余度舵机系统的性能降级与可靠性分析

余度舵机是电传飞控系统的关键部件,其通道间存在着较严重的力纷争现象。在建立四余度舵机数学模型的基础上,研究了力均衡算法,对四余度舵机一次故障、二次故障情况下的性能降级和可靠性进行了仿真分析。仿真结果标明,优化的力均衡算法可以有效解决力纷争的问题,四余度舵机可以在一次故障、二次故障的情况下持续工作。采用动态故障树分析方法进行了四余度舵机可靠性分析,证明了其具有非常高的可靠性。     

Fault Tolerant Computer System for the A129 Helicopter

The A129 integrated multiplex system (IMS) is a highly reliable computer system designed to implement automatic flight control, navigation, system monitoring, and other flight-critical and mission related tasks. The reliability of the IMS has been achieved through the development of hardware-implemented and software implemented fault-tolerance techniques which exploit several unique architectural and hardware characteristics. This paper describes the fault-tolerance design philosophy, the IMS architecture, the fault detection and fault recovery techniques, and the hardware and software structures. Also presented is a Markov reliability analysis which was used to quantify the reliability of the system.     

导弹飞控系统可靠性仿真研究

提出了在几种主要因素影响下进行飞控系统性能和可靠性一体化分析的方法。建立了风、结构误差(包括弹体质量分布不对称、弹体不同轴、翼面安装角误差和舵面机械零位误差)、推力偏心和硬件故障等因素的扰动模型,给出了可靠性仿真的方法、实施步骤、具体算法流程和相关可靠性指标的计算公式。以某型导弹飞控系统作为案例,进行了大量仿真,分析了风等因素对该系统可靠性的影响。通过算例证明,所建立的扰动模型和可靠性分析方法是正确的。     

Reliability and safety analysis of redundant vehicle management computer system

Redundant techniques are widely adopted in vehicle management computer （VMC） to ensure that VMC has high reliability and safety. At the same time, it makes VMC have special characteristics, e.g., failure correlation, event simultaneity, and failure self-recovery. Accordingly, the reliability and safety analysis to redundant VMC system （RVMCS） becomes more difficult. Aimed at the difficulties in RVMCS reliability modeling, this paper adopts generalized stochastic Petri nets to establish the reliability and safety models of RVMCS. Then this paper analyzes RVMCS oper- ating states and potential threats to flight control system. It is verified by simulation that the reli- ability of VMC is not the product of hardware reliability and software reliability, and the interactions between hardware and software faults can reduce the real reliability of VMC obviously. Furthermore, the failure undetected states and false alarming states inevitably exist in RVMCS due to the influences of limited fault monitoring coverage and false alarming probability of fault mon- itoring devices （FMD）. RVMCS operating in some failure undetected states will produce fatal threats to the safety of flight control system. RVMCS operating in some false alarming states will reduce utility of RVMCS obviously. The results abstracted in this paper can guide reliable VMC and efficient FMD designs. The methods adopted in this paper can also be used to analyze other intelligent systems＇ reliability.     

基于VXI总线的某型飞机地面检测系统的设计实现

介绍了一种基于VXI总线的某型飞机地面自动测试系统的设计与实现过程。详细论述了该系统的硬件结构和在LabWindows/CVI环境下的软件模块化设计。该系统具有操纵简便、测试速度快、精度高、可靠性高和系统开放等特点,在部队外场恶劣的工作环境中运行良好、性能稳定。     

PLC在货车轴承清洗机中的应用

设计了一种新型铁路货车轴承清洗机的清洗工艺过程，开发实施了清洗机的控制系统。着重阐述了用PLC对其运行过程进行自动检测的应用情况，并结合实际设备分析了PLC控制系统的硬件构成和软件特点。现场实际应用的结果表明，设备具有清洗效果良好、自动化程度高、运行稳定可靠等特点。     

基于GSPN的机载液压作动系统可靠性模型

机载液压系统具有余度降级、故障检测、隔离等动态时序过程,传统基于两元可靠性模型很难描述其动态行为和性能降级过程.针对这一问题,采用分层聚类和广义随机Petri网相结合建立了机载液压系统可靠性模型.利用该模型,详细分析了故障检测装置的故障检测率对系统可靠性的影响.分析结果表明,由于故障检测装置故障检测率的影响,机载液压作...     

