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1.
Al2O3 particle-reinforced TiAl composites are successfully reaction-synthesized from the powder mixture of Ti, Al, TiO2, and Nb2O5, using the hot pressing reaction synthesis technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-sintered products are investigated. It is found that in the as-sintered products consisting of γ-TiAl, α2-Ti3Al, Al2O3, and NbAl3 phases, the fine Al2O3 particles tend to disperse on the grain boundaries. With the Nb2O5 content increasing, the grains are remarkably refined and the Al2O3 particles are dispersing more uniformly in the TiAl matrix, forming a partial lamellar structure containing α and lamellar phases. The hardness of the in-situ composites increases gradually, and the bending strength and the fracture toughness of the as-sintered products reach the maximum value of 398.5 MPa and 6.99 MPa·m^1/2, respectively, as the Nb2O5 content increases to 6 wt%. 相似文献
2.
In this work, the Nb–14Si–24Ti–10Cr–2Al–2Hf–0.1Y alloy(at.%) was processed by the liquid–metal-cooled directional solidification(DS) at 1750 C with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6,18 mm/min and post heat treatment(HT) at 1450 C for 10 h. The microstructures of the directionally solidified and heat treated samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified alloy mainly consists of petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics and Ti-rich Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the primary Nb5Si3is eliminated, Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectic cells turn round and connected with the microstructure refinement and Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics turn to a river-like morphology. After heat treatment,Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics disappeared and petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics turn to a specific fiber-mesh structure gradually, which is promoted by higher withdrawal rates. Furthermore,both the volume fraction of Cr2Nb and the content of Cr in Nbssof Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics change regularly with the increase of withdrawal rate and heat treatment at 1450 C for 10 h. 相似文献
3.
为了探索透波性Si3N4陶瓷铣削中加工表面创成机理及加工工艺参数对其影响规律,对加工表面形貌和边缘破损特征,以及加工参数与切削力、表面粗糙度、边缘破损的映射关系等开展了试验研究。首先对加工表面形貌进行了分析,由于存在陶瓷粉末去除和破碎性颗粒去除两种形式,造成加工表面形貌结构一种体现为变化平缓,而另一种包含微裂纹、层状结构体等,且存在凹坑、沟槽等缺陷。其次研究了边缘破损形式及产生机理,当刀具运动到出口棱边处,刀尖应力集中处将产生微裂纹,并向工件侧面扩展,从而在加工表面和加工侧面诱导形成边缘破损。最后基于均匀设计试验,分析了工艺条件对加工性能的影响。结果表明:随着切削深度从0. 2增加到0. 5 mm和切削宽度从1增加到4 mm时,x轴切削力呈耦合增长,y轴切削力呈二次方增长;当切削深度和切削宽度分别为0. 2 mm和1 mm、进给速度为500 mm/min时,加工表面粗糙度值最小;转速为2 000 r/min、切削深度和切削宽度最小时,边缘破损幅值最小。此结果可为提高透波性Si3N4陶瓷铣削加工质量提供技术支撑。 相似文献
4.
The influences of rare earth element Nd on the phase transformation and the microstructure of Ti50Ni48−xFe2Ndx shape memory alloys are investigated by means of electrical resistivity, optical microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that TiNiFe alloys with different Nd contents exhibit two-step martensitic transformation. The start temperature of martensitic transformation increases sharply from 212 K to 267 K when 0.1 at.% Nd is added in, and then decreases gradually if Nd content further increases. The microstructure of TiNiFeNd quaternary alloys consists of TiNi matrix, Ti2Ni second phase, and Nd3Ni intermetallic compound. The spherical Nd3Ni precipitate-particles evenly disperse in the matrix. 相似文献
5.
镍掺杂对α-Al2O3烧结过程、微观结构及力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先采用非均相沉淀包裹法制备金属镍包裹α-Al2O3复合微球粉体,然后采用热压烧结制备了Al2O3/Ni金属陶瓷。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)对复合粉体及热压烧结产物的成分和结构进行了表征,利用阿基米德法测量了复合陶瓷的密度,分别通过三点弯曲法和单边切口横梁法对陶瓷试条的抗弯强度和断裂韧性进行评估。研究发现:金属镍的引入活化了α-Al2O3的烧结,镍粒子均匀地分布在氧化铝的晶界上,增加了弱界面,提高了氧化铝的断裂韧性,最高可达7.62 MPa·m1/2。 相似文献
6.
在设计飞翼式无人机(UAV)的横航向飞行控制系统时,为了使无人机具有较好的动态特性和阵风抑制能力,同时又便于工程实现,提出了固定结构的H2/H∞控制律设计方法。对于由此遇到的双线性矩阵不等式(BMI)问题,先用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法得到控制律参数和H2/H∞性能指标的映射关系,再用此映射关系作为适应度函数,用改进的遗传算法求解使H2/H∞性能最优的控制律参数。仿真结果表明,使用固定结构的H2/H∞控制方法的无人机动态响应迅速平滑,在侧风干扰下的滚转角振荡幅值仅是原经典控制方法的一半。 相似文献
7.
