Comments on "on Probability of Error in Decision Feedback Equalizer"

The above-mentioned paper [1] derives bounds on the error probability of a decision feedback equalizer (DFE) which are claimed to be significantly tighter than the earlier upper bound of [2]. Unfortunately, [1] makes an unsupportable assumption which reddars the conclusions incorrect. We show that valid bounds can be obtained by the methods of [1], but that for the numerical example of [2] , the resulting upper bound is never tighter than, and sometimes significantly weaker than, that derived in [2]. Similarly, a lower bound derived by the method of [1] is shown for the same numerical example to be very close to the error-free past lower bound previously known.     

Further Results on Multipath Angle Error Reduction Using Multiple-Target Methods

The two-target technique proposed by the author in an earlier paper [1] for reducing radar multipath angle tracking errors has been simulated on a digital computer assuming an actual closed-loop system. When tracking with noise, the technique provides angle error performance which compares quite favorably with the expected performance given in [1] Furthermore, the large bias errors usually encountered in normal monopulse systems at low elevation angles are removed. Results of typical tracks are given, both for the method of [1], and for a modified version of the method which applies primarily to shipboard radar systems. Some results on loss of lock are also presented.     

Sensitivity Analysis of Finite-Lag Receivers

This paper presents the sensitivity analysis of a class of receivers called finite-lag receivers, introduced by the authors in [1] through [3]. Since these receivers are based on the use of fixed-lag smoothing techniques, algorithms for the calculation of large-scale and small-scale sensitivities of fixed-lag smoothing are derived using a state augmentation approach. Steady-state analysis of these algorithms shows that an explicit relation can be obtained between sensitivity coefficients of fixed-lag smoothing and filtering. The specific case of sensitivity to variations in the measurement (channel) noise is considered as an example. These results are applied to study the sensitivity performance of the finite-lag receivers for analog communication. It is shown, for example, that finite-lag receivers for AM signals, besides being superior in performance [1]-[3], [11], in terms of output SNR or error variance, are also much less sensitive to the additive noise power level, compared to zero-lag receivers.     

剩余柔度模态与附着模态在模态综合法中的等价性

在早期的模态综合法中,引起计算误差的主要原因是由于截去了高阶模态。文献[1～4]从不同角度揭示,剩余柔度模态和附着模态可以有效地补偿这种截断误差。在此基础上,已派生出两类新的自由界面模态综合法。第一类方法的特点是将子结构位移用自由界面模态与剩余柔度模态来表示,第二类方法的特点是用自由界面模态与附着模态来表示子结构位移。本文将指出,这两类方法是等价的。其等价性表现在剩余柔度模态与附着模态可以相互替换而不影响模态综合的最终结果。本文将以文献[4]提出的方法为例来证明该等价性,并在文末给出一个数值算例。     

复合材料层板等强最优设计方法

 本文对复合材料无矩对称层板的最优设计,提出了一种概念直观、方法简便、收敛迅速、效果较好的等强最优设计方法。给出了几个算例的结果,并与文献[1、2]的方法作了对比,结果表明,本文的方法具有显著的优越性。     

Analysis of friction and heat flux on a sphere in the turbulent supersonic flow

The results of calculating the heat flux and local friction coefficient at the supersonic velocities of a flow past an impermeable spherical surface are presented for the case when the viscosity-temperature dependence is determined according to the Sutherland law. The mathematical model of a turbulent boundary layer for compressible gas [1, 2] is used. The heat flux and local friction coefficient are analyzed assuming that the turbulence regime starts from a critical point. Use is made of Dorodnitsyn’s method of generalized integral relations [3]. The results of computational experiments are compared with the data of [1, 4].     

随机声载荷时域信号门限自回归模型研究

利用航空发动机燃烧室噪声测试数据[1],采用门限自回归分析方法建立随机声载荷门限自回归模型SETAR(2;2;30,30),得到令人满意结果,并将拟合和预测均方误差与文献[1]非门限的自回归滑动平均模型ARMA(17,16)的结果进行了比较.     

