load simulator (ELS), and the comparative experimental results indicate that AFTC controller is effective for PTSS.     

Compound Control for Hydraulic Flight Motion Simulator

The design of a compound control is presented for the servo system of hydraulic flight motion simulator, which suffers from highly nonlinear dynamics, large parameter time-variation and severe load coupling among channels. The compound control is composed of a robust feedback controller and a feedforward compensator. The design aim is to achieve high tracking performance even in the presence of considerable uncertainty, external disturbance and load coupling among channels. Toward this aim the feedback controller for rejecting perturbation and disturbance is designed by using μ synthesis optimization technique and the feedforward compensator for compensating time lag of dynamic system is established based on the basic idea of zero phase error tracking. To validate the proposed control strategy, simulations and experiments are implemented, and show that the resulting system is highly robust against model perturbation and possesses excellent capability of suppressing the load coupling and improving the tracking performance.     

基于瞬时无功功率理论和模糊PID控制的三相不平衡补偿算法

为满足三相不平衡飞机电网的无功功率实时补偿要求,设计了一种新型的静止无功补偿器（SVC）控制系统。该系统采用瞬时无功功率理论来精确检测基波正序和负序电压、电流,并推导出补偿导纳的表达式;SVC的整体控制采用了开环和闭环控制相结合的控制算法,并在闭环控制算法中,提出了自适应非线性模糊控制器在无功补偿控制系统中的应用方案。该方案结合了模糊控制和PID控制2种方法的优点,根据系统状况改变PID控制器的参数,以达到更好的动态控制效果。仿真研究结果表明,该新型SVC控制系统对于提高功率因数和补偿三相不平衡,具有响应快、精度高的控制效果。     

角伺服系统模糊自适应PID控制研究

将模糊控制和PID控制相结合,提出了一种智能复合控制策略,并将其应用于某型导弹系统角伺服系统的控制。利用模糊控制在线自适应调整PID控制器的参数,从而使系统的静态和动态性能指标较为理想。在Simulink中的仿真结果表明,这种模糊PID控制器的控制效果优于单纯的PID控制,超调量小,抗干扰性能强,对变参数系统的鲁棒性强,满足在线实时自适应控制的要求。     

Study on Friction Torque Loading with an Electro-hydraulic Load Simulator

This article, in order to precisely impose friction on aircraft and weapon actuation systems, presents a new friction loading method characteristic of “torque-zero velocity” switching control with an electro-hydraulic load simulator. As the general Stribeck friction model has little related to static friction, it proposes a “torque-zero velocity” switcher, in which a zero-velocity controller is developed to load the static friction and a torque controller the kinetic friction. With the help of mathematical modeling, this article designs a “torque-zero velocity” switching controller and, correspondingly, provides a “dual-threshold judgment” algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can be successfully used to carry out the static and kinetic friction simulation with an electro-hydraulic load simulator.     

导弹发射装置随动系统模糊神经PID控制器

在有些系统性能指标要求很高的导弹发射装置的随动系统中,传统的PID控制往往难以满足要求。文章以某型导弹发射装置的随动系统为模型,结合了模糊控制、神经网络及PID等控制算法,设计了模糊神经PID控制器。通过与传统的PID控制器仿真实验对比,可以看出应用模糊神经PID控制器能够有效地提高该随动系统的动态性能和鲁棒稳定性。     

陀螺稳定平台视轴稳定系统自适应模糊PID控制

 在运动载体上的光电跟踪系统中，需要采用建立在陀螺稳定平台上的视轴稳定控制。分析了平台结构和惯性稳定隔离原理。针对系统机械谐振、力矩耦合及电气参数波动等非线性不确定因素的影响，设计了复合自适应模糊PID控制器。引入自适应调整因子进行控制规则和参数的在线修正，采用复合控制克服模糊控制固有的盲区，实现无差调节。在光电跟踪转台上的实验结果显示该方法能够有效地隔离载体扰动，减小扰动造成的误差，保证视轴对目标的准确瞄准，具有快速的动态响应和较强的抗干扰性。     

PID Controller Optimization by GA and Its Performances on the Electro-hydraulic Servo Control System

A proportional integral derivative （PID） controller is designed and attached to electro-hydraulic servo actuator system （EHSAS） to control the angular position of the rotary actuator which control the movable surface of space vehicles. The PID gain parameters are optimized by the genetic algorithm （GA）. The controller is verified on the new state-space model of servo-valves attached to the physical rotary actuator by SIMULINK program. The controller and the state-space model are verified experimentally. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the PID controller adaptive by GA to control the angular position of the rotary actuator as compared with the classical PID controller and the compensator controller.     

