Orbit determination of BDS-3 satellite based on regional ground tracking station and inter-satellite link observations

The BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) has established the Ka-band inter-satellite link (ISL) to realize a two-way ranging function between satellites, which provides a new observation technology for the orbit determination of BDS-3 satellites. Therefore, this study presents a BDS satellite orbit determination model based on ground tracking station (GTS) observations and ISL ranging observations firstly to analyze the impact of the ISL ranging observations on the orbit determination of BDS-3 satellites. Subsequently, considering the data fusion processing, the variance component estimation (VCE) algorithm is applied to the parameter estimation process of the satellite orbit determination. Finally, using the measured data from China’s regional GTS observations and BDS-3 ISL ranging observations, the effects of ISL ranging observations on the orbit determination accuracy of BDS-3 satellites are analyzed. Moreover, the impact of the VCE algorithm on the fusion data processing is evaluated from the aspects of orbit determination accuracy, Ka-band hardware delay parameter stability, and ISL ranging observation residuals. The results show that for China’s regional GTSs, the addition of BDS-3 ISL ranging observations can significantly improve the orbit determination accuracy of BDS-3 satellites. The observed orbit determination accuracy of satellite radial component is improved from 48 cm to 4.1 cm. In addition, when the initial weight ratio between GTS observations and ISL ranging observations is not appropriate, the various indicators which include orbit determination accuracy, ISL hardware delay, and ISL observation residuals were observed to have improved after the adjustment of the VCE algorithm. These results validate the effectiveness of the VCE algorithm for the fusion data processing of the GTS observations and ISL ranging observations.     

一种基于OPTICS聚类的仅测角导航目标检测算法

仅测角自主导航方法具有设备简单、复杂度低，功耗低的优点，在空间任务中具有广泛的应用前景.针对中远距离下空间目标特征少的特点，提出了一种利用基于OPTICS聚类算法的空间目标检测方法，可用于仅测角导航过程中的目标检测.对原始星图进行预处理提取星点及目标点，并结合星图识别的结果选择部分帧，使用经过改进的OPTICS聚类方法获得目标运动轨迹.最后，使用本文中的算法对软件仿真出的含有目标的高精度星图进行处理验证了算法的可行性.在卫星相对于空间目标抵近过程中，目标检测的水平误差及垂直误差小于0.15°的帧数分别占到了85.4%以及99.6%.相比AVANTI实验中的目标检测方法，减少了在轨任务中相关参数的调节，进一步提升了算法的自主性.     

低温锂离子电池研究进展

随着能源需求的日益高涨，锂离子电池（LIB）在各个领域内的应用愈发广泛。为满足极端气候等特殊应用环境对储能器件的需求，LIB需拓宽其工作温度范围。从材料和电池结构角度详细总结了应用于低温条件LIB的最新研究进展。首先，分析了限制LIB低温性能的根本原因；然后，分别从电解液的研发与优化、电极材料的改性和开发、新型电池体系的开发、电池热管理系统（BTMS）设计4个方面归纳并讨论了在低温情况下改善LIB性能的途径和方法；最后，总结了低温LIB研究亟待解决的问题，并为新一代低温LIB的发展提出了可行的研究方向。      

纤维织物超高速碰撞热-力学模型与分析

A new thermo mechanical model for fiber fabric of hypervelocity impact is established by using the Johnson Cook model, the Gruneisen equation of state and the FEM SPH coupling algorithm, while some new factors are taken into account such as the heat generation, strain rate strengthening and high temperature softening of materials. Mechanical and thermal information could be obtained with the model, such as penetration, fragmentation, stress and strain, heat generation and temperature field of fiber fabric. The analysis results are in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first Mars exploration mission

This paper describes the scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first exploration mission to Mars. An orbiter, carrying a lander and a rover, lifted-off in July 2020 for a journey to Mars where it should arrive in February 2021. A suite of 13 scientific payloads, for in-situ and remote sensing, autonomously commanded by integrated payload controllers and mounted on the orbiter and the rover will study the magnetosphere and ionosphere of Mars and the relation with the solar wind, the atmosphere, surface and subsurface of the planet, looking at the topography, composition and structure and in particular for subsurface ice. The mission will also investigate Mars climate history. It is expected that Tianwen-1 will contribute significantly to advance our scientific knowledge of Mars.     

飞秒激光系统图像调焦装置以及方法

飞秒激光直写技术在复杂三维微结构加工领域具有显著优势，而调焦是否精准直接影响了所加工结构的完整度.提出了在光路中临时置入调焦光源和物的图像调焦技术，通过调节物的位置使其成像面与激光聚焦面一致，从而通过清晰可分辨的成像状态间接反映激光聚焦状态.利用Zemax软件模拟分析了原飞秒激光光路与加入调焦光源和物的调焦光路，二者可实现相同加工物镜后工作距离与良好成像质量，证明了该方法的可行性.通过分析得到该过程的成像误差主要由成像镜头焦深(3.9 μm)引起，我们获得的理想调焦精度可达到1/2焦深以内.设计了单层高度为5 μm的二层圆柱结构，通过多次实验验证了所加工元件高度误差在1.5 μm范围以内，与理论分析一致，满足飞秒激光系统的调焦要求.     

The propagation features of LF radio waves at topside ionosphere and their variations possibly related to Wenchuan earthquake in 2008

The artificial low frequency (LF) signals recorded at topside ionosphere from DEMETER satellite were analyzed in this paper, and the typical diurnal and seasonal variations were illustrated around 162?kHz in electric field spectra. The larger power spectrum density (PSD) values in electric field at local nighttime and in winter season all demonstrate the correlation feature of lower plasma content to higher penetration of LF waves into ionosphere. Around Wenchuan earthquake, the comparison of signal-noise-ratio (SNR) values in electric field with each half month during January to May in 2008 and the same half month in May from 2005 to 2007 revealed their lowest values and small covering area around the preparation region of Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. Combined with other researches in VLF radio waves and geochemical observations from satellite, the interaction of ion accumulation and upward movement from gas-water release at surface might be a key factor to disturb the ionospheric plasma density, and then possibly leading to the decrease of low energy penetration of LF radio waves from the artificial transmitted source at ground.     

基于工程教育专业认证背景下地方特色院校“金课”建设的研究与探索

"金课"作为一项新提出不久的概念,许多重点院校和地方特色院校已经着手打造了一部分精品课程,主要是一些开放性课程和文法类课程,原因是这一类课程思维发散,教学手段多样,可以运用现代化信息技术手段采取线上线下教学模式。但是教育部推出的"金课"建设不单单只是针对于这些类课程,对于工科专业的课程建设,也需要打造"金课",尤其是以工程教育专业认证的标准和理念打造地方特色院校"金课",是我们这些地方特色工科院校需要重点研究和探索的。本文的研究重点在于如何把工程教育专业认证的理念与课程建设有机融合体现工科"金课"的"四性"。