老国企励志创新新舰队整装远航——访沈阳机床集团总经理关锡友

将于2007年4月9日隆重开幕的第十届中国国际机床展(CIMT 2007)吸引着众多业内人士期盼的目光,这将是机床界的又一次盛会.细心的观众应该还记得,在2006年的上海数控机床展上,沈阳机床集团颇引人注目:2000m2的展览面积;26台拥有自主知识产权的展品;一轮接一轮的媒体采访攻势;在"中国数控机床产业之路"CCMT2006网上直播中的率先亮相.沈阳机床无疑成为那次展会上耀眼的明星.     

帮我找错

这是一张珍贵的历史照片,这架飞机也相当罕见,至少我从来没见过。上面的文字似乎是阿拉伯文,这让我完全糊涂了,这是哪国的飞机?又是什么型号?艾菲只能求助各位了。如果您知道,就请把答案写信寄至:北京市学院路37号航空知识杂志社王亚男收,邮编100083。也可以发送 E-mail 到hollyduke@163.com,回答正确的读者就有机会获得主编奖(来信或 E-mail中务必注明姓名、地址及邮编)。     

欧士机制胜之道:倡导刀具新概念与客户共同壮大

作为切削工具行业领先品牌的员工,欧士机(上海)精密工具有限公司营业本部市场部主管杜鹏完全有理由为欧士机感到骄傲。     

开拓创新 重点跨越实现集团公司又好又快发展——中国航空工业第二集团公司第八次工作会议工作报告（摘要）

(2007年1月23日) 一、二○○六年工作回顾 2006年,在党中央、国务院、中央军委的正确领导下,在上级主管部门的指导下,中航二集团公司党组带领广大干部职工,坚持科学发展,着力改革创新,迎难而上,开拓前进,各项工作都取得较好成绩,实现了"十一五"开门红.     

使用过航空器的引进——航空公司的运力增长点

航空公司以经营性租赁方式引进使用过航空器,其突出优势在于:使用过航空器的租赁成本低、不存在生产周期、租期可选,能够迅速、灵活地投入运营以应对市场的需求变化,特别是对于资金紧张的中、小航空公司而言使用过航空器对于缓解机队规模小、运力紧张、迅速占领市场可起到立竿见影的效果。     

PBN技术推广和支持研讨会在京召开

4月13日,由中国民航局与波音公司联合主办的基于性能的导航(PBN)技术推广和支持研讨会在京召开,来自各地区管理局和航空公司负责PBN工作的领导和相关人员参加了研     

欧洲的PMA部件

PMA 部件是否正在经历着期待已久的复兴?PMA 部件的可信度逐步增加是否会对发动机 OEM 在售后市场的垄断形成挑战?     

智能变形飞行器的发展道路

无论是飞行动物还是人造飞行器,为了执行不同任务(如巡航、盘旋、攻击、逃生等),或为了满足飞行环境(如高度、速度、气候等)的不同要求,往往需要相应调整其形态,以达到高效能、安全以及任务要求等目的.     

空空导弹综合保障现状与对策

针对空空导弹的特点,总结了某型号开展的综合保障工作和收效,结合存在的问题,分析了综合保障现状,指出了空空导弹综合保障目前急需开展的工作和需要突破的技术.     

航空发动机涡轮机匣轮盘包容性研究

为研究某航空发动机辅助动力装置涡轮盘在预定转速范围内破裂后涡轮机匣的包容能力,在高速旋转试验器上进行了涡轮机匣的包容性试验.试验采用轮盘周向3个对称位置预制裂纹的方式,使轮盘在预定转速范围内破裂成均匀3块,得到了轮盘碎块撞击涡轮机匣的高速摄影照片.试验结果表明轮盘碎块击穿机匣撞击包容环,包容环发生大塑性变形,包住轮盘碎块.采用LS-DYNA软件对涡轮机匣包容性进行数值仿真,仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好,研究结果对航空发动机轮盘包容性设计有一定的参考价值.      

