网格远程调度系统的设计与实现

阐明了在多集群的网格中，资源调度和任务的分配受到网络和通信延迟的限制。采用元调度机制有效的将作业分配到不同集群计算机中，进一步，义采用动态绑定机制来减少作业分配的延迟。这一机制是绑定相似的请求来组成复合请求分配到网格资源。在不同的服务负载下应用了这些机制，结果显示这些机制能够帮助获得负载均衡和减少作业分配的延迟，同时也能减少程序的运行时间。     

应用模拟退火算法求解飞机调度问题

通过分析飞机运行的时区集合特点,将飞机调度问题转化为固定工件排序问题。根据工件占用机器的时间区间,利用划分时间片算法把需要平行作业的工件挑选出来组成无向图的相邻顶点,从而将固定工件问题转化为图的k-顶点着色问题,然后建立0-1整数规划数学模型,并设计出相应的模拟退火算法。最后应用该算法针对飞机调度问题进行了仿真研究,结果表明:在可接受的时间内能够得到该问题的满意解。     

GPS 双基线载体姿态测量研究

研究了采用双基线方案测量载体的姿态,利用GPS双差相位测量基线矢量,双差伪距观测值辅助解相位整周模糊,双频时引入空间变换缩小置信空间搜索次数,通过实例分析得出了正确解算相位模糊与观测次数、伪距测量精度的关系,并利用误差传播定律对姿态测量精度进行分析,结合卫星星历数据计算表明,在卫星运行周期内航向角和俯仰角平均测量精度在一定条件下优于2mrad.     

Task allocation and reallocation for fault tolerance inmulticomputer systems

The goal of task allocation in a set of interconnected processors (computers) is to maximize the efficient use of resources and thus reduce the job turnaround time. Proposed is a simple yet effective method to allocate the tasks in multicomputer systems for minimizing the interprocessor communication cost subject to resource limitations defined by the system and designer. The limitations can be viewed as results from the load balancing since the execution time of each task, the number of available processors, processor speed, and memory capacity are known to the system or designer. As the number of processors increases, the probability of a failure existing somewhere in the systems at any time also increases. Very few established task allocation models have considered the reliability property. In multicomputer systems, we define system reliability as the probability that the system can run the tasks successfully. After the (nonredundant) task scheduling strategy is defined, tasks are then reallocated to processors statically and redundantly. This is a form of time redundancy, in which if some processors fail during the execution, all tasks can be completed on the remaining processors (but at a longer time). Due to static preallocation of tasks this method is simpler and thus more practical than well-known dynamic reconfiguration and rollback recovery techniques in multicomputer systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the task allocation and reallocation for hardware fault tolerance by illustrations of applying the methods to different examples and practical communications network multiprocessor system     

Optimal time-varying load sharing for divisible loads

A load sharing problem involving the optimal load allocation of divisible loads in a distributed computing system consisting of N processors interconnected through a bus-oriented network is investigated. For a divisible lend, the workload is infinitely divisible so that each fraction of the workload can be distributed and independently computed on each processor. For the first time in divisible load theory, an analysis is provided in the case when the processor speed and the channel speed are time varying due to background jobs submitted to the distributed system with nonnegligible communication delays. A numerical method to calculate the average of the time-varying processor speed and the channel speed and an algorithm to find the optimal allocation of the workload to minimize the total processing finish time are proposed via a deterministic analysis. A stochastic analysis which makes use of Markovian queueing theory is introduced for the case when arrival and departure times of the background jobs are not known     

基于成本控制的机队优化配置方法

为了控制航空公司运营成本,实现燃油成本和机组时间成本最小,建立多目标整数规划模型,分析各成本因素所占比例,考虑旅客市场需求、航线频率限制、机队飞机寿命限制及飞机适航限制等因素,并采用层次分析法对模型进行求解。通过算例分析和评价,实现航线资源与机队的最优配置,为航空公司降低可变成本提供理论依据。     

机场终端区跑道配置优化及容流调配模型研究

大型繁忙机场交通需求的持续增长导致的飞行流量与保障能力、机场容量之间的矛盾日益突出。为了充分利用跑道系统资源,合理配置跑道运行容量,优化飞行流,建立非线性0-1整数规划模型解决以下两个问题:确定跑道配置优化序列,匹配进离场飞机流。模型综合考虑机场交通流、跑道配置转换容量折损、跑道容量包络线等约束,以优化区间内航班总延误最小为目标,用LINGO建模求解,使用实际运行数据验证模型的有效性。结果表明,模型实现了跑道资源的优化利用,降低了航班延误。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.     

一个CFD计算作业调度系统的设计与实现

针对目前CFD行业中计算作业的特点、用户计算资源状况和使用特点,以及对现有相关作业调度系统的分析研究,设计出采用共享目录方式进行远程计算的作业调度系统.该系统不仅具有对局域网内计算资源优化调度的基本功能,而且具有对计算作业的快速、安全、实时监控运行以及不在远程计算机上产生垃圾文件等特点,更好地解决了CFD行业局域网中作业优化调度的问题.本文阐述了该系统的总体架构,系统功能,以及关键技术,并对系统的可用性进行了分析.     

