共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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计量是国家质量基础的重要组成部分,产品质量的提升离不开科学、精准的计量。工业发达国家极为重视计量测试技术的发展。通过搜集、整理量子效应计量、芯片级计量等国内外大量文献资料,归纳分析了近年来国外先进计量测试技术发展动态与趋势。以量子技术和基本物理常数为基础建立量子计量基标准,将大幅提高测量准确度和稳定性,结合量子效应的微加工技术实现芯片尺度的测量等,微纳尺度计量技术也在科学研究、精密测量、智能制造等领域得到广泛应用。本文可为我国计量技术发展提供借鉴。 相似文献
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运动目标空间位置激光跟踪测量系统新进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
运动目标空间位置激光跟踪测量系统采用激光动态瞄准和激光干涉测距原理以及精密仪器控制技术,对空间运动目标进行跟踪并实时测量其位置和姿态。该系统是国际计量测试领域研究的前沿课题。根据测量原理,将其分为干涉法和三角法。在干涉法中,根据跟踪测量机构的数量分为一站法和多站法;三角法根据使用的跟踪原理分为光学扫描法和经纬仪法。给出了各种测量方法的准确度,并对其优缺点进行了较为详细的评述。 相似文献
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量子技术赋予科学家直接操纵光子的能力,与传统的光辐射体系相比,测量精度得到了飞跃性的提升。但是,这种测量的精度极限在哪里?能否实现准确度更高的测量?针对上述问题,从量子测量理论切入,综述了近年来相关研究对量子测量不确定度极限的探索,并对其中涉及到的具体技术方法给出简明阐述,回顾了与计量学相关的量子光学基本工具和技术,描述实现量子增强光学测量的主要协议和策略,并总结了该领域的主要实验成果和突破。最后,探讨了为推动量子光学计量技术,未来仪器领域应重点发展的重点方向。 相似文献
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北京航天计量测试技术研究所 《宇航计测技术》2007,27(6):1-2
北京航天计量测试技术研究所,隶属中国运载火箭技术研究院,是国防科工委一级计量技术机构,国家计量器具新产品定型鉴定单位和国家校准检测实验室,并建有声学计量测试专业和环境监测与评估专业。伴随航天事业的成长,北京航天计量测试技术研究所已经建立了比较完善的计量保障体系,拥有国内一流的仪器设备和优良的科研环境,基本覆盖了长、热、力、电计量领域的主要参数,其中,力学量计量建有质量与流量、力值、压力、振动、空气声学等专业;几何量计量建有角度校准与检测、量块与万能量具、光学仪器、电动量仪、工程测量等专业;热学量计量建有高… 相似文献
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“2019全国时间频率学术会议”是由四个专业委员会联合每两年举办一次的20周年纪念会。20年来,我国原子钟事业已有长足发展,成为世界上原子钟研制与开发的大国。但总体上说,我们的工作还是以跟随为主,真正属于自主创新的较少。不改变这种局面,我们还难以成为独立自主的时间频率强国,为国家经济和国防建设作出应有贡献。本文回顾了我国原子钟研发的情况,提到一些从基础研究上属于原始创新的案例。阐述了这些案例是在简陋的实验条件下依靠对原子钟内各类实验现象进行深入的物理分析基础上出现的。同时,也指出了在比较粗糙的工艺条件下实现精细的技术指标中能工巧匠所起的特殊作用。文章也约略提到国内各单位间无私协作的崇高精神。本文将讲述一些故事,并就原子钟产业的问题表示一点看法。中国要实现“强国梦”,阻力和困难还很多很艰巨,我们必须拥有丰富的原始创新来加以克服。为此,坚韧的奋斗钻研精神和传统仍不失借鉴与继承意义。 相似文献
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以脉冲星导航技术为背景,讨论了空间计量理论中时间测量的关键问题。首先介绍了脉冲星导航的基本原理,和不同坐标系之间的时间尺度转换,比较了不同坐标系时间轴度规对脉冲星的脉冲轮廓测量的影响,说明只有太阳系质心坐标时能够正确测量脉冲轮廓。进而介绍了空间计量提出的两种时间统一的模式:地球卫星导航模式和脉冲星导航模式。以脉冲星导航为例,讨论了基于SI秒绝对定义和太阳系质心坐标时的广域时间统一的方法,给出用航天器原时坐标轴伸缩法修正多普勒效应的公式。最后提出在大尺度广域时空中构建新的守时系统—太阳系质心守时系统的设计思路。 相似文献
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Davide Loreggia Silvano Fineschi Gerardo Capobianco Alessandro Bemporad Marta Casti Federico Landini Gianalfredo Nicolini Luca Zangrilli Giuseppe Massone Vladimiro Noce Marco Romoli Luca Terenzi Gianluca Morgante Massimiliano Belluso Cedric Thizy Camille Galy Aline Hermans Pierre Franco Luciano Accatino 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(11):3793-3806
PROBA-3 is a space mission of the European Space Agency that will test, and validate metrology and control systems for autonomous formation flying of two independent satellites. PROBA-3 will operate in a High Elliptic Orbit and when approaching the apogee at 6·104 Km, the two spacecraft will align to realize a giant externally occulted coronagraph named ASPIICS, with the telescope on one satellite and the external occulter on the other one, at inter-satellite distance of 144.3 m. The formation will be maintained over 6 hrs across the apogee transit and during this time different validation operations will be performed to confirm the effectiveness of the formation flying metrology concept, the metrology control systems and algorithms, and the spacecraft manoeuvring. The observation of the Sun’s Corona in the field of view [1.08;3.0]RSun will represent the scientific tool to confirm the formation flying alignment. In this paper, we review the mission concept and we describe the Shadow Position Sensors (SPS), one of the metrological systems designed to provide high accuracy (sub-millimetre level) absolute and relative alignment measurement of the formation flying. The metrology algorithm developed to convert the SPS measurements in lateral and longitudinal movement estimation is also described and the measurement budget summarized. 相似文献