针对透波性Si_3N_4陶瓷铣削加工过程中易出现边缘破损现象,通过不同铣削深度实验研究了边缘破损类型、产生位置以及切深对边缘破损影响,并分析了边缘破损产生机理,最后提出了边缘破损控制方法。结果表明:当切深为0.4~0.8 mm时,边缘破损主要集中于出口棱边和入刀侧边;且脆性域加工过程中随着切深的增加,边缘破损程度呈现增大趋势;降低切深至≤0.3 mm且采用跟随周边走刀方式,并保证入刀处刀尖线速度方向与进给方向夹角不小于90°,可以有效控制边缘破损。研究为提高透波性Si_3N_4陶瓷铣削加工表面质量提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
8.
热分析实验是使用国产CDR-1型差动热分析仪。热分解活化能用Ozawa法和Kissinger法计算[1],其它动力学参数均用Kissinger法求得。全部热分析实验均在氮气气氛中进行。推进剂燃速用靶线法燃速仪测定。HMX和各种催化剂在使用前均经过烘干处理。催化剂过100目筛。 相似文献
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In situ formed TiB2 particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (TiB2/Al MMCs) have some extraordinary properties which make them be a promising material for high performance aero-engine blade. Due to the influence of TiB2 particles, the machinability is still a problem which restricts the application of TiB2/Al MMCs. In order to meet the industrial requirements, the influence of TiB2 particles on the machinability of TiB2/Al MMCs was investigated experimentally. Moreover, the optimal machining conditions for this kind of MMCs were investigated in this study. The major conclusions are: (1) the machining force of TiB2/Al MMCs is bigger than that of non-reinforced alloy and mainly controlled by feed rate; (2) the residual stress of TiB2/Al MMCs is compressive while that of non-reinforced alloy is nearly neutral; (3) the surface roughness of TiB2/Al MMCs is smaller than that of non-reinforced alloy under the same cutting speed, but reverse result was observed when the feed rate increased; (4) a multi-objective optimization model for surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) was established, and a set of optimal parameter combinations of the machining was obtained. The results show a great difference from SiC particle reinforced MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of machining process of this material. 相似文献
11.
Energisation of O+ and O+
2 Ions at Mars: An Analysis of a 3-D Quasi-Neutral Hybrid Model Simulation
E. Kallio A. Fedorov S. Barabash P. Janhunen H. Koskinen W. Schmidt R. Lundin H. Gunell M. Holmström Y. Futaana M. Yamauchi A. Grigoriev J. D. Winningham R. Frahm J. R. Sharber 《Space Science Reviews》2006,126(1-4):39-62
We have studied the loss of O+ and O+
2 ions at Mars with a numerical model. In our quasi-neutral hybrid model ions (H+, He++, O+, O+
2) are treated as particles while electrons form a massless charge-neutralising fluid. The employed model version does not
include the Martian magnetic field resulting from the crustal magnetic anomalies. In this study we focus the Martian nightside
where the ASPERA instrument on the Phobos-2 spacecraft and recently the ASPERA-3 instruments on the Mars Express spacecraft
have measured the proprieties of escaping atomic and molecular ions, in particular O+ and O+
2 ions. We study the ion velocity distribution and how the escaping planetary ions are distributed in the tail. We also create
similar types of energy-spectrograms from the simulation as were obtained from ASPERA-3 ion measurements. We found that the
properties of the simulated escaping planetary ions have many qualitative and quantitative similarities with the observations
made by ASPERA instruments. The general agreement with the observations suggest that acceleration of the planetary ions by
the convective electric field associated with the flowing plasma is the key acceleration mechanism for the escaping ions observed
at Mars. 相似文献
12.
Degradation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) caused by calcium-magnesium-alumina-silica (CMAS) glassy penetration is becoming an urgent issue for TBCs industrial applications. In this work, yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12, YAG) nano-powders were synthesized through a chemical co-precipitation route. The resistance of YAG ceramic to glassy CMAS infiltration at 1250?°C was evaluated. YAG ceramic bulk sintered at 1700?°C for 10?h was comprised of a single garnet-type Y3Al5O12 phase. The molten CMAS glass was suppressed on the surface of the YAG ceramic at 1250?°C. A chemical reaction between YAG and the molten CMAS glass did not occur at 1250?°C for 24?h, suggesting that YAG could act as an impermeable material against glassy CMAS deposits in the TBC field. 相似文献
13.