Aeroengine turbine blade containment tests using high-speed rotor spin testing facility

The blade containment test is regarded as an essential assessment of aeroengine safety. This paper presents the results of a series of blade containment tests where a double edge notched blade was released at certain rotating speed which subsequently impacted the inner wall of the containment ring. These tests were conducted over a range of blade lengths (113–123 mm) and releasing speeds (6800–15 000 rpm) using the high-speed rotor spin testing facility in the laboratory. It is shown that great attention should be paid to the failure of the containment rings caused by the second impact. Numerical simulations are carried out using nonlinear finite element method to study the impact process. The simulation results agree with the experimental results. Current experimental and numerical methods will be extended to actual aeroengine cases involving more complex blades and containment rings.     

Containment of soft wall casing wrapped with Kevlar fabric

Aramid fabrics have been commonly used in the civil turbofan engine fan blade containment system for its excellent performance. To investigate the behavior and capability of soft wall containment casing, a series of fan blade released tests were conducted on the high-speed spin tester.The soft wall casing was fabricated by wrapping multiple layers of Kevlar49 plain woven fabric around a thin steel ring. Casings with different inner metal ring and outer fabric layers number were compared. The method of using the explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA to establish the finite element analysis model for the quantitative analysis of the containment process was developed and conducted. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It is shown that the containment process of the soft wall casing can be divided into three impact stages. The casing with low-stiffness inner metal ring will get severe overall deformation and lose the structural integrity when it suffers the blade impact. Kevlar fabric layers will appear large bulge on outside surface and absorb the most impact dynamic energy of the high speed released fan blade. By summing up the results of the test and simulation, an empirical critical equation was derived to describe the relationship between the released blade dynamic energy and the Kevlar fabric thickness.     

航空发动机涡轮叶片包容试验及数值模拟

为了解断裂涡轮叶片与包容环的撞击过程,研究航空发动机的包容性能,提高飞机飞行安全。在高速旋转试验台上进行了飞断平板叶片与包容环的撞击试验,并采用基于撞击动力学理论的有限元数值计算方法模拟了撞击过程。结果表明,平板叶片撞击包容环产生两个撞击点,第二撞击点是较为危险的撞击点,撞击点处的径向凸起量随初始撞击动能的增大而线性增大,两撞击点间的距离随初撞击动能的增大而线性减小,数值模拟准确地反映了叶片与包容环的撞击过程。研究结果对航空发动机包容环结构的优化设计和包容能力的校核计算有一定的参考价值。      

航天发动机机匣包容性试验的数值模拟

本文采用基于冲击动力学理论的有限元数值分析方法模拟了在旋转试验器上进行的某发动机机匣的包容性试验过程,反映了撞击过程中断叶和机匣的能量变化历程,较好地模拟了试验结果。研究结果对航空发动机机匣的包容性设计有一定的参考价值。     

低速轴流压气机周向单槽机匣处理扩稳实验研究

周向槽机匣处理作为一种有效的扩稳措施得到了广泛应用,但是缺乏对其机理的深入理解和认识。为此,在一台低速单转子轴流压气机上考察了周向单槽机匣处理随轴向位置变化的扩稳效果。实验中获得了单槽不同轴向位置的扩稳规律,在该台压气机上得出了扩稳效果最好的槽位于40%~60%轴向弦长,而当单槽位于27%轴向弦长附近时,其扩稳效果最差。在此基础上,选取了最优扩稳槽位和最差扩稳槽位进行详细的壁面非定常流场测量和尾迹测量,对比分析了光壁条件与各单槽处理机匣对叶顶间隙泄漏流和转子尾迹的影响。结果表明,采用扩稳效果最优槽位之后,周向单槽能推迟叶顶间隙泄漏流与主流交界面前移,以及减弱叶顶间隙泄漏流非定常性,且能明显增强尾迹区1BPF(叶片通过频率)的能量,同时减弱0.5BPF的能量,达到扩稳的目的。而对于扩稳效果最差槽位而言,叶顶间隙泄漏流与主流交界面直到失速前也无法跨过单槽从叶片前缘溢出,周向单槽改变了叶顶间隙内部诱发突尖失速先兆的扰动传播方式;另外,其对转子尾迹区0.5BPF和1BPF的影响也比较小,从而使得其扩稳效果减弱。     