基于模型的设计综合方法在综合数据管理系统中的应用

本文介绍了Harmony的基于模型的设计综合方法,并采用该方法对综合数据管理系统进行设计综合.其设计综合流程包括:架构分析、架构设计和详细架构设计.对每个阶段的活动及其产物进行了描述,并给出了每个阶段在实际系统中的应用结果,最后说明了设计综合阶段完成后应给后续软硬件开发人员的交付物.应用结果表明,该设计综合方法能较好地衔接系统功能分析和软硬件开发阶段,并能基于模型对系统架构进行设计综合及验证,增强了系统设计综合结果的可靠性.     

胚胎电子细胞阵列中空闲细胞的配置

空闲细胞是胚胎电子细胞阵列(EECA)实现自修复的前提,空闲细胞越多,系统的可靠性越高,但过多的空闲细胞也将带来巨大的硬件资源消耗。在航空航天等领域,电子系统追求高可靠性的同时,硬件资源消耗也必须考虑,为优化胚胎电子细胞阵列中空闲细胞的配置,以阵列可靠性和硬件资源消耗为出发点,将多态系统理论引入到阵列的可靠性分析中,优化可靠性计算模型。针对经典胚胎电子细胞阵列,在不同自修复策略下,仿真并分析阵列的可靠性、硬件资源消耗与空闲细胞配置的关系。根据研究结果制定了不同自修复方式下空闲细胞的配置方法,同时兼顾可靠性和硬件资源消耗的要求。同时,研究了确定规模的胚胎电子细胞阵列自修复方式的选择方法。本文研究成果对推动胚胎电子细胞阵列的实际应用具有重要的意义。     

Remaining useful life prediction for engineering systems under dynamic operational conditions: A semi-Markov decision process-based approach

For critical engineering systems such as aircraft and aerospace vehicles, accurate Remaining Useful Life(RUL) prediction not only means cost saving, but more importantly, is of great significance in ensuring system reliability and preventing disaster. RUL is affected not only by a system's intrinsic deterioration, but also by the operational conditions under which the system is operating. This paper proposes an RUL prediction approach to estimate the mean RUL of a continuously degrading system under dynamic operational conditions and subjected to condition monitoring at short equi-distant intervals. The dynamic nature of the operational conditions is described by a discrete-time Markov chain, and their influences on the degradation signal are quantified by degradation rates and signal jumps in the degradation model. The uniqueness of our proposed approach is formulating the RUL prediction problem in a semi-Markov decision process framework, by which the system mean RUL can be obtained through the solution to a limited number of equations. To extend the use of our proposed approach in real applications, different failure standards according to different operational conditions are also considered. The application and effectiveness of this approach are illustrated by a turbofan engine dataset and a comparison with existing results for the same dataset.     

Sustainment of legacy automatic test systems: lessons learned on TPS transportability

Sustainment of legacy automatic test systems (ATS) saves cost through the re-use of software and hardware. The ATS consists of the automatic test equipment (ATE), the test program sets (TPSs), and associated software. The associated software includes the architecture the TPSs run on, known as the control software or test station test executive. In some cases, to sustain the legacy ATS, it is more practical to develop a replacement ATE with the latest instrumentation, often in the form of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software. The existing TPSs, including their hardware and test programs, then need to be transported, or translated, to the new test station. In order to understand how to sustain a legacy ATS by translating TPSs, one must realize the full architecture of the legacy ATS to be replaced. It must be understood that TPS transportability does not only include translating the original TPS from an existing language (such as ATLAS) to a new language (such as "C") to run on a new test station, but includes transporting the run-time environment created by the legacy ATS. This paper examines the similarities and differences of legacy ATE and modern COTS ATE architectures, how the ATS testing philosophy impacts the ease of TPS transportability from legacy ATE to modern-day platforms, and what SEI has done to address the issues that arise out of TPS transportability.     