Effects of Hybrid Voltages on Oxide Formation on 6061 Al-alloys During Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Kai Wang Bon Heun Koo Chan Gyu Lee Young Joo Kim Sunghun Lee Eungsun Byon 《中国航空学报》2009,22(5):564-568
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is carried out on 6061 Al-alloys in a weak alkaline electrolyte containing NaOH, Na2SiO3 and NaCl. Centered on the correlation of composition and structure, analyses by means of X-ray diffration (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are conducted on the specimens, which have been PEO-treated under hybrid voltages of different direct current (DC) values (140-280 V) with constant alternate current (AC) amplitude (200 V). Attention is paid to the composition, properties and growth mechanism of oxide layers formed with hybrid voltages. Moreover, the main effects of DC value are discussed. Ceramic layers with a double-layer structure which combines hard outer and soft inner layers are found to be consist of α-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3 and mullite. With the DC values increasing, the growth of the ceramic layers tends to have increasingly obvious three-stage feature. 相似文献
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首次采用共熔法制备超高温陶瓷基复合材料,三个样品初始组分分别为ZrB_2与鳞片石墨,ZrB_2、TaB_2、SiC及鳞片石墨,ZrB_2、MoSi_2与鳞片石墨。研究结果表明,共熔法制备的复合材料中各相分散均匀,产物中的石墨高度有序,石墨层间距分别为0.335 4、0.335 9与0.337 7 nm,且三者的微晶厚度分别为63.4、51.5及68.7 nm,拉曼光谱结果表明硼已经掺杂进入了石墨的网格结构。所制得的超高温陶瓷基复合材料样品中均存在一定的孔隙率,且制备的超高温陶瓷基复合材料的热导率较低。该方法为一种新型、快速、一步法制备超高温陶瓷基复合材料工艺。 相似文献
16.
《中国航空学报》2019,32(8):2017-2027
A hydrophobic coating of the silica fiber reinforced silica composites (SiO2f/SiO2) was synthesized by sol-gel method using methyltriethoxy-silane (MTES) and boric acid (B(OH)3) as raw materials. The relationship among boron doping, chemical structure of precursors and durability of hydrophobic coatings was discussed. The Si-O-B and methyl groups were successfully introduced in the gel precursors according to the FT-IR and XPS results. The resins were filled in the internal and surface holes of the SiO2f/SiO2 composites partially or completely, which is beneficial to reduce the physical adsorption of the moisture. In addition, hydroxyl groups of the SiO2f/SiO2 composites reacted with the resins and hydrophobic methyl groups were introduced, leading to the reduction of the chemical adsorption of water. Also, the boron doping was beneficial to enhancing the physical cross-linking between the coating and the SiO2f/SiO2 composites, and improved the adhesion of the coating to the substrate. The results show that the optimal hydrophobic coating with contact angle 130.33°, moisture absorption 0.33% and adhesion level 1 is obtained when the molar ratio of MTES to B(OH)3 is 10:4. The real permittivity of M10B4 is constant in the range of 2.32–2.51 and the dielectric tangent loss is constant in the range of 5.5 × 10−4–8.7 × 10−3. The hydrophobic coating has excellent dielectric properties. 相似文献
17.
基于Al2O3/ZrO2(n)微纳米复合陶瓷的“晶内型”微观结构,应用原子力显微镜(AFM)重点分析了微 纳米复合陶瓷二维超声振动磨削表面微观形貌。结合磨削表面X射线衍射定性分析与定量计算,研究了“晶内型”微纳米复合陶瓷材料超精密振动磨削表面变质层结构。X射线衍射分析表明:二维振动磨削和普通磨削表面均以α-Al2O3和四方相ZrO2为主,存在少量单斜相ZrO2,磨削表面无非晶相产生;磨削表层和基体之间的过渡层的X射线衍射峰具有半峰宽化现象。AFM分析结果表明:细粒度金刚石砂轮普通磨削和振动磨削表面均无微裂纹和断裂破碎,磨削表面粗糙度是由不同幅值的多种波形叠加的结果;AFM轮廓特征分析表明:二维超声振动磨削表面峰谷较均匀,磨削表面均匀一致性优于普通磨削表面;材料晶化过程中产生的固有缺陷是限制硬脆材料近纳米表面形成的重要因素。 相似文献
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石英纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料是一种非均匀的各向异性材料,采用传统铣削方法对其进行加工时存在刀具磨损严重、切削力较大、加工效率低等问题。为此本文采用超低温冷却铣削方法对石英纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料进行铣削实验,并与传统干铣削方式进行了对比,分析了包括加工表面形貌、粗糙度、切削力和刀具磨损等切削性能。结果表明:两种工况下,表面粗糙度随主轴转速的提高而降低,随切深的增加呈先降低后增大趋势;相对于干铣削,不同切削速度下超低温冷却铣削有效抑制了低速干铣削纤维起毛、高速干铣削黏结剂烧蚀缺陷,表面质量都得到改善,刀具耐用度得到提高。超低温冷却引起的复合材料切削力增大,纤维断屑方式的改变以及切削热的有效降低是提高加工质量的主要原因。 相似文献
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将求解多级轴流压气机特性的S2正问题计算程序集成在ISIGHT优化软件上,构建压气机S2正问题气动性能优化平台.针对某4级轴流压气机,通过调整沿径向截面的叶栅弯角、叶栅稠度、叶型最大相对厚度等参数,考核设计几何参数对S2正问题计算效率目标函数的影响程度,择优选取设计参数作为优化变量,建立响应面模型,结合遗传算法,对目标函数进行优化.结果显示压气机特性整体提高,设计点压比增加19.6%,效率提高4.66%,折合转速1.0下的稳定裕度增大到22.32%,验证了构建优化平台在压气机气动设计中的实用价值,可供内流叶轮机气动性能优化设计参考. 相似文献