A comprehensive survey on the methods of angle of attack measurement and estimation in UAVs

Angle of Attack (AOA) is a crucial parameter which directly affects the aerodynamic forces of an aircraft. The measurement of AOA is required to ensure a safe flight within its designed flight envelop. This paper intends to summarise a comprehensive survey on the measurement techniques and estimation methods for AOA, specifically in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications. In the case of UAVs, weight constraint plays a major role as far as sensor suites are concerned. This results in selecting a suitable estimation method to extract AOA using the available data from the autopilot. The most feasible and widely employed AOA measurement technique is by using the Multi-Hole Probes (MHPs). The MHP measures the AOA regarding the pressure variations between the ports. Due to the importance of MHP in AOA measurement, the calibration methods for the MHP are also included in this paper. This paper discusses the AOA measurement using virtual AOA sensors, their importance and the operation.     

在片校准标准件基底边界条件影响

通过分析国内外校准标准件物理边界条件，研究不同校准基底的物理边界条件对共面波导（CPW）传输线特性和校准准确度的影响。研制了W波段砷化镓衬底的多线TRL在片校准标准件，将在片校准标准件分别放置在金属卡盘、玻璃片、吸波材料三种校准基底上。用三种不同校准基底的校准标准件对试验装置校准后，分别提取了CPW传输线的衰减常数、相对介电常数和特征阻抗，并对商用校准标准件104-783A的短路标准和传输线标准进行了测试，验证了结果的合理性。     

热防护材料高温异型传感器校准技术研究

高温异型传感器广泛应用在热防护材料研究领域，因其测温部分比通用温度传感器尺寸短，现有的校准装置无法满足该类传感器的校准需求。针对高温异型传感器无法校准的问题，提出了一种应用专用高温恒温炉、基于比较法的校准方法，研制了高温异型传感器校准装置，实现了该类温度传感器的量值溯源，并进行了不确定度分析。     

拉扭疲劳试验机同步校准技术研究

介绍了一种新型力值、扭矩多分量传感器，在此传感器的基础上，研究力值、扭矩两参数同步校准技术，从而实现了对拉扭疲劳试验机的系统校准，解决了以往分参数校准存在不可靠性的难题，保证了拉扭疲劳试验机各参数整体系统的准确性。     

Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

基于变马赫数的五孔探针三维插值方法

探讨了五孔探针气动数据的插值方法,为提高插值精度,开发了基于传统线性插值法的三维线性插值法。该方法把同一探针在不同马赫数下的校准图形成三维数据库,将实验数据通过三维图进行插值。并使用改进前后的两种插值方法分别对校准风洞测得的数据进行整理,对比结果证明:在实验工况连续变化的情况下,三维线性插值法在插值精度上要优于传统线性插值法。特别是在来流马赫数变化较大时,该方法可以改善单一校准文件处理造成的数据精度问题,可用于自动化流场采集系统,为流场高速高精度采集奠定基础。     

一种飞机大仰角飞行的模糊控制方法

提出了一种飞机大仰角飞行的动态逆模糊集成控制方法。首先使用动态逆方法求得系统的逆，使系统反馈线性化，然后，用具有在线规则自调整的模糊控制方法来确保系统的最终特性。该方法应用在高性能收音机俯仰机动指令系统的设计中，仿真结果表明，所设计的控制器满足操纵品质的要求，并且，在大仰角飞行时具有较好的鲁棒性。     

一种应用于超小型无人机的新型定高传感器

使用美国ICSENSOR公司的压阻硅式绝压传感器，对静压进行测量，并设计出适合超小型无人机使用的新型定高传感器，这种定高传感器具有灵敏度高，重量轻，单电源供电，板式结构。可靠性高，重复性好的特点，填补了应用于超小型无人机的定高传感器产品的空白。     

一种基于多点测距信息的复合制导方法

分析探讨了一种用于提高弹道式导弹对目标命中精度的复合制导方案，提出了通过进行多点测距，利用状态转移矩阵方法，来估计导弹落点偏差和末修级起控点飞行状态参数，然后再按照需要的速度进行末修级导引控制的复合制导方案，并通过仿真计算分析论证了该方法的可行性。     

任意波发生器静态特性的评价

介绍了任意波发生器的主要静态特性指标、校准方法及实现过程。通过一组实验．获得了实际校准结果，并对校准中需要注意的问题进行了讨论。所述方法涉及的静态特性内容比较全面。具有足够的测量准确度、分辨力和稳定性。可用于任意波发生器的静态指标评价和计量。