Identical Steady-State Results for a Kalman Tracker

It is shown that the analytical results presented in [2, 3] for determining the steady state gain and error covariance matrices of the two state Kalman tracker [1] are identical although they appear to be different.     

Logarithmic Compression of Digitally Telemetered Data

To express a number using true logarithmic compression, at least B = log2 [log R log(1 + Q/100 1 - Q/100/)] bits are required. (R = dynamic range, Q = ±error percent.) True logarithmic compression is rarely used in practice, but quasi-logarithmic methods such as normalized floating-point format are used frequently. A partially unnormalized floating-point format provides the best performance in the case of digital data. For this method B = log2 [100 log2 (4R Q/l00 Q 1 - Q/100)]-1. This paper contains analytical and graphical results that facilitate comparison of the various systems.     

叶片空间造型的计算几何方法

 本文把新近发展起来的计算几何中的几种典型方法（包括Bézier曲面、B样条曲面和Bézier-B样条混合曲面等）,同航空发动机叶片空间造型结合起来,形成一套计算机辅助叶片外形设计的新方法。扭曲叶片由三二次混合曲面片拼接而成,型面有完整的数学模型。因此有利于叶片三元流场性能和有限元强度计算分析以及与数控加工相结合。实例表明该方法简单、灵活、计算量小,对大弯度叶片设计亦行之有效。     

用新元件的磁敏固态传感器

 本文在文献〔1〕的基础上采用国产新型磁敏元件——磁敏二极管互补对和磁敏三极管,做成四种新的磁敏固态传感器:（1）单磁敏三极管传感器;（2）磁敏二极管互补对传感器;（3）磁敏二极管与磁敏三极管组合传感器;（4）双磁敏二极管对的桥式传感器。文中示出四种传感器的实用电路图。同时,对四种性能的传感器都进行了性能测试和分析比较。这四种传感器在多用途、通用性和低速性能几方面都优于文献〔4～7〕中介绍的传感器。     

Damper Bars and Their Influence in Operating Homopolar Inductor Alternators for Aerospace Supplies?Part I: Determination of Saturated Time-Dependent Reactances

The commutating impedance of homopolar alternators of medium frequency, as described by Trutt and Erdélyi [1], has to be kept at a low value in order to enable the various arrangements made up from solid-state elements to convert frequencies of 3500 Hz to the usual 400 or 60 Hz used in aerospace supplies. This can be achieved by fitting damping devices into homopolar inductor alternators. To study theoretically the effect of these devices, the inductances of the various windings must be known. This problem is treated here. For this purpose, the two-dimensional model of the alternator and the vector potential analysis of the cross section (as shown by Schenk et al. [2]) is used. Because of the varying position of the stator winding with respect to the rotor teeth, these reactances are time-dependent, and the coefficients of the differential equations describing the commutating (subtransient) regime are time-varying. The calculations were carried out for a 95-kVA, 115/200 V, 5 rotor teeth, 3400-Hz homopolar inductor alternator. The air gap of the alternator was 0.030 inch. Detailed data of the homopolar inductor alternator are in [1] and [6].     

有1的结合环的交换性

本文证明了有１的结合环的两个交换性定理，推广了Ｇｉｒｉ．Ｒ．Ｄ等人在参考文献１中的结果。     

A General Steepest Descent Algorithm

The following paper derives a general gradient process for extremization ion by imposing an " exponential decay" condition on the controlled variable. The general process is applied to two adaptive linear filter problems; a sonar application by Widrow [3] and a radar problem of Brennan & Reed [4]. The results are discussed in sections 11 and Ill, respectively. A central feature of the Fletcher-Powell process [1] is a matrix modification algorithm due to Davidon [2]. It is shown in Appendix A that this algorithm may be derived using the same exponential condition imposed on the proper error term.     