基于DSP的航空发电机检测电路的设计

飞机发电机控制器是飞机电源系统的重要组成部分,文中设计了以TMS320LF2407A DSP芯片为核心处理器的航空交流发电机数字控制器的检测电路,可以实现交流采样、同步信号检测等功能,该电路有助于简化发电机控制器的硬件结构,提高发电机数字控制器的抗干扰能力和可靠性。     

电磁继电器、接触器可靠性试验系统的硬件设计

本文论述了电磁继电器、接触器可靠性试验系统的结构、功能及特点。描述了试验系统的硬件设计及相应的元器件选取原则；阐述了系统实现控制的方法。     

Next generation functional test program development system

While superior-quality functional board test has been a goal for most high reliability electronics manufacturers, the time and effort for generating such test programs using today's tools and processes makes this difficult to achieve in a cost effective manner. This paper will introduce a revolutionary approach to functional board test program development that combines the comprehensiveness of software-based simulation with the speed and simplicity of hardware emulation. The result is a functional Test Program Set development system that can produce high fault coverage, diagnostic test programs in a fraction of the time it takes using traditional techniques, and at a lower unit cost. In this paper we will first provide a brief background on the strengths and weaknesses of current software and hardware TPS development techniques-simulation hot mock-up. Next, the new approach is described in detail and contrasted against the existing techniques. Finally, actual experience to date using a prototyped system is presented     

石英挠性加速度计的电阻尼设计

石英挠性加速度计在低气压环境下使用时, 可能因为漏气而出现失效问 题,分析了加速度计表头在真空状态下会出现的振荡现象,提出了可以在系统内增加电 阻尼环节来应对该问题,电阻尼环节由加速度计伺服电路中增加的内环路来实现,内环 路中的微分环节可以等效为系统的阻尼项。进而通过计算机模拟仿真和具体硬件实现后 的动态比较测试,验证了电阻尼设计的可行性,证明该方法确实能够有效提高仪表的可 靠性。     

波音777飞机高升力控制系统余度管理分析

飞行控制系统普遍采用余度技术来提高自身的任务可靠性。余度部件效能的发挥程度主要取决于余度管理策略和方法。根据波音777飞机高升力控制系统的基本构架,通过在线监控与信号表决相结合的方法对系统余度管理方法进行研究。在余度管理方法的设计过程中,充分考虑了布线技术、硬件设计技术及与软件相结合的方法,不但简化了襟缝翼控制器的硬件设计,同时也简化了控制器软件的设计难度,提高了系统可靠性,所用到的方法对同类系统设计有一定的参考价值。     

某型军机军械火控系统自动测试仪的设计与研究

传统的机载火控系统性能测试技术含量低,不能满足现代战争的需要.为提高部队的快速反应能力,研制了一种基于VXI总线技术组建的机载火控系统自动测试,并给出了测试仪的硬件配置和在Lab Windows/CVI环境下的软件模块化设计方案及实现方法.机载火控系统自动测试仪的研制,为部队战时或训练现场实时测试机载火控系统的主要性能提供了方便.     

基于ARM的CAN通信系统的设计与实现

CAN总线是一种多主方式的串行总线.本文设计实现了基于高级RISC处理器(ARM)的CAN协议通信系统,具有高抗干扰性和良好的实时性,应用简单、可靠性高、开发成本低.本文详细介绍了该系统的硬件设计,软件设计,以及通信测试结果.     

PIC16F877实现CAN总线分布式数据采集系统

叙述了一种采用CAN总线通信来实现分布式数据采集的设计方法;介绍了用PIC16F877通过SPI方式直接对MCP2510进行操作,与带智能适配卡的PC机实现CAN通信,并对CAN控制器MCP2510作了分析;给出了系统结构框图与部分硬件图,以及给出了软件设计思路。该基于CAN总线的分布式数据采集系统是一种高可靠性、实时性的系统。     

应用设计过程的胚胎硬件细胞单元粒度优化方法

胚胎硬件的高可靠性主要由新颖的硬件体系和细胞电路结构来保障,缺乏应用设计过程的可靠性提高方法研究。分析了在应用设计过程中可调的胚胎硬件可靠性影响因素,针对细胞单元粒度不同会导致细胞面积变化从而影响细胞阵列可靠性的实际情况,对传统可靠性模型无法体现细胞面积变化的不足进行了改进,建立了新的可靠性模型。通过实例分析,总结出不同细胞单元粒度情况下的细胞阵列可靠性变化规律,进而给出细胞单元粒度优化选择方法,设计者基于该方法不需设计完整电路就能确定自身设计能力范围内获得最大可靠性的细胞单元粒度。