求解含调整时间排序问题的混合遗传算法

利用仿真工具将启发式方法与遗传算法相结合,提出了一种求解Job Shop排序问题的混合算法框架,利用启发式规则引导遗传搜索过程,以提高遗传算法的求解效率。在求解过程中,遗传算法仅对每台机器的第1道工序搜索寻优,通过仿真过程安排后续工序,在仿真过程中,利用启发式规则确定工件的加工优先级。在以上框架基础上,针对含调整时间的作业排序问题建立了一种混合算法GA-SPTS,通过与已有算法的比较表明,该算法对这类问题具有很好的求解性能。     

关于两个管理理念的思考

管理不能过于严格,也不能过于宽松,严格管理和宽松管理各有其利弊和适应条件,过分地严格管理必然走入误区。打破“铁饭碗”是对的,但职工“饭碗”也不是越脆弱越好。“饭碗”坚固与脆弱必须适度,应该兼顾效率与公平的原则。     

Efficient scheduling algorithm for demand-assigned TDMA satellitesystems

An efficient scheduling algorithm (stations burst plan) for demand-assigned time-division multiple-access (TDMA) satellite network systems is introduced. The total demand for transmitting data through a transponder may exceed the available bit-rate capacity, and a scheduler of the system wishes to utilize the system with minimum changes of slot allocations while maximizing throughputs. By implementing such a burst-plan algorithm, transmission of all demanded data traffic can be completed with minimum unused resources (idle slots). The underlying ideas adopted for the algorithm are that jobs with shorter remaining processing times should have higher priorities and that as many jobs are processed at a time as possible. The algorithm is particularly useful for deriving smooth burst plans for a satellite system with a large number of ground stations     

编队卫星队形重构防碰撞最优轨迹规划

 针对编队卫星队形重构的轨迹规划问题,提出了直接配置混合整数线性规划(DCMILP)方法。首先将卫星编队飞行问题进行简化,整个过程使用线性化描述;继而将三阶Simpson方法扩展至编队卫星的队形重构过程中,将各卫星的状态量和控制量在各节点处离散化;然后根据目标函数及碰撞规避问题等各种约束条件,将整个过程转化为混合整数线性规划问题,从而可以找到该非凸问题的全局最优解。最后,通过对三维和二维两组编队卫星队形重构进行仿真,由结果可以看出,与传统方法相比该方法快速有效,能够满足实时性的要求,使得卫星编队的自主运行成为可能。     

Optimal divisible job load sharing for bus networks

Optimal load allocation for load sharing a divisible job over N processors interconnected in bus-oriented network is considered. The processors are equipped with front-end processors. It is analytically proved, for the first time, that a minimal solution time is achieved when the computation by each processor finishes at the same time. Closed form solutions for the minimum finish time and the optimal data allocation for each processor are also obtained     

广义离散随机线性系统的最优调节器

讨论广义离散随机线性系统在二次型性能指标下的最优控制问题。导出的最优控制律由系统输出和部分状态的线性反馈构成,这不仅降低了滤波的黎卡提方程的阶次,显著地减少了计算量,而且在工程中也是可实现的。     

脉冲吹气对无缝襟翼翼型气动性能的影响

只有采用足够小的能量输入,获取更大的空气动力收益后,主动流动控制才有可能在真实飞机上获得更广泛的应用。脉冲吹气比定常吹气所需能量更少,控制效果更好,在改善翼型气动性能上得到广泛的研究。数值模拟了脉冲频率、占空比、动量系数等参数对无缝襟翼翼型升阻特性的影响规律,研究表明,脉冲频率接近于涡脱落频率时增升效果最好,当脉冲频率小于涡脱落频率时,阻力增加,当脉冲频率为涡脱落频率2倍时,阻力减小最多;动量系数较小时,占空比越小,冲击效应越强,增升效果越好;动量系数小于临界动量系数时,脉冲吹气增升效果优于定常吹气,当动量系数大于临界动量系数时,脉冲吹气控制效果低于定常吹气。研究脉冲吹气参数对翼型性能的影响规律,对采用周期性激励增升减阻、舵面增效的飞行器设计具有一定参考意义。     

Improved Global Range Alignment for ISAR

An improved global range alignment is presented for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. The shifts of the echoes are modeled as a polynomial, and the coefficients of this polynomial are chosen to optimize a quality measure of range alignment. The shift in the time domain is carried out by introducing a phase ramp in the frequency domain in order to remove the limitation of integer steps. Because the quality measure of range alignment is calculated directly in the frequency domain, this method is computationally more efficient than the original global method.     

旋转导弹单通道控制方法研究

通过分析旋转导弹的控制原理 ,从弹体舵面产生的周期等效控制力与导引头输出的误差信号之间的方位误差和幅值线性度两个方面 ,提出了一个最优的线性化信号与主控信号的频率比。建立了刚体弹道仿真软件 ,以某型防空导弹为背景进行了一系列的仿真计算。仿真结果表明 ,这一最佳频率比大大提高了导弹的制导精度 ,减小了脱靶量。     

对企业战略执行系统有效运作的思考

企业在战略运行过程中,应首先建立有效的战略执行机制,否则企业战略难以执行.所以企业在执行战略时,应考虑战略执行系统的核心问题,主要有:制定战略是企业决策层工作的核心;建立与战略相适应的组织支持系统;建立战略性人力资源管理;建立执行文化;建立好的管理机制;建立有效的情报系统;建立有效的战略评估与跟踪机制.只有这样,才能逐步建立战略执行系统,才能保障企业的战略目标的实现.     

Resolution of a 2π ambiguity problem in multiple frequencyspectral estimation

An algorithm is proposed to resolve a fundamental 2π ambiguity problem occurring in multiple frequency spectral estimation. Given M frequencies f_m, and I separate frequency estimators with unambiguous bandwidths F_i, the ambiguity problem can be stated as solving for the fm, given the estimator outputs, α_mi, (1⩽m⩽M;1⩽i⩽I) where f_m=α_mi+K_miF_i and K_mi is some integer. The proposed algorithm exhaustively resolves all possible α_mi groupings into single frequency values using a noise insensitive technique that exchanges system bandwidth for noise protection. The correct multiple frequencies are then defined as the single frequencies that repeat a specified number of times. A complete analysis is included