无人集群系统时变编队H∞控制

针对有向通信拓扑网络下具有通信时滞与外部干扰的无人集群系统（AUSS）时变编队H_∞控制问题进行了研究。首先，基于AUSS期望编队构型信息、无人机（UAV）实时状态信息以及通信UAV之间带通信时滞的状态误差信息提出了AUSS的编队控制方法，通过变量替换将AUSS的编队控制问题转换成低维闭环系统的渐近稳定问题，并以线性矩阵不等式（LMI）形式给出了系统稳定的充分条件与最大允许通信时滞的计算公式。其次，通过构造Lyapunov-Krasovskii（L-K）泛函，证明了存在通信时滞与外部干扰条件下AUSS能够实现时变编队。最后，通过数值仿真验证所设计方法的准确性与有效性。      

基于模型的装备维修性设计控制技术

伴随数字化设计方法日趋成熟,飞机装备维修性设计面临如何与三维数字化设计环境下功能性能设计同步的难题。对比分析了数字化环境维修性设计与传统维修性设计的主要差别,提出了基于飞机装备数字化设计环境维修性设计流程,研究了维修性设计参数的表达模型以及维修性参数信息在三维设计数字环境中的转化、集成与利用方式。基于图论和网络节点框图,提出了一种以节点网络图、单节点维修时间模型、维修过程时间模型为表征的飞机装备维修性设计与控制方法。经实例验证,提出的这套基于数字模型的维修性设计技术,对装备在数字化设计环境下同步开展维修性设计具有一定的工程指导价值。     

导流槽构型对火箭起飞时流场和声场的影响

为了研究四喷管运载火箭起飞时火箭周围噪声环境问题,建立燃气/空气双组分的可压缩流动模型,采用2阶Roe格式、SAS(scale-adaptive simulation)湍流模型和声学类比积分法Ffowcs-Williams Hawkings(FW-H)求解三维Navier-Stokes方程。以单机火箭的噪声问题为对象开展数值模拟,并将噪声数值计算结果与试验数据对比,误差在3dB以内(相对误差小于1.6%),验证预测噪声方法的有效性,进而研究四喷管运载火箭起飞阶段采用不同导流槽构型对箭体舱段区域噪声环境的影响,结果表明:在相同噪声接收点处,单侧导流槽对应的总声压级比双侧导流槽大,两者的总声压级(OASPL)之差最大为10.7dB。另外,当采用单侧导流槽时,沿周向接收点的噪声总声压相对单侧导流槽中心截面呈对称分布,而且沿导流出口方向逐渐增大。所建立的噪声数值方法为大推力捆绑运载火箭舱段的噪声环境预测及其控制提供一定参考。     

航空活塞二冲程发动机的可变排气阀换气过程

航空活塞二冲程发动机的换气过程直接影响发动机的性能,采用可变排气阀可以改善发动机的动力性能。通过GT-Power软件搭建发动机一维整机模型,进行可变排气阀的仿真研究,分析了发动机在不同转速、不同排气阀状态下的换气过程及排气阀状态对换气过程的影响。在此基础上,还对定速巡航工况下(6500r/min转速、50%节气门开度)的排气阀状态进行了优化。结果表明:不同的排气阀状态可以改变发动机排气过程压力波动的相位,从而影响发动机的换气品质及燃烧过程;在定速巡航工况下,排气阀为中等开度时(初级阀关闭、次级阀开启),其发动机动力性能达到最优。     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

介质材料对频率选择表面传输特性的影响

通过理论计算和实验验证分析了介质材料对频率选择表面传输特性的影响规律,讨论了蒙皮的厚度、介电常数,芯层厚度、介电常数四个因素对FSS的通带位置、宽度、损耗的影响。结果表明,蒙皮和芯层厚度增厚会使通带位置向低频移动,厚度减小通带位置向高频移动;蒙皮和芯层介电增大会使通带位置向低频移动,介电减小通带位置向高频移动。并测试了同样结构的FSS平板传输特性,理论分析和实验结果一致性较好。     

亚声速进气道设计敏感参数仿真分析

对不同气动布局的两种亚声速进气道建模,并针对两种进气道的敏感参数进行分析。通过对背部双发布局飞机进气道的隔道高度和喉道设计马赫数参数的研究可知,隔道高度增大或者喉道设计马赫数减小,使得进气道出口总压恢复系数增大,增量约0.5%。而对背部单发复杂形状进口(M型进口)布局飞机进气道的喉道形状研究显示,喉道形状越接近进口形状,进气道性能越好,较其他喉道形状进气道,M型喉道进气道出口总压恢复系数最高,最大增量约为1.5%。     

具有叶尖小翼的涡轮叶栅间隙流动的实验研究

涡轮动叶叶顶间隙流动是引起动叶内部流动损失的重要因素之一,大约30%的流动损失是由间隙流动引起的。对高负荷涡轮叶栅在间隙高度1%叶高、0°冲角的条件下,加装不同宽度和安装位置的叶尖小翼进行了实验研究,结果表明,压力面小翼在一定程度上削弱了泄漏涡强度,0.3倍叶片当地厚度的压力面小翼效果最佳。吸力面小翼可使泄漏涡运动轨迹向相邻叶片的压力面侧偏移、泄漏涡强度减弱,间隙泄漏损失降低。随着吸力面叶尖小翼宽度的不断增加,叶尖小翼对泄漏流动的控制作用也不断增强,当宽度在1.2倍叶片当地厚度时,对泄漏流动控制效果最好,可使叶栅测量截面总损失与不加小翼的叶栅相比降低28%。组合小翼不如单纯的吸力面小翼效果好。     

超燃燃烧室一维释热分布模型研究

为了预估超燃冲压发动机燃烧室内的释热分布,针对带凹腔稳焰器的燃烧室,总结了射流混合情况、来流温度和当量比对释热分布影响的实验规律,提出了主燃烧区的概念和分段线性拟合的建模思路。模型被分为隔离段、横向射流、燃烧室释热分布、主燃烧区反压四个部分。通过压力前推,进行代数的迭代计算,能够快速得到燃烧室释热分布的一维模型。利用实验图像和仿真计算数据,对模型得到的释热分布与燃烧效率进行了验证,模型可适用于隔离段来流2.1马赫以上的工况,且模型结果与仿真结果相关系数达到了0.9以上。