Robust Control for Static Loading of Electro-hydraulic Load Simulator with Friction Compensation

Load simulator is a key test equipment for aircraft actuation systems in hardware-in-the-loop-simulation. Static loading is an essential function of the load simulator and widely used in the static/dynamic stiffness test of aircraft actuation systems. The tracking performance of the static loading is studied in this paper. Firstly, the nonlinear mathematical models of the hydraulic load simulator are derived, and the feedback linearization method is employed to construct a feed-forward controller to improve the force tracking performance. Considering the effect of the friction, a LuGre model based friction compensation is synthesized, in which the unmeasurable state is estimated by a dual state observer via a controlled learning mechanism to guarantee that the estimation is bounded. The modeling errors are attenuated by a well-designed robust controller with a control accuracy measured by a design parameter. Employing the dual state observer is to capture the different effects of the unmeasured state and hence can improve the friction compensation accuracy. The tracking performance is summarized by a derived theorem. Experimental results are also obtained to verify the high performance nature of the proposed control strategy.     

Application in prestiction friction compensation for angular velocity loop of inertially stabilized platforms

To overcome the influence of the nonlinear friction on the gimbaled servo-system of an inertial stabilized platforms(ISPs) with DC motor direct-drive, the methods of modeling and compensation of the nonlinear friction are proposed. Firstly, the inapplicability of LuGre model when trying to interpret the backward angular displacement in the prestiction regime is observed experimentally and the reason is deduced theoretically. Then, based on the dynamic model of direct-drive ISPs, a modified LuGre model is proposed to describe the characteristic of the friction in the prestiction regime. Furthermore, the state switch condition of the three friction regimes including presliding, gross sliding and prestiction is presented. Finally, a composite compensation controller including a nonlinear friction observer and a feedforward compensator based on the novel LuGre model is designed to restrain the nonlinear friction and to improve the control precision. Experimental results indicate that compared with those of the conventional proportion–integration–differentiation(PID) control method and the PID plus LuGre model-based friction compensation method, the dwell-time has decreased from 0.2 s to almost 0 s, the position error decreased to 86.7%and the peak-to-peak value of position error decreased to 80% after the novel compensation controller is added. It concludes that the composite compensation controller can greatly improve the control precision of the dynamic sealed ISPs.     

Transition control of a tail-sitter unmanned aerial vehicle with L1 neural network adaptive control

The main task of this work is to design a control system for a small tail-sitter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) during the transition process. Although reasonable control performance can be obtained through a well-tuned single PID or cascade PID control architecture under nominal conditions, large or fast time-varying disturbances and a wide range of changes in the equilibrium point bring nonlinear characteristics to the transition control during the transition process, which leads to control prec...     

电力机车PMSM自适应模糊滑模控制

为研究牵引工况下电力机车永磁同步电机(PMSM)的转速控制精度,考虑轮轨接触不平顺及车体静载荷在轮对径向产生的未知时变负载转矩,建立了机车PMSM在dq坐标系下的数学模型。针对该耦合非线性系统中存在的负载转矩,设计非线性转矩观测器对其实际值进行估计,对观测误差采用自适应模糊逻辑系统进行逼近;为考察d轴电压过零跳变对转速控制及转矩观测性能的影响,在d轴电压控制器设计中引入Nussbaum函数,并依据Lyapunov稳定性理论,构造了基于转矩观测器的自适应模糊滑模控制器。理论分析及仿真结果表明,当转矩时变或d轴电压过零时,机车PMSM闭环转速控制系统跟踪误差一致有界,转矩观测误差收敛于0。