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An Event Horizon Imager(EHI) Mission Concept Utilizing Medium Earth Orbit Sub-mm Interferometry 下载免费PDF全文
KUDRIASHOV V MARTIN-NEIRA M ROELOFS F FALCKE H BRINKERINK C BARYSHEV A HOGERHEIJDE M YOUNG A POURSHAGHAGHI H KLEIN-WOLT M MOSCIBRODZKA M DAVELAAR J BARAT I DUESMANN B VALENTA V PERDIGUES ARMENGOL J M DE WILDE D MARTIN IGLESIAS P ALAGHA N VAN DER VORST M 《空间科学学报》2021,41(2):211-233
Submillimeter interferometry has the potential to image supermassive black holes on event horizon scales, providing tests of the theory of general relativity and increasing our understanding of black hole accretion processes. The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) performs these observations from the ground, and its main imaging targets are Sagittarius A* in the Galactic Center and the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy. However, the EHT is fundamentally limited in its performance by atmospheric effects and sparse terrestrial (u,v)-coverage (Fourier sampling of the image). The scientific interest in quantitative studies of the horizon size and shape of these black holes has motivated studies into using space interferometry which is free of these limitations. Angular resolution considerations and interstellar scattering effects push the desired observing frequency to bands above 500 GHz.
This paper presents the requirements for meeting these science goals, describes the concept of interferometry from Polar or Equatorial Medium Earth Orbits (PECMEO) which we dub the Event Horizon Imager (EHI), and utilizes suitable space technology heritage. In this concept, two or three satellites orbit at slightly different orbital radii, resulting in a dense and uniform spiral-shaped (u,v)-coverage over time. The local oscillator signals are shared via an inter-satellite link, and the data streams are correlated on-board before final processing on the ground. Inter-satellite metrology and satellite positioning are extensively employed to facilitate the knowledge of the instrument position vector, and its time derivative. The European space heritage usable for both the front ends and the antenna technology of such an instrument is investigated. Current and future sensors for the required inter-satellite metrology are listed. Intended performance estimates and simulation results are given. 相似文献
This paper presents the requirements for meeting these science goals, describes the concept of interferometry from Polar or Equatorial Medium Earth Orbits (PECMEO) which we dub the Event Horizon Imager (EHI), and utilizes suitable space technology heritage. In this concept, two or three satellites orbit at slightly different orbital radii, resulting in a dense and uniform spiral-shaped (u,v)-coverage over time. The local oscillator signals are shared via an inter-satellite link, and the data streams are correlated on-board before final processing on the ground. Inter-satellite metrology and satellite positioning are extensively employed to facilitate the knowledge of the instrument position vector, and its time derivative. The European space heritage usable for both the front ends and the antenna technology of such an instrument is investigated. Current and future sensors for the required inter-satellite metrology are listed. Intended performance estimates and simulation results are given. 相似文献
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以脉冲星导航技术为背景,讨论了空间计量理论中时间测量的关键问题。首先介绍了脉冲星导航的基本原理,和不同坐标系之间的时间尺度转换,比较了不同坐标系时间轴度规对脉冲星的脉冲轮廓测量的影响,说明只有太阳系质心坐标时能够正确测量脉冲轮廓。进而介绍了空间计量提出的两种时间统一的模式:地球卫星导航模式和脉冲星导航模式。以脉冲星导航为例,讨论了基于SI秒绝对定义和太阳系质心坐标时的广域时间统一的方法,给出用航天器原时坐标轴伸缩法修正多普勒效应的公式。最后提出在大尺度广域时空中构建新的守时系统—太阳系质心守时系统的设计思路。 相似文献