一种新型结构非本征光纤F-P传感器全应变测量性能研究

光纤传感器作为一种新的测量信息传输方式,在航空发动机部件材料高温测量领域具有重要的应用价值。基于多光束干涉原理,制作一种新型结构的非本征光纤 Fabry-Perot（F-P）传感器,探索其在航空发动机部件材料室温/高温环境静力拉伸试验过程中的变形测量性能。采用平板和圆棒两种形状的试样,在不同表面粗糙度和两种加载速率下,分别对比高级视频引伸计（AVE）进行室温、高温环境下静力拉伸试验。结果表明：新型结构的非本征光纤 F-P 传感器具有测量范围大,测量精度高,测量结果不受外界因素影响等优势,可实现航空发动机部件材料的超量程全应变测量;此外,在测量精度和设备体积方面明显优于 AVE。     

基于后向喇曼散射分布式光纤测温系统温度解调方法研究

 讨论了喇曼和瑞利散射光的温度效应。通过具体的理论分析,指出反斯托克斯散射光比斯托克斯散射光的温度灵敏度高,是此类系统解调温度信息的首选对象。详细讨论了 2种解调方法。通过分析对比它们在系统温度灵敏度、相对温度灵敏度与波长关系上的差异,得到了一系列有意义的结论。针对实际测量过程中光纤损耗因素,利用最小二乘法给出了一种“校正”算法。系统实践证明,上述结论是正确、合理的,校正算法是简洁、有效的。     

Optical fiber wavelength division multiplexing

During flight, aircraft avionics transmit and receive RF signals to/from antennas over coaxial cables. As the density and complexity of onboard avionics increases, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) environment degrades proportionately, leading to decreasing signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and potential safety concerns. The coaxial cables are inherently lossy, limiting the RF signal bandwidth while adding considerable weight. To overcome these limitations, we have investigated a fiber optic communications link for aircraft that utilizes wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) to support the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals (including RF) over a single optical fiber. Optical fiber has many advantages over coaxial cable, particularly lower loss, greater bandwidth, and immunity to EMI. In this paper, we demonstrate that WDM can be successfully used to transmit multiple RF signals over a single optical fiber with no appreciable signal degradation. We investigate the transmission of FM and AM analog modulated signals, as well as FSK digital modulated signals, over a fiber optic link (FOL) employing WDM. We present measurements of power loss, delay, SNR, carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR), total harmonic distortion (THD), and bit error rate (BER). Our experimental results indicate that WDM is a fiber optic technology suitable for avionics applications.     

光电缆的分布式温度传感网络

提出增加一根光纤光栅与光电缆绕制在一起，用于监测电缆中的实时温度。采朋有限元分析方法，建立了光电缆温度场模型。使用可调谐脉冲激光作为系统光源，在一条光纤上刻制多个相同中心波长的布拉格光栅，即采用全同光栅作为系统的温度传感器，当光电缆线路中温度发生异常时，反射回来的光栅中心波长发生偏移，通过检测反射光中心波长发生的偏移量可以确定光栅温度变化的大小。不同位置的光栅返回光信号所需的时间不同，通过检测和计算光返回的不同时间，可以计算出发生温度变化的光栅位置。实验结果表明，光栅的温度敏感性可以达到11．4pm／℃，光栅的测量温度与实际温度的误差在3％范围内。     

BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings of silica optical fiber for long term sensors at high temperatures

SiBCN and BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings were prepared on silica optical fibers for sensing applications at high temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology and microstructure of the coated fiber. Mechanical and optical properties of the coated fiber were characterized by Raman, optical and tensile tests. Compared with the original fiber, the tensile strength of SiBCN and BN/SiBCN coated fiber show an increase of about 60% and 90% at room temperature, respectively. In addition, the tensile strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber was increased by about 42% at 700 °C. It has been found that the improvement of the strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber is related to the healing of defects and residual compressive stress in fibers. From the light transmittance performance of the coated fiber, it was found that BN/SiBCN double coating could be an ideal total reflection solution to protect silica optical fiber from light leakage during high temperature sensing operation.     

