某型战机滑跃起飞性能初步分析

根据飞行动力学理论,建立了舰载机滑跃起飞数学模型。以某型战机为例进行了数值仿真,定量分析了起飞质量、起飞迎角、甲板风、滑跑距离等因素对滑跃起飞性能的影响。结果表明:应优选起飞迎角;不同起飞质量情况下,应选择合适的滑跑距离(起飞点),并保证适当的甲板风;起落架强度应加强。     

Integrity of sulfur concrete subjected to simulated lunar temperature cycles

In view of potential application as a construction material on the lunar surface the mechanical integrity of sulfur concrete was evaluated after being subjected to simulated temperature cycles. Here, small cubes of sulfur concrete were repeatedly cycled between room (20 °C) and liquid nitrogen (−191 °C) temperatures after which they, and non-cycled cubes, were evaluated by compression testing. The compression strength of the non-cycled samples averaged ∼35 MPa (5076 psi) before failing whereas the cycled samples fractured at about 7 MPa (1015 psi). Microscopic examination of the fracture surfaces from the cycled samples showed clear de-bonding of the sulfur from the aggregate whereas it was seen adhering in those non-cycled. Based on a simple analysis it was concluded that the large strength discrepancy between cycled and non-cycled samples is due to differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials constituting the concrete.     

如何防止空客340/330起飞落地时带坡度

坡度是飞机由于左右机翼升力不一致,绕纵轴滚转而形成的一定角度。现代大型运输机机翼翼展长,发动机离地面较低,如果低高度坡度过大,可能擦翼尖或发动机。另外,着陆时坡度过大还会造成单侧主轮接地而导致垂直过载偏大,影响方向的控制,危及飞行安全。就坡度的成因进行研究,并且给出了几种修正方法,理论与实践相结合,达到安全飞行。     

浅析视频压缩国际标准

对视频和音频信息进行交互性处理,是多媒体技术的基本特征之一.视频压缩技术是数字视频领域的一项关键技术.本文旨在介绍几种应用较为广泛的视频压缩国际标准,并重点分析了活动图象专家组MPEG-2的工作原理及主要应用.     

褶皱对碳纤维复合材料层合板压缩性能的影响

为研究纤维褶皱对碳纤维复合材料层合板压缩性能的影响,参考ASTM D6641—2014完成了含纤维褶皱碳纤维层合板压缩性能试验;同时采用基于Hashin失效准则及性能逐渐退化的渐进损伤方法进行了有限元分析。结果表明：褶皱程度为30%的凹陷试验件压缩极限载荷相比完好试验件降低了58.48%;同等褶皱程度下凹陷试验件比凸起试验件抗压强度更低;褶皱程度为30%的凹陷试验件刚度相比完好试验件降低了35.80%;有限元分析结果与试验吻合良好,试验件的损伤最初为基体损伤,经过扩展导致试验件在褶皱处断裂。     

Influence of fuel injection position and equivalent mixture ratio on chemical non-equilibrium effects of single expansion ramp nozzle

Chemical non-equilibrium flow was investigated for the scramjet single expansion ramp nozzle(SERN) with a strut-based liquid-kerosene-fueled combustor.Two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations were solved with the species conservation equation for continuous phase and the renormalization group(RNG) k-ε turbulence model.Lagrangian discrete-phase model was analyzed for liquid-kerosene droplets behavior in the supersonic stream.Combustion was simulated by kerosene surrogate fuel's 10-species and 13-step reduced reaction kinetics mechanism with use of Arrhenius's laminar finite rate model.Parametric studies were carried out to estimate the influence of different fuel injection positions and equivalent mixture ratios on the SERN chemical non-equilibrium effects.Numerical calculation results show that the strut-based combustor enables convenient modeling of various SERN entry conditions,which is similar with many preceding investigations,by changing the injector strut position and controlling the mass flow rate of each injector.Chemical non-equilibrium effects function in the whole SERN,especially in the initial flow expansion region,leads to obviously higher SERN performance of the non-equilibrium flow than that of the frozen flow.Furthermore,the distributed fuel injection pattern plays a significant role in enhancing the combustion efficiency in combustor,but weakening the chemical non-equilibrium effects funciton in SERN.Additionally,while the equivalent mixture ratio increases,the SERN thrust coefficient and lift coefficient rise gradually,and the increment of non-equilibrium flow in relation to frozen flow becomes higher as well.To be specific,the equivalent mixture ratio is 0.6,the maximum increment of thrust coefficient and lift coefficient are 11.6% and 25% respectively.      

非对称喷管超声速流场的PIV实验与数值模拟

选取了跟随性能以及散射性能都上佳的二氧化钛粒子,利用了粒子图像测速仪(particle image velocimetry,PIV)对不同落压比下的非对称喷管(single expansion ramp nozzle,SERN)流场进行了测量,成功获取了相应流动结构,以及沿程上壁面压力分布和速度场等.在测得的图像中,可以清晰地观察到由于过膨胀产生的激波与膨胀波系,并进一步获得出口速度分布.运用计算流体动力学数值模拟方法,对实验状态下的非对称喷管进行了模拟.对比结果发现:PIV实验测得流场结构能很好地与其吻合,这互相验证了CFD计算和PIV实验的正确性及可靠性.      

亚声速叶片与跨声速叶片的气动阻尼比较

为了研究叶轮机中叶片与流场流固耦合作用情况下的气动阻尼,分别以亚声速和跨声速转子叶片为例计算气动阻尼。根据对非定常气动力的分析,提出了一种与结构等效粘滞阻尼比对应的模态气动等效粘滞阻尼比的定义。采用弱耦合分域求解的算法,在线性范围内,计算并比较了跨声速叶片和亚声速叶片模态和振幅对模态气动阻尼比的影响,根据分布气动阻尼比研究压缩波对模态气动阻尼比的影响。研究结果表明这两类叶片的气动阻尼特性基本一致,所提参数对两类叶片的气动阻尼的影响基本相同。     

几何尺寸约束的超燃冲压发动机推力喷管设计

针对机体/推进系统一体化要求,提出了一种几何尺寸约束的超燃冲压发动机推力喷管设计方法,以实现在满足几何约束条件下优化喷管的气动性能。采用数值模拟对提出的设计方法展开了研究,在此过程中,首先校核了数值方法有效性并确定了网格分辨率。进一步就喷管设计过程中2个关键设计因子——比例因子和非对称因子开展了影响研究。最后为验证本文提出的设计方法的有效性和优越性,将其与典型截短设计方法进行对比分析。结果表明,相比截短方法,本文提出的设计方法不仅能够获得满足几何约束的喷管,同时可使喷管推力系数、升力和俯仰力矩分别提升33.36%、265.75%和37.21%。此外,本文提出的设计方法还可以通过调整设计因子来获得不同气动性能的喷管,进而满足应用过程中的实际需求。     

Effects of sintering temperature and time on defect evolution and compression properties of Ti-Al3Ti laminated composites

For metal-intermetallic laminated composites, various types of defects often occur during the preparation process. This paper studied the evolution and formation mechanism of defects,such as pores, tunnel cracks, and delamination cracks in Ti-Al₃Ti laminated composites prepared by vacuum hot-pressing method. Moreover, quasi-static and dynamic compression tests were performed to study the effects of pores and delamination cracks on the compression properties of the composites. The resu...