基于模态反转的半球谐振陀螺零位自校准方法

针对半球谐振陀螺的零位漂移问题，本文研究了基于模态反转电路控制技术的零位自校准方法。首先，从动力学模型引入阻尼不对称、频率裂解等非理想因素，讨论半球谐振陀螺的工作机理及驻波漂移特性。其次，通过理论分析模态反转的零位校准以及虚拟进动控制的模态反转技术。最后，基于FPGA数字控制平台，设计并实现了半球谐振陀螺零位自校准半实物仿真实验。实验结果表明，基于模态反转的半球谐振陀螺零位校准，实现了半球谐振陀螺的零位从15 降低至2 ，短期零偏稳定性和长期稳定性也分别提高了11.8％和45.86％，有效地抑制了零位漂移，提高了半球谐振陀螺测量精度。     

SiC/CVD SiC复合涂层的抗氧化及抗热震性能研究

为了提高C/SiC复合材料耐高温性能,采用泥浆浸渍裂解与真空化学气相沉积(CVD)在材料表面制备了SiC/CVD SiC复合涂层,通过XRD、SEM分析了涂层组成与结构;研究了复合涂层的高温抗氧化(700～1 500℃)和抗热震性能。结果表明,泥浆浸渍法制备的SiC涂层具有一定的封孔效果,可使材料开孔率下降,但高温抗氧化效果并不佳,1 200℃氧化10 min后材料弯曲强度保留率下降明显仅有86%。CVD SiC涂层结构致密,与SiC封孔涂层结合较好,在700～1 500℃具有较好的抗氧化效果,随着氧化温度的升高,氧化后涂层完好,表面O元素逐渐增加,材料失重率缓慢增加但不大于0.5%,且材料性能并未下降。涂层材料在1 200℃-10 min短时热震5次后材料弯曲强度保留率仍有95%以上,且未出现开裂、剥落等热震损伤。在1 200℃-30 min长时热震10次后,涂层材料基本被完全氧化,材料失去保护作用,弯曲强度下降至90%左右。     

对转压气机外伸激波对叶顶泄漏流影响

摘要:为了揭示对转压气机下游转子外伸激波对上游转子泄漏流的影响规律,针对上游转子叶顶间隙分别为0.2、0.5、0.8 mm的对转压气机开展了非定常数值模拟研究。研究发现:受下游转子外伸激波掠扫影响,上游转子尾缘附近压力面会形成弱压缩波,且随上游转子泄漏流增强而逐渐减弱;而该外伸激波在上游转子尾缘附近吸力面,会形成与型线切向相垂直的较强压缩波,且其位置基本不受叶顶间隙大小影响;外伸激波使上游转子尾缘附近吸、压力面压差增大,叶顶泄漏流增强,进而导致其损失增大;随着叶顶间隙增大,上游转子叶尖区弦长前半段压力波动的频率,由通道激波转为叶顶泄漏流主导,且呈现减小的趋势,而弦长后半段压力波动的频率主要由外伸激波主导,且基本不变。      

Injection of 40-kHz-modulated electron beam from the satellite: II. Excitation of electrostatic and whistler waves

Beam-plasma interaction effects are studied during the active space experiment with electron and Xe-ion beam injections in an ionospheric plasma. Permanent 40-kHz-modulated electron beam injection occurs simultaneously with a xenon-ion beam injected by the Hall-type plasma thruster operating in a square-pulse mode (100/50 s for a job/pause duration). The unusual behavior of the background charged particle fluxes and wave activity stimulated during the beam-plasma interaction have been registered by the scientific instruments onboard Intercosmos-25 station (IK-25) and Magion-3 subsatellite. The longitudinal and electromagnetic wave instabilities and their mutual relationship are considered in order to explain the observed effects. The excitation of electrostatic waves by the electron injection has been considered for different resonance conditions near the linear stability boundary. Beam-driven electromagnetic instability is responsible for the backward-propagating whistler waves excited via cyclotron resonance. Competition of these two beam instabilities is one of the subjects of the present study.     

Case study of inclined sporadic E layers in the Earth’s ionosphere observed by CHAMP/GPS radio occultations: Coupling between the tilted plasma layers and internal waves

We have used the radio occultation (RO) satellite data CHAMP/GPS (Challenging Minisatellite Payload/Global Positioning System) for studying the ionosphere of the Earth. A method for deriving the parameters of ionospheric structures is based upon an analysis of the RO signal variations in the phase path and intensity. This method allows one to estimate the spatial displacement of a plasma layer with respect to the ray perigee, and to determine the layer inclination and height correction values. In this paper, we focus on the case study of inclined sporadic E (E_s) layers in the high-latitude ionosphere based on available CHAMP RO data. Assuming that the internal gravity waves (IGWs) with the phase-fronts parallel to the ionization layer surfaces are responsible for the tilt angles of sporadic plasma layers, we have developed a new technique for determining the parameters of IGWs linked with the inclined E_s structures. A small-scale internal wave may be modulating initially horizontal E_s layer in height and causing a direction of the plasma density gradient to be rotated and aligned with that of the wave propagation vector k. The results of determination of the intrinsic wave frequency and period, vertical and horizontal wavelengths, intrinsic vertical and horizontal phase speeds, and other characteristics of IGWs under study are presented and discussed.     