光纤环时效处理的有效性分析

作为光纤陀螺的核心敏感元件,光纤环质量的优劣直接决定了光纤陀螺的精度。而目前光纤环制作工艺仍处于不断完善阶段。针对光纤环成环过程的温度时效工艺的处理效果进行了重点实验分析,实验结果充分显示了温度时效处理对当前光纤线圈的应力释放效果。同时,还讨论了振动时效处理方法释放光纤环残余应力的作用效果,结果表明,该方法在释放残余应力方面更为有效。     

光纤F—P腔压力传感器的研究进展

光纤F—P腔压力传感器因其独有的优点广泛应用于军事、民用领域。国内外诸多高校、科研院所都在对其进行研究。本文介绍了光纤F—P腔压力传感器的研究进展,对全光纤结构F-P压力传感器、激光加工微型光纤压力传感器、二氧化硅膜片压力传感器的结构和制作过程进行了总结,并对利用MEMS制作压力传感器的工艺进行了详述,对比分析了不同加工工艺下传感器的性能及其优缺点。     

航空机载宽温度环境下 APD 光接收机的性能分析

对机载宽温度环境下光纤网络中雪崩光电二极管（APD）以及APD光接收机的温度性能进行了分析,并且在机载宽温度范围下将APD光接收机与PIN光接收机性能进行了比较,论证了机载宽温度环境下采用APD光接收机的可能性,以此缓解航空机载光纤网络光功率预算困难。     

RFOG中LD光源驱动电路设计

谐振式光纤陀螺具有良好的发展前景,光源在系统中有着很重要的作用.由于惯导系统工作在多变的外界环境下,环境因素引起的LD输出光功率不稳定会对陀螺的精度产生极大影响.为减小这种不稳定造成的检测误差,给出了一种恒流+温控的驱动电路来稳定光源输出功率,实验测定恒流电路的电流稳定性优于0.12％.激光器组件内包含的热敏电阻阻值随温度变化而改变,通过测量温控条件下热敏电阻两端电压,计算得到温度波动为±0.05℃.同时,实验还测量了在30C时,LD光源的输出功率标准差为0.0165mW.     

High-speed avionic optical fiber CDMA networks

With applications of systems integration technology to advanced aircrafts, high-speed and high-capacity optical fiber communication networks should be employed to support airborne broadband communication services. To guarantee real-time multiuser communications over a network, the selection of medium-access schemes is critical for avionics applications. In this paper, we briefly discuss the issues on high-speed multiple-access techniques and their applicability. Then we focus on the design and operation aspects of avionic optical fiber code-division multiple access (CDMA) networks. Some practical considerations on implementing such a CDMA network are also addressed and further improvement is pointed out. It is shown that avionic optical fiber CDMA networks can find a use in real-time avionic sensor data distribution, data exchange, and computer interconnects     

植入FBG的碳纤维复合材料全寿命周期结构状态研究

将光纤光栅传感器与碳纤维复合材料进行一体化集成设计,在碳纤维复合材料内部植入光纤光栅传感器,验证了埋置工艺的可行性,确认了其可实时监测环境温度值,研究了植入光纤光栅传感器后碳纤维复合材料的结构强度变化及光纤光栅的信号传递率。试验结果表明:碳纤维复合材料埋入光纤光栅传感器前后结构强度变化率小于10%,光纤应变信号传递率高于90%,光纤光栅传感器可以作为碳纤维复合材料结构进行从加工固化、使用过程直至破坏的全寿命周期的结构强度监测的有效手段。     

基于光纤传感的襟翼操纵载荷试飞技术

为了研究民用飞机减速板打开引起的襟翼载荷增量,验证襟翼中小偏度下的严重操纵载荷准确性,避免成本高昂的特殊构型试验件研制和减少机上管线敷设空间限制等问题,针对某具体型号襟翼运动机构,建立了基于光纤传感的操纵载荷测量系统、测量系统校准方法,完成襟翼作动器操纵载荷和翼面总载荷的直接验证与确认。试飞实施结果表明,基于光纤传感的襟翼操纵载荷识别及测试技术在某型号减速板打开后襟翼操纵载荷试飞中的研究应用,为襟翼操纵载荷验证提供了一种有效的高精度、低成本试飞测试方法。     