直升机尾桨涡环飞行试验研究

根据样机右侧飞的飞行试验,对尾桨涡环现象进行了计算分析;根据右侧飞试验结果,估算出样机悬停回转时尾桨处于涡环状态的偏航角速度范围;将试验结果与国内外的涡环状态判据进行了对比。结果表明,国外的涡环判据不适用于样机的尾桨涡环状态判定,国内的高-辛判据与试验结果一致。     

航空发动机双转子-滚动轴承耦合系统的动力特性分析

在轴承动力学和转子动力学基础上建立了某航空发动机双转子-滚动轴承耦合系统的非线性动力学数学模型,采用Newmark有限元法进行了数值求解,就转子转速、中介轴承的游隙和滚子个数以及支承轴承参数对双转子系统动力特性的影响进行了分析并加以实验验证.研究结果表明:①中介圆柱滚子轴承游隙值对双转子系统动力特性影响很大,其原始游隙值取20μm更利于系统运行的稳定性;②支承轴承内、外沟曲率半径的选取将直接影响着双转子系统动力特性;③高压转子与低压转子耦合节点处位移随高压转子转速的增加而减小,随低压转子转速的增加而增加;④中介耦合轴承节点处位移的理论计算值与实验值较为吻合,最大误差为18.7%.      

Numerical Investigation of Inlet Distortion on an Axial Flow Compressor Rotor with Circumferential Groove Casing Treatment

On the base of an assumed steady inlet circumferential total pressure distortion, three-dimensional time-dependent numerical simulations are conducted on an axial flow subsonic compressor rotor. The performances and flow fields of a compressor rotor, either casing treated or untreated, are investigated in detail either with or without inlet pressure distortion. Results show that the circumferential groove casing treatment can expand the operating range of the compressor rotor either with or without inlet pressure distortion at the expense of a drop in peak isentropic efficiency. The casing treatment is capable of weakening or even removing the tip leakage vortex effectively either with or without inlet distortion. In clean inlet circumstances, the enhancement and forward movement of tip leakage vortex cause the untreated compressor rotor to stall. By contrast, with circumferential groove casing, the serious flow separation on the suction surface leads to aerodynamic stalling eventually. In the presence of inlet pressure distortion, the blade loading changes from passage to passage as the distorted inflow sector is traversed. Similar to the clean inlet circumstances, with a smooth wall casing, the enhancement and forward movement of tip leakage vortex are still the main factors which lead to the compressor rotor stalling eventually. When the rotor works trader near stall conditions, the blockage resulting from the tip leakage vortex in all the passages is very serious. Especially in several passages, flow-spillage is observed. Compared to the clean inlet circumstances, circumferential groove casing treatment can also eliminate the low energy zone in the outer end wall region effectively.     

Characteristics and mechanisms of turboshaft engine axial compressor casing containment

To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine, experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and stainless steel simulator casings in this paper. Experiments for four thicknesses (from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm) of casings are presented on high-speed spin tester. Perforation, ricochet with and without failure of the casings are obtained in test results. Three obvious bulges or dishing region are observed, petaling failure occurs in the first bulge or the third deformation region. Parabolic and elongated dimples are observed at the fracture surface. Finite Element (FE) models with calibrated Johnson-Cook material behavior law are built and analyzed by using explicit dynamic software for a better understanding on the containment behavior. Good agreement is obtained between the experimental observations and numerical predictions. The evolution of the impact force, energy absorption, temperature increase and the cracks’ propagation are analyzed. Three force peaks occur in the impact process. Energy analysis reveals that penetration condition of ricochet with failure leads to most internal energy of the casing.