应用后缘装置的跨声速层流翼型多岛优化设计

高雷诺数状态下,自然层流技术(Natural laminar flow,NLF)是减小机翼表面湍流摩擦阻力的有效方法。然而由于层流翼面上大范围顺压梯度的存在使得后缘处的恢复压差更大,产生更强的激波。因此在减小摩擦阻力的同时又增加了激波阻力。本文采用后缘装置(Trailing edge device,TED)来控制翼型后缘处的激波强度,基于线性稳定性理论(Linear stability theory,LST)的eN方法对流动进行转捩判断,进而应用多岛并行多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm,MOEA)以获得大范围层流区域和弱化激波强度为目标对翼型进行优化设计。优化结果表明合作均衡策略耦合进化算法可以快速地捕捉到该多目标问题的Pareto阵面解,阵面上翼型的波阻力和摩擦阻力性能较初始翼型大大改善。同时,采用后缘装置控制激波强度时,无论在设计点还是偏离设计点时,优化后翼型均具有良好的升阻力特性和鲁棒性。     

航天器AIT中心典型霉菌形态及其消杀效果研究

航天器总装厂房是航天器携带微生物的重要环境来源之一，厂房内的微生物检测与鉴定及其杀菌方法研究对于航天器的微生物安全与防控技术研究具有重要意义。本文报道了航天器AIT中心分离的青霉属、曲霉属和枝孢霉属等8个种属的典型霉菌菌落和孢子形态，为航天器霉菌鉴定和菌种库的构建提供了参考；同时研究了消毒剂、UVC辐照和热处理对这些霉菌的消杀效果，以期为航天器的霉菌防控技术研究提供科学依据。研究结果表明不同种属霉菌对3种消杀方法的敏感性具有较大的差异性。结合我国不同地区AIT中心霉菌种属的多样性，在进行我国AIT中心霉菌的消杀工作时应有针对性地科学选择不同消杀方法或综合应用多种消杀方法。     

多种工质下螺旋波等离子体源波场结构数值模拟

针对螺旋波等离子体放电机理，开展了多种工质条件下的螺旋波放电等离子体内波场结构数值模拟研究。计算发现:氦气等离子体的Er分量在径向边界处的峰值更为突出，有利于等离子体在径向的输运，波电场径向分量决定了电流密度径向分量在内部的表现。在0.266 Pa和1.064 Pa两种气体压强条件下，通过波场结构验证了气压对于波阻尼影响的结论。波场结构是螺旋波在等离子体内传播以及能量沉积的微观体现，研究螺旋波波场结构是揭示其高电离效率的重要途径。初步探索了功率耦合机制，为实验系统优化及实验方案设定奠定理论基础。     

调频连续波合成孔径雷达滑动聚束成像算法

调频连续波(FMCW)体制下,传统脉冲合成孔径雷达(SAR)的"走—停"回波模型已经不再适用,快时间走动项引入的距离-方位耦合项不可以忽略,否则会使图像质量的降低。该文首先构建FMCW回波模型,其次,提出了一种基于两步式的滑动聚束SAR成像算法。所提算法针对滑动聚束模式中,多普勒历程大于脉冲重复频率(PRF)所造成的频谱混叠问题,采用方位频域去斜的预处理加以解决。由于距离徙动校正(RCMC)后方位时域依旧混叠,该算法通过方位去斜在频域完成聚焦避免再一次的解混叠操作。通过仿真验证,该算法能够实现高精度的FMCW SAR滑动聚束成像。     

Satellite launch vehicle effect on the Earth’s lower ionosphere: A case study

The effect of the rocket exhaust products on the D-region of the ionosphere is investigated with the help of Very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics within the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. The changes in the electron density profile are computed from the observed VLF signal amplitude perturbations about 3 dB during the rocket launch. We find a localized electron depletion in the lower ionosphere at an altitude of around 58 km, that is thought to be originated by the attachment of ionospheric ion and molecular hydrogen along with water molecule in the exhaust product of first stage burn of Geosynchronous Launch Vehicle (GSLV) rocket at the time of GSLV launched from Sriharikota, India, on 27 August 2015 at 11:22 UT (16:52 IST). The ionospheric depletion perturbed the navigational VLF signal (VTX = 17 kHz) 134 s after the launch of the GSLV rocket.