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方政 《郑州航空工业管理学院学报(管理科学版)》2011,29(1)
作为对二战后美国社会矛盾激化、社会动荡的回应,在对社会学家关于社会冲突的种种观点反思与发展的基础上,科塞建立了功能冲突论。科塞的功能冲突论由冲突正功能的发挥条件、冲突正功能的具体内容、社会安全阀制度等内容组成。功能冲突论启示我们,在我国构建和谐社会的过程中,要正视、分析社会矛盾、社会冲突,构建社会安全阀制度,消除社会冲突产生的社会土壤。 相似文献
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Flight safety measurements of UAVs in congested airspace 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
《中国航空学报》2016,(5):1355-1366
Describing spatial safety status is crucial for high-density air traffic involving multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a complex environment. A probabilistic approach is proposed to measure safety situation in congested airspace. The occupancy distribution of the airspace is represented with conflict probability between spatial positions and UAV. The concept of a safety envelope related to flight performance and response time is presented first instead of the conventional fixed-size protected zones around aircraft. Consequently, the conflict probability is performance-dependent, and effects of various UAVs on safety can be distinguished. The uncer-tainty of a UAV future position is explicitly accounted for as Brownian motion. An analytic approximate algorithm for the conflict probability is developed to decrease the computational consumption. The relationship between safety and flight performance are discussed for different response times and prediction intervals. To illustrate the applications of the approach, an experi-ment of three UAVs in formation flight is performed. In addition, an example of trajectory planning is simulated for one UAV flying over airspace where five UAVs exist. The validation of the approach shows its potential in guaranteeing flight safety in highly dynamic environment. 相似文献
针对现有机场地面运动扰动恢复方法对计划路径偏离、滑行道关闭等干扰事件的应对能力不足,以及轨迹调整过程缺少量化评价指标优化等问题,提出一种基于混合整数规划的扰动恢复方法。利用优化技术协调受扰动影响的航空器计划轨迹,降低干扰事件对场面运行效率和其他场面调度问题的影响;同时,引入迭代冲突规避策略提高求解效率。基于真实机场布局的实验结果表明,该方法能够在计划路径偏离和滑行道关闭2类干扰事件出现后,快速、有效地调整航空器的计划轨迹,使机场地面运动恢复安全有序状态。 相似文献
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In order to obtain accurate conflict risks in terminal airspace design, the concept and calculation model of potential conflict frequency for intersected routes are proposed. Conflict frequency is represented by the product of horizontal conflict frequency and vertical conflict probability. The horizontal conflict frequency is derived from the probability density distribution of conflicts in a period of time. Based on the recorded radar trajectory data, the concept and model of ROUTE distance are proposed, and the probability density function of aircraft height at a specified ROUTE distance is deduced by kernel density estimation. Furthermore, vertical conflict probability and its horizontal distribution are achieved. Examples of three intersected arrival and departure route design schemes are studied. Compared with scheme 1, the conflict frequency values of the other two improved schemes decrease to 53 % and 24%, respectively. The results show that the model can quantify potential conflict frequency of intersec ted routes. 相似文献
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本文研究了一种基于航空器飞行轨迹线性外推冲突预测的短期冲突告警(STCA)算法,并给出算法的具体实现方案。仿真实验结果证明了算法的有效性,适用于雷达监视下的程序管制间隔标准和管制体制。 相似文献
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针对航天器上传感器故障可能导致状态估计错误的问题,提出了一种基于证据理论的多传感器融合与故障识别方法。该方法采用证据距离与冲突质量的乘积来度量证据间的冲突大小。在证据的融合中先根据冲突大小计算每个证据的可信度,并根据可信度大小修正证据,再用D\|S规则进行融合。该冲突度量方法综合了证据间目标一致性与整体差异性的影响,在具有较强的不确定性和不可靠性的情况下,比仅采用证据距离或冲突质量来度量证据间冲突的大小更加准确。将其应用于微小卫星电源系统的状态监测,实验结果表明该方法可以有效地监测系统状态并正确地识别故障传感器,准确度优于其它方法。 相似文献
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