飞机飞控系统指令异构力传感器技术研究

为了提升国内装备飞机飞控系统研制的适航安全性水平，对力传感器进行了设计技术和试验应用数据研究，提出了采用力传感器对飞控系统的位移指令进行异构的设计思路。通过梳理飞机的需求和力传感器的使用情况，明确了典型力传感器的工作原理；针对某型飞机飞控系统典型力传感器的应用形式，对比指令位移传感器的数据，分析了其数据的特点，提出了飞控系统指令采用力传感器的数据处理方法；通过进一步提炼应用力传感器相关特点，明确其作为飞控系统非相似指令的应用需求，提升飞机系统的总体性能，为国内研发高安全性飞机提供借鉴。     

补偿传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中的应用

电容式传感器测量技术是现代飞机燃油油量测量的关键技术之一.随着现代航空技术的发展,对燃油测量精度的要求越来越高.通过对电容式传感器工作原理的介绍,分析出电容式补偿传感器的引入可消除温度变化带来的测量误差,提高飞机燃油测量系统的测量精度和可靠性.同时给出了补偿传感器在传统模拟式燃油测量系统和现代数字式燃油测量系统的应用.     

智能化多传感器管理系统的设计和仿真

根据机载多传感器管理需求,提出了基于机载多传感器数据融合技术的智能化多传感器管理系统体系结构,并阐述了该系统的功能、系统设计原则和方法。采用商用货价产品技术(COTS)构建原型仿真平台,对提出的多传感器管理系统体系结构进行原型仿真,验证了该设计的有效性。     

基于数据融合技术的多导航传感器性能评价系统研究

试飞是对导航传感器性能进行评价的有效手段.为克服仅采用单一导航传感器作为评价基准的缺陷,提出了基于数据融合技术的多导航传感器性能评价方法及其系统实现.设计的多导航传感器性能评价系统融合了卡尔曼滤波、最优固定区间平滑滤波、最小二乘加权等多导航传感器数据融合算法,在分析上述融合算法特点及使用的基础上,从信息流的角度出发,设计并实现了相应的多导航传感器性能评价系统.给出了评价系统的主要功能模块的设计与实现.还通过仿真数据对评价系统的功能和性能进行了测试,测试结果表明评价系统能准确地实现对导航传感器性能的评价.     

惯性/视觉/激光雷达SLAM技术综述CSCD

同时定位与建图(SLAM)技术已广泛应用于各类自主移动平台中,其中视觉SLAM和激光雷达SLAM是两种主要的SLAM技术方案。然而,视觉SLAM系统易受视觉环境变化的影响,而激光雷达SLAM系统则在结构单一等环境中会出现精度退化甚至失效的情况。随着智能移动平台应用场景的不断拓展,对SLAM系统的精度和鲁棒性等提出了更高要求,将多种具有互补性的传感器进行融合是提升SLAM系统性能的有效途径。据此,聚焦惯性/视觉/激光雷达多传感器融合SLAM技术,从多传感器标定和多源数据融合两个主要方面进行综述,最后对多传感器融合SLAM技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于危险模式的无线传感器网络IDS模型

网络安全是无线传感器网络需要解决的重要问题之一,构建基于传感器网络的入侵检测系统是其中重要的技术.简要阐述了基于人工免疫模型及危险模式的入侵检测系统的机理,提出了一种基于危险模式理论的无线传感器网络的入侵检测系统体系结构,并对该模型的特点进行了分析,为进一步深入的研究提出了设想.     

多传感器数据融合在空间目标跟踪中的基本应用

现代防空系统面临的威胁是不断变化的。航空、航天和电子战技术的发展构成了新的空间作战环境。随着空间进攻战术的发展，为了对空间环境作出更好的判断，需要多传感器组网并采用数据融合技术的防空作战系统。数据融合是多源信息处理的一项新技术，将数据融合技术引入了多传感器目标跟踪系统能提高系统的整体性能，可以使系统发挥最大的潜力。本文首先分析研究了传感器网之间的各种融合方法的特性和共性。在此基础上，研究了融合算法的一个具体应用。     

航空红外与夜视技术的新发展

红外夜视传感器技术已由第一代发展到第四代,第三代红外传感器不久将投入使用。本文介绍第二至第四代红外传感器的研制和应用,Lan-tirn系统的改进,诺斯罗普·格鲁门公司研制的多功能成像红外传感器系统和图像增强夜视技术的发展。     

飞机结构健康监控中的信息获取技术

简要概述了飞机结构健康监控系统的概念和作用法，包括lamb波、智能夹层、光纤Bragg光栅传感器、电位后展望了健康监控系统关键技术的发展。重点阐述和讨论了结构健康监控系统的技术原理和方声发射、天线传感器、机电阻抗、应变和应力等，最     

压气机进口压力畸变场测试用传感器实时校准系统研究

介绍了压气机进口压力畸变场测试用传感器实时校准系统的技术要点、系统构成和校测结果。表明采用该系统后，能在保证测试精度前提下节省测压系统经费，适用于压力传感器多，量程一致的的压力测试中。     

