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1.
研究了运用压电陶瓷作动器对碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)格栅反射器的型面主动控制。首先,采用了一种具有独立电压自由度的梁单元,以及考虑高阶剪切变形的板单元,对主控格栅反射器进行有限元建模;运用能量变分哈密尔顿原理推导了主控格栅反射器的有限元控制方程,并给出了反射面型面残余均方根(RMS)误差最小的电压最优控制方法。然后,研究了在典型载荷下,反射面残余RMS误差最小的PZT作动器位置分布的优化配置问题;提出了一种将遗传算法和梯度投影方法相结合的改进优化方法,用来求出在限定作动器数量的条件下,作动器几何位置的优化配置,使控制后反射面的残余RMS误差最小;给出的数值算例验证了方法的正确性和有效性。最后,研制了格栅反射器型面主动控制的实验样机,针对反射器的初始制造误差进行了型面主动控制,验证了控制方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
2.
X.B. Zhao W.Z. Shao L.B. Zhao Y. Gao Y.Y. Hu X.Z. Yuan 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(10):3072-3086
The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra. 相似文献
3.
The water content of magma oceans is widely accepted as a key factor that determines whether a terrestrial planet is habitable. Water ocean mass is determined as a result not only of water delivery and loss, but also of water partitioning among several reservoirs. Here we review our current understanding of water partitioning among the atmosphere, magma ocean, and solid mantle of accreting planetary embryos and protoplanets just after giant collisions. Magma oceans are readily formed in planetary embryos and protoplanets in their accretion phase. Significant amounts of water are partitioned into magma oceans, provided the planetary building blocks are water-rich enough. Particularly important but still quite uncertain issues are how much water the planetary building blocks contain initially and how water goes out of the solidifying mantle and is finally degassed to the atmosphere. Constraints from both solar-system explorations and exoplanet observations and also from laboratory experiments are needed to resolve these issues. 相似文献
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针对椭圆轨道卫星近/远地点的星下点对全球或特定纬度区域的访问问题,提出一种连续小推力下的对地覆盖控制策略。首先,推导了自然摄动对卫星拱线变化的影响,并探讨了进行小推力覆盖控制的必要性。然后,针对燃料消耗的优化问题,将控制方程展开成含傅里叶级数的形式,用以获得便于星上计算的解析形式的次优解,同时探讨了截取阶数与优化程度的关系。在进行拱线控制的同时,通过合理设置约束,对椭圆轨道的近地点高度进行保护,确保卫星安全运行。仿真结果表明,提出的方法能够以适当的燃料消耗代价实现椭圆轨道的近/远地点的全球覆盖控制或特定纬度区域的反复推扫,且控制力在可接受的范围内。 相似文献
6.
针对高超声速飞行器(HSV)再入过程中强非线性、强耦合、气动参数变化剧烈的不确定性的特点,提出一种基于线性二次型调节器(LQR)和自抗扰控制(ADRC)的高超声速飞行器再入段的姿态控制方法。首先,建立高超声速飞行器再入段线性化模型,并采用LQR方法完成了状态反馈控制律设计。然后,结合自抗扰控制技术,设计了扩张状态观测器(ESO)对系统的模型不确定性和外部干扰进行补偿,大幅增强了系统的扰动抑制能力。最后,将得到的高超声速飞行器再入段LQR自抗扰姿态控制器(LQRADRC)应用于高超声速飞行器六自由度仿真,仿真结果表明本文所提出的控制方法能够快速、精确地跟踪角位置指令,并且对系统不确定性具有强鲁棒性。 相似文献
7.
Facundo L. Poblet Francisco Azpilicueta 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(9):2275-2289
The Earth and the near interplanetary medium are affected by the Sun in different ways. Those processes generated in the Sun that induce perturbations into the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere system are called geoeffective processes and show a wide range of temporal variations, like the 11-year solar cycle (long term variations), the variation of ~27?days (recurrent variations), solar storms enduring for some days, particle acceleration events lasting for some hours, etc.In this article, the periodicity of ~27?days associated with the solar synodic rotation period is investigated. The work is mainly focused on studying the resulting 27-day periodic signal in the magnetic activity, by the analysis of the horizontal component of the magnetic field registered on a set of 103 magnetic observatories distributed around the world. For this a new method to isolate the periodicity of interest has been developed consisting of two main steps: the first one consists of removing the linear trend corresponding to every calendar year from the data series, and the second one of removing from the resulting series a smoothed version of it obtained by applying a 30-day moving average. The result at the end of this process is a data series in which all the signal with periods larger than 30?days are canceled.The most important characteristics observed in the resulting signals are two main amplitude modulations: the first and most prominent related to the 11-year solar cycle and the second one with a semiannual pattern. In addition, the amplitude of the signal shows a dependence on the geomagnetic latitude of the observatory with a significant discontinuity at approx. ±60°.The processing scheme was also applied to other parameters that are widely used to characterize the energy transfer from the Sun to the Earth: F10.7 and Mg II indices and the ionospheric vertical total electron content (vTEC) were considered for radiative interactions; and the solar wind velocity for the non-radiative interactions between the solar wind and the magnetosphere. The 27-day signal obtained in the magnetic activity was compared with the signals found in the other parameters resulting in a series of cross-correlations curves with maximum correlation between 3 and 5?days of delays for the radiative and between 0 and 1?days of delay for the non-radiative parameters. This result supports the idea that the physical process responsible for the 27-day signal in the magnetic activity is related to the solar wind and not to the solar electromagnetic radiation. 相似文献
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9.
The Role and Contributions of Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) Imaging in Magnetospheric Substorm Research 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pollock C.J. C:son-Brandt P. Burch J.L. Henderson M.G. Jahn J.-M. McComas D.J. Mende S.B. Mitchell D.G. Reeves G.D. Scime E.E. Skoug R.M. Thomsen M. Valek P. 《Space Science Reviews》2003,109(1-4):155-182
Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging has contributed substantially to substorm research. This technique has allowed significant advances in areas such as observation and quantification of injected particle drift as a function of energy, observation of dynamics in the tail that are directly related to the effects of imposed (growth phase) and induced (expansion phase) electric fields on the plasma, the prompt extraction of oxygen from the ionosphere during substorms, the relationship between storms and substorms, and the timing of substorm ENA signatures. We present discussion of the advantages and shortcomings of the ENA technique for studying space plasmas. Although the technique is in its infancy, it is yielding results that enrich our understanding of the substorm process and its effects. 相似文献
10.
Giulio L. Marco B. Aldo F. Domenico T.P. Mario M. 《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》2002,17(9):22-27
This paper reviews the results of the thermal and static analysis of small motor aerospace technology (SMART) propulsion system, constituted of a microthrusters array realised by MEMS technology on silicon wafers. This system has been studied using FEM (NASTRAN) and the results have been verified by the electro-thermic analogy and the FDM method, using, respectively, SPICE and MATLAB codes. The simulation results demonstrated the feasibility of SMART systems for aerospace applications such as attitude control and deorbiting missions for small satellite station-keeping. A theoretical impulse of 20 mNs has been calculated for the SMART system. 相似文献