On the Sensitivity of a Fixed-Point Smoothing Algorithm

This paper presents a simple approach to the derivation of sensitivity measures of smoothing algorithms. It is proposed that the known sensitivity results of the Kalman filtering algorithm be utilized along with the state augmentation approach for this purpose. The sensitivity measures so obtained are easier to compute than the ones available in the literature. It is then shown that the fixed-point smoothing algorithm, derived recently by Biswas and Mahalanabis [1], [2], is less sensitive to model parameter variations than the algorithm studied by Griffin and Sage [7], [8]. The case of a satellite tracking problem is presented by way of illustrating the results.     

Determination of Measurement Limits to Optimize Production Losses

The dollar consequence functions associated with consumer's and producer's risks are developed and optimized through use of computer technology. The bivariate normal distribution is used to compute the probabilities resulting from establishment of test limits inside or outside of specffication limits after the manner of Grubbs and Coon [1] and Eagle [2]. Methods of application and precautions during use are described. Practical limits on parameters are discussed, but these are shown to exert no mathematical restrictions on the solutions presented.     

高阶消失矩的Hermite三次样条小波

由于消失矩在小波应用中具有重要作用,本文在借鉴Jia和Liu工作的基础上,构造了支集在[-2,2]内具有6阶,7阶消失矩的对称及反对称Hermite三次样条函数峨,峨,并且证明它们的整平移具有如（R）稳定性．首先说明在一定意义下所有支集在内[-1,1],对称和反对称的小波均为Jia所求解小波的常数倍．其次,尝试按照Jia的标准构造支集在[-2,2]上的具有高阶消失矩的小波,遗憾的是它们的整平移不具有稳定性;最后,通过改变了标准,得到了理想的结果。     

马赫数3到7的变比热正冲波的改进解析解及近似解

作者提出的变比热正冲波改进解析解,延伸用于马赫数从3到7情况,求出过冲波后全部气动参数,按马赫数间隔为1列表给出。并附列定比热结果误差。同时提出了只取初温到终温平均比热的单比热比k_(12)近似解,平行列出结果及误差。     

A. M. Hubert and C. Jaschek (eds.), B[e] Stars

The B[e] stars are early type stars with hydrogen emission lines, forbidden [FeII] and [OI] emission lines, and with an IR excess due to circumstellar dust. These properties may occur in stars of quite different evolutionary stages. In fact, the group of B[e] stars is very inhomogeneous, and contains pre-main sequence stars, supergiants with disks, compact planetary nebulae, symbiotic stars, and a group of stars with unclear evolutionary phase. The book gives the proceedings of a workshop in Paris in 1997 in which the properties and evolutionary phases of the B[e] stars are discussed. It contains chapters on: (1) the definition of B[e] stars, (2) distances, kinematics and the distribution in our Galaxy, (3) spectroscopy, (4) infrared properties, (5) photometry, polarimetry and variability, (6) models for winds and disks, (7) evolutionary stages, (8) revised classification of B[e] stars. The book ends with an object list of all B[e] stars. The book is very useful for students and researchers of hot star winds and gives nice overviews of the observations and theories and remaining puzzles of these strange objects with winds and outflowing dust-forming disks. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ti-51.8at%Ni形状记忆合金中Ti_3Ni_4相的析出过程

 用透射电镜系统地研究了Ti-51.8at％Ni形状记忆合金在300～600℃时效时Ti_3Ni_4相的析出过程。结果表明:Ti_3Ni_4相以均匀成核方式从过饱和基体中弥散析出。时效初期,Ti_3Ni_4相为细小颗粒状;随时效时间延长或时效温度升高,Ti_3Ni_4相逐渐长大为透镜片状,最终粗化为粗片状。Ti_3Ni_4相通常与基体保持良好的共格关系,其共格应变场衬度随Ti_3Ni_4相尺寸增大而变化,至Ti_3Ni_4相聚集粗化后,与基体的共格关系逐渐丧失,并在其周围基体中产生位错,位错的柏氏矢量为1/2(111)_(B2)或1/2(111)_(B2)。