High-fidelity trajectory optimization for aeroassisted vehicles using variable order pseudospectral method

In this study, the problem of time-optimal reconnaissance trajectory design for the aeroassisted vehicle is considered. Different from most works reported previously, we explore the feasibility of applying a high-order aeroassisted vehicle dynamic model to plan the optimal flight trajectory such that the gap between the simulated model and the real system can be narrowed. A highly-constrained optimal control model containing six-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics is established. To solve the formulated high-order trajectory planning model, a pipelined optimization strategy is illustrated. This approach is based on the variable order Radau pseudospectral method, indicating that the mesh grid used for discretizing the continuous system experiences several adaption iterations. Utilization of such a strategy can potentially smooth the flight trajectory and improve the algorithm convergence ability. Numerical simulations are reported to demonstrate some key features of the optimized flight trajectory. A number of comparative studies are also provided to verify the effectiveness of the applied method as well as the high-order trajectory planning model.     

弹性转动约束复合材料层板的中等大挠度

本文首先用虚位移原理推导出以位移形式表达的Reddy型高阶剪切变形理论复合材料层板的非线性控制方程及相应的边界条件。选定的5个位移函数均满足弹性转动约束边界条件，用Galerkin方法把无量纲化之后的控制方程转化为一组非线性代数方程组，用线性化的方法和可调节参数的修正迭代法求解这组方程。最后求出了不同复合材料的挠度和弯矩值。     

欧洲计算流体力学——个人观点

介绍了70年代初到20世纪末欧洲科学家对CFD发展的主要贡献,并重点关注了对国际流体力学数值方法会议(ICNMFD)和国际计算力学学术会议(ISCFD)的成功举办具有重大贡献的科学家.ICNMFD始于1969年(新西伯利亚),由参与了美国和苏联太空竞赛的两国科学家联合创办,而ISCFD则作为ICNMFD在亚太地区的同类会议初创于1995年(东京).由Oshima教授和本人提议,得益于上述两个会议全体科学委员会成员的共同努力,ICNMFD和ISCFD自2000年开始,合并成为每两年举办一次的国际计算流体力学会议(ICCFD).绝大部分本文讨论所涉及的学者通常都在受邀进行大会报告后,成为了前述三大国际会议中的一个或多个科学委员会的成员.作者对文中讨论所涉及的研究人员的圈定负有全权责任,上述人员的选择更多地基于应用而非理论计算流体力学,因此尚存在不完善之处.此外由于文中所讨论的学者大都是作者在40多年计算流体力学研究生涯中的私交好友,因此并没有将年轻一代的科学家考虑进来,但这并非由于他们的贡献不重要.另外值得注意的是欧洲的计算流体力学同美国的计算流体力学有非常紧密的联系,本文讨论所涉及的研究学者有些最早从欧洲开始涉足计算流体力学而现在则生活和工作于美国(例如Glowinski,Roe,Van Leer等人),而有些则是在美国取得了博士学位(例如Launder,Napolitano),他们都同美国的科学家进行过合作,因此很难清晰地对欧洲和美国的计算流体力学进行界定.对那些现已移居美国的欧洲科学家们,本文优先考虑了他们移居之前的贡献.最后但并非是最不重要的,作者通过电子邮件一一联系了文中所涉及的科学家,希望他们本人能够给出其自身贡献的评价草稿,从而帮助作者以最权威的视角在文中相应章节对其工作进行评述.本文向提供自述评价的诸位致以谢意,同时也希望其他同仁能够对本人不恰当的擅自评述给予谅解.     