一种鼻锥钝化高超声速轴对称进气道流动特性实验

前缘钝化尺度是高超声速进气道设计中的关键参数。针对一种前体锥加弯曲压缩面的高超声速轴对称进气道,选取最大尺度为3.2mm(5%唇缘半径)的几种典型鼻锥钝化半径,在马赫数Ma=6来流,及模型安装攻角为0°、4°、7°的条件下开展鼻锥钝化尺度对进气道流动性能影响的实验研究。采用纹影拍摄及压力测量记录各来流条件下进气道前体流场结构及壁面压强分布,并在无攻角来流条件下利用微型扰流器进行边界层强制转捩研究。结果表明,对无攻角来流而言,即使是尺度高达3.2mm的钝化半径对进气道前体流场结构及壁面静压分布也基本没有影响。此来流条件下,几种不同鼻锥钝化半径的前体压缩面均出现小范围流动分离,而添加扰流器后该分离区均消失。钝化尺度的影响随着攻角的增加而显现,尽管不同鼻锥钝化尺度下迎风面流场及壁面压强分布几乎没有差别,但背风面随钝化尺度增大表现为边界层明显增厚、流动趋于不稳定。其中最大钝化尺度R=3.2mm的构型在4°攻角来流时背风面即出现明显的分离区,而7°攻角来流时背风面更是出现大范围流动分离、进气道背风侧不起动,并导致进气道内部壁面压强显著下降。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

Adaptive Sliding Control of Six-DOF Flight Simulator Motion Platform

本文使用Newton-Euler法推导了六自由度飞行模拟器运动平台完整的线性化形式的动力学方程,并以此为基础,提出了一种在任务空间中的非线性自适应滑模控制方法。这种控制方法将系统中的不确定性分为定常不确定参数和时变不确定参数,利用非线性自适应控制对定常不确定参数进行辨识,同时结合滑模控制对时变不确定参数和外部扰动进行补偿。通过数值仿真分析表明,该控制策略能准确识别运动平台的载荷、惯量、重心等参数,同时又能有效地提高系统的鲁棒性能。     

航天器返回地球的气动特性综述

航天器返回地球的飞行过程中,气动特性是实现将宇宙飞行速度减到落地前速度、保证再入飞行得到有效控制以及再入防热安全可靠的关键因素。针对简单旋成体气动外形、半弹道式再入控制、烧蚀防热类返回航天器,综述了返回地球过程中变化的空气流域特性、航天器周围的气体绕流环境、空气与航天器作用产生的动力学与热效应等。系统地给出了该类航天器的再入气动特性参数与飞行性能的共性规律,包括:气动阻力与再入减速、气动升力与再入轨迹控制、配平攻角与飞行稳定性、气动加热与防热,以及再入过程中不同气动特性航天器、气象条件变化等对再入飞行性能的影响规律。为航天器开展返回飞行过程的跨流域气动性能工程研制提供设计参考。     

Investigation of Formation Process of the Chrome-free Passivation Film of Electrodeposited Zinc

The feasibility was investigated to substitute chrome-free passivation treatment of electrodeposited zinc in a titanium bath for chromate passivation treatment. The formation mechanism of the chrome-free passivation film was further analyzed. The surface mor- phologies and the elemental compositions of the treated samples with varied immersion times were observed by scanning electron mi- croscopy (SEM) and determined by energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS), respectively. The electrode potential of the sample surface was recorded in the film formation process. The changes of the electrode potential are in accordance with that of SEM and EDS of the sample surface. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the chrome-free passivation film composed of ZnO, SiO2, TiO2, Zn4Si2O7(OH)2, and SrF2. The anode zinc dissolution and the local pH value increase due to the cathode hydrogen ion reduction process result in the formation of the chrome-free passivation film. The macro-images of the chrome-free passivation films formed on electrodeposited zinc show that the color of the film changes from blue to iridescence with the increase of the immersion times.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

基于H∞性能指标的质量矩拦截弹鲁棒控制

 以所建立的质量矩拦截弹数学模型为基础，利用微分几何的反馈线性化理论，得到一个解耦线性系统，考虑到拦截弹的鲁棒性要求和3个滑块的协调控制问题，提出采用双回路的设计方法，内回路采用线性二次调节器（LQR），外回路采用考虑混合灵敏度问题的H_∞控制设计。仿真结果证明了该方法动态性能满足设计要求，同时对系统参数的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

复合固体推进剂和胶粘剂的固化剂交联范围

固化剂的当量比为反应初始时总固化剂基团数对总粘合剂基团数之比,它是决定复合固体推进剂和胶粘剂性能的重要参数.本文根据聚合物结构的网络理论导得了固化剂交联范围预测关系式.大量实践结果表明:当固化聚合物形成网络结构时,所有的当量值均在交联范围内,该范围比预聚物粘合剂的凝胶化范围要窄.