光纤F-P腔传感器波分复用技术研究

描述了一种光纤F-P传感器的多路复用解调技术,该技术采用一个4通道的粗波分复用器（CWDM）和一个40通道的密集型波分复用器（DWDM）构成多路复用系统,利用探测器对系统输出光能量进行检测,通过插值法对采集信号进行拟合计算,解调出反射光谱的波长值,实现了4支具有相同参数的F-P腔传感器的同时解调。     

大压力高精度谐振筒传感器设计

介绍用于测量高低温环境下高压气体绝对压力的传感器的设计,传感器采用谐振筒式敏感元件和数字量输出方式.量程满足0.02～4.0MPa,精度优于±0.05%FS,可在-55～150℃的较宽温度范围内可靠工作.该传感器可用于飞机发动机的电调系统,测量发动机不同位置的压力.文中主要论述了谐振筒的设计方法,确定了宽温大压力高精度...     

干涉式光纤陀螺光纤环互易性温变漂移补偿方法

分析了干涉式光纤陀螺光纤环受温度影响产生零漂误差的机理,对于温变环境下的光纤陀螺输出,在传统线性分析手段的基础上,以互易性为主,把光纤环径向内外温度差以及温度变化率的差作为研究对象,建立了新的多项式零漂评估方法.通过对模型不同幂级次的探寻,寻找到变温情况下的最佳拟合系数并进行仿真补偿,实现了陀螺精度的大幅提高,使得最佳零漂降低为原始输出的20.6%.最后,对拟合系数进行陀螺变温实验验证,证实了该新型温度补偿方法的合理性.     

Spread-Spectrum Signaling for Distributed Fiber Optic Systems

One of the stringent requirements on the receivers of distributed industrial fiber optic systems is fast and accurate adaptive thresholding and a wide dynamic range. This is due to the existence of variable link lengths and geometry, especially in multipleaccess situations, coupled with unipolar optical signaling. This paper analyzes the application of a simple spread-spectrum system in such fiber-optic data links. It proposes a detector model that yields a tractable expression for the probability of error. The optimum threshold and the probability of error are then related to the received optical power, bit rate, and spectrum-spreading factor. A procedure is indicated by which, based on the minimum expected received power, a spreading facor and a threshold are chosen to insure a given maximum error rate at all the receivers.     

基于AD590组成的温度测量电路及应用

AD590是AD公司利用PN结正向电流与温度的关系制成的电流输出型两端温度传感器。由于该器件具有良好的线性特性和互换性，因此测量精度高，并具有消除电源波动的特性。通过分析AD590的基本结构、主要性能以及基本工作原理，介绍了该器件在温度检测中的广泛应用。     

Military avionics optical fiber data buses with active-couplerconfigurations

Military avionics optical fiber data buses of high reliability are discussed. Because Light Emitting Diodes (LED's) have better temperature performance and require less complex driver circuits than laser diodes, the former is normally chosen as an optical source in the severe aircraft environment at present. In this case, optical power budget becomes a critical factor which can significantly limit the number of terminals in a data bus. To effectively solve this problem while maintaining a high reliability, we present several configurations of all-active couplers and hybrid passive/active couplers for avionics optical fiber data buses using PIN photodiodes and LED's. The system design is also described, which incorporates a modulation scheme called partial trilevel Manchester II bi-phase coding     

Design issues for MIL-STD-1773 optical fiber avionics data buses

In this paper, several design issues on highly reliable MIL-STD-1773 (or 1553B) optical fiber avionics data buses are investigated. Two optical modulation techniques are proposed for avionics data buses, and they can be used to efficiently solve the problems associated with the fast identification of correct operation states for optical transmitters while maintaining less complexity of transceivers. The implementation of the proposed techniques is discussed. We also deal with the selection of optical devices and fibers to improve the reliability and power budget of optical fiber avionics data buses. Furthermore, some future improvements on avionics data bus systems are pointed out     

分布式光纤布里渊散射应变传感器参数计算

介绍了由布里渊散射机理构成的分布式光纤应变传感器,首次推导出了布里渊散射光相对于入射光的频移与光纤应变的关系及有关参数的理论计算公式。计算结果表明：光纤中由应变引起的布里渊频移变化主要是通过调制杨氏模量实现的;其布里渊频移为几十GHz,由应变引起的布里渊频移变化量为几十MHz.其理论与实验数据基本吻合。