理想导体表面电磁散射的高阶微扰解

针对经典微扰法（SPM）求解粗糙表面电磁散射特性存在的问题，提出了一种基于二维表面场的一阶和二阶展开近似高阶微扰算法。用该法计算了高阶表面场分量的全极化后向散射SPM解和二阶场分量对水平极化双站及后向散射系数的修正解。研究了不同粗糙度下掠入射时高阶SPM求解的双站散射系数，以及不同方位角下高阶场量的散射特性。通过对合成场的修正，解决了近掠入射条件下散射系数计算的误差。数值计算结果证明该算法有效。     

Implicit discontinuous Galerkin method on agglomerated high-order grids for 3D simulations

High quality of geometry representation is regarded essential for high-order methods to maintain their high-order accuracy. An agglomerated high-order mesh generating method is inves-tigated in combination with discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving the 3D compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. In this method, a fine linear mesh is first generated by standard commercial mesh generation tools. By taking advantage of an agglomeration method, a quadratic high-order mesh is quickly obtained, which is coarse but provides a high-quality geometry represen-tation, thus very suitable for high-order computations. High-order discretizations are performed on the obtained grids with DG method and the discretized system is treated fully implicitly to obtain steady state solutions. Numerical experiments on several flow problems indicate that the agglomer-ated high-order mesh works well with DG method in dealing with flow problems of curved geome-tries. It is also found that with a fully implicit discretized system and a p-sequencing method, the DG method can achieve convergence state within several time steps which shows significant effi-ciency improvements compared to its explicit counterparts.     

基于扩张状态观测器的燃气舵舵机位置控制

为了实现对燃气舵舵片的高精度位置控制,设计了高阶非线性扩张状态观测器对舵机位置系统进行精确闭环控制。通过将参数摄动耦合项和外界扰动项合并为一个新的状态量,将原有三阶位置系统扩张为四阶控制系统。采用滑模变结构控制器对状态观测器观测结果进行控制,使舵机偏转角度达到预定值。分别采用传统PID控制和所设计的高阶非线性扩张状态观测器对舵机控制系统进行仿真,来验证所设计的控制器的响应性能和稳定性能。结果表明:相比于传统的PID控制器,所设计的高阶非线性扩张状态控制器具有更高的跟踪精度和更快的响应性能,其响应时间在0.1s以内,提升了约0.7s,且该控制系统无超调量的产生。该控制器在鲁棒性、抗干扰性上体现出更好的特点,因此可以更好地实现整体伺服系统的位置控制。     

分形粗糙表面掠入射时的全极化指数计算

为分析经典解析法不能有效求解掠入射时粗糙表面的散射特性,用高阶微扰法计算了二维分形导体表面的后向散射系数。计算值与测量值的比较证明了高阶微扰法的有效性。对不同粗糙度下掠入射时全极化指数的研究,获得了不同入射条件下极化指数与掠入射角余切函数曲线的拟合和有效表达式,修正了前人的结论,并发现用高阶解析法可区分粗糙表面的类型。     

巡航段高超声速飞行器的高阶指数时变滑模飞行控制器设计

针对高超声速飞行器的巡航控制存在的不确定气动参数问题,提出了一种具有全局鲁棒性的指数时变滑模控制方法。首先将纵向模型进行精确线性化,提出了一种新的指数时变滑模面,在此基础上设计了一种高阶时变滑模控制律。该控制律使系统相轨迹从初始时刻起始终处于滑动阶段,消除了常规时不变滑模控制的到达阶段,保证了控制过程中对系统参数不确定性的全局鲁棒性。最后,用李亚普诺夫理论证明了该控制律的稳定性。控制律参数采用遗传算法进行优化,优化的指标由系统响应误差的积分和参数违反约束时的惩罚项组成。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

High-order compact finite volume methods on unstructured grids with adaptive mesh refinement for solving inviscid and viscous flows

In the present paper, high-order finite volume schemes on unstructured grids developed in our previous papers are extended to solve three-dimensional inviscid and viscous flows. The high-order variational reconstruction technique in terms of compact stencil is improved to reduce local condition numbers. To further improve the efficiency of computation, the adaptive mesh refinement technique is implemented in the framework of high-order finite volume methods. Mesh refinement and coarsening criteria are chosen to be the indicators for certain flow structures. One important challenge of the adaptive mesh refinement technique on unstructured grids is the dynamic load balancing in parallel computation. To solve this problem, the open-source library p4est based on the forest of octrees is adopted. Several two- and three-dimensional test cases are computed to verify the accuracy and robustness of the proposed numerical schemes.