Remaining useful life prediction based on the Wiener process for an aviation axial piston pump

An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump’s degradation from comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char-acteristics must be factored into the estimation. The internal wear status of the axial piston pump is characterized by the return oil flow based on fault mechanism analysis of the main frictional pairs in the pump. The performance degradation model is described by the Wiener process to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of the pump. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is performed by utilizing the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the initial parameters of the Wiener process while recursive estimation is conducted utilizing the Kalman filter method to estimate the drift coefficient of the Wiener process. The RUL of the pump is then calculated accord-ing to the performance degradation model based on the Wiener process. Experimental results indi-cate that the return oil flow is a suitable characteristic for reflecting the internal wear status of the axial piston pump, and thus the Wiener process-based method may effectively predicate the RUL of the pump.     

耐磨贝氏体钢及其组织与性能研究

本研究有用廉价硅锰元素为主加元素开发铸态或空冷可获得贝氏体组织的耐磨钢，并对其机械性能和组织结果进行了分析测试，结果表明，该钢在获得高硬度高强度的同时有较高的韧性，所获得的贝氏体组织中的铸素体板条含有的过饱和碳和高密度原位错，板条间分布着高碳的奥氏体膜，用该钢制造的耐磨件工业应用表明比传统高锰钢和白口钎铁有更高的耐磨性，文章还对新钢种具有高的抗冲击磨粒磨损抗力原因进行了探讨。     

Electrochemical micromachining of microgroove arrays on phosphor bronze surface for improving the tribological performance

A high friction coefficient and a low wear rate of contacted surfaces are essential elements to friction pairs between the stator and the rotor in ultrasonic motors. It has been shown that surface textures have a significant effect on improving the tribological performance of friction pairs.In this paper, microgroove arrays are introduced to the stator surface for improving the tribological performance of friction pairs between the stator and the rotor in ultrasonic motors. Microgrooves were fabricated on a phosphor bronze surface by through-mask electrochemical micromachining(TMEMM). Parameters, namely, the electrolyte inlet pressure, applied voltage, pulse duty cycle,and frequency, were varied to investigate their influences on the dimensions and morphology of the microgrooves. Results showed that the width and depth of the microgrooves were strongly affected by the applied voltage and frequency, while the morphology of the microgrooves was dependent on the electrolyte inlet pressure and the pulse duty cycle. Compared with a smooth surface, the friction coefficient increased from 0.245 to 0.334 and less abrasion was obtained when a surface was textured with microgrooves of which the width and depth were 185.6 and 57.6 lm,respectively. Microgroove arrays might play an important role in enhancing the performance of ultrasonic motors.     

Mechanical wear debris feature,detection, and diagnosis: A review

Mechanical debris is an important product of friction wear, which is also a crucial approach to know the running status of a machine. Many studies have been conducted on mechanical debris in related fields such as tribology, instrument, and diagnosis. This paper presents a comprehensive review of these studies, which summarizes wear mechanisms (e.g., abrasive wear, fatigue wear, and adhesive wear) and debris features (e.g., concentration (number), size, morphology, and composition), analyzes detection methods principles (e.g., offline: spectrograph and ferrograph, and online: optical method, inductive method, resistive-capacitive method, and acoustic method), reviews developments of online inductive methods, and investigates the progress of debris-based diagnosis. Finally, several notable problems are discussed for further studies.     

考虑磨损效应的指尖密封瞬态泄漏特性分析

接触式指尖密封在工作过程中不可避免地会发生磨损,而磨损又会改变其泄漏特性进而影响旋转机械的效率。为了揭示磨损对指尖密封泄漏特性的影响规律,本文在指尖密封多孔介质流动分析模型的基础之上,建立了考虑转子离心膨胀和磨损效应的指尖密封瞬态泄漏特性数值分析模型,数值研究了转速和安装过盈量对指尖密封磨损及其对应的泄漏特性的影响规律。结果表明：考虑磨损效应时,指尖密封泄漏量随磨损时间的增加呈现出先减小后增大的趋势;转子转速越低,泄漏量降低至最小值所需的磨损时间越长,但最小泄漏量及其所对应的瞬态配合过盈量始终一致;安装过盈量越小,泄漏量降低至最小值所需的磨损时间越短,但最小泄漏量所对应的瞬态配合过盈量始终一致;此外,在任意磨损时刻,密封上下游压差越大泄漏量也越大。     

钛合金TB6刀具磨损铣削实验研究

使用硬质合金刀具对钛合金TB6进行正交铣削实验,对比分析不同切削参数下的刀具磨损情况,并用实验结果进行回归分析得到刀具磨损的回归公式。结果表明:刀具主要磨损在后刀面,其磨损大都呈现一条带状磨损带,在速度增大时大磨损带变长,刀具易发生脆性破损,且在刀具表面会出现钛合金粘连;对刀具耐用度的影响大小依次为切削速度、进给量、切削宽度和切削深度;刀具磨损回归方程具有良好的回归方差,能够很好的对刀具寿命进行预测。     

用离子束辅助沉积(IBAD)工艺制备TiCxNy膜的研究

用离子束辅助沉积（ＩＢＡＤ）工艺在９Ｃｒ１８、ＧＣｒ１５钢基体上形成了ＴｉＣｘＮｙ膜。ＴＥＭ观察发现膜均呈多晶结构,都具有（１１１）、（２００）和（２２０）择优取向。ＡＥＳ和ＸＰＳ分析进一步证实,ＴｉＣｘＮｙ膜呈含氧配置。干摩擦表明膜的抗氧化性能优良,其存在能有效抑制基体在摩擦过程中氧化膜的形成。又由于膜的硬度高,润滑性良好,每种基体的磨损特性都得到了显著地改善。但随着基体不同,膜的力学机械性能随     

铝合金表面贯穿式复合涂层设计、制备及性能研究

为了改善航空航天用铝合金的耐磨性能,尤其是保证在使用环境温度升高情况下铝合金的正常使用。本文在机械球磨涂层与基体之间扩散层形成原理的基础之上,设计三维立体状扩散层来增大涂层与基体之间结合性能;采用融合机械球磨、激光织构微孔和电沉积3种技术在铝合金表面制备贯穿式复合涂层,对复合涂层的力学和摩擦学性能进行测试分析。结果表明,电沉积Ni涂层完全覆盖了机械球磨涂层的织构表面,经过热处理后机械球磨涂层和电沉积涂层显微硬度分别约为285和165 HV,并且铝合金基体、机械球磨涂层和电沉积涂层3者界面处形成了三维立体结构扩散层。铝合金在室温情况下摩擦学性能表现正常,但在300℃下出现失效现象。针对4种复合涂层,室温下N150复合涂层的摩擦因数最低(约为0.7);300℃下N100、N150、N200复合涂层摩擦因数约为0.5。两种温度环境下4种样品的磨损率分布在(0.9～1.6)×10^-3mm³/(N·m),N100和N150复合涂层性能表现略好。采用该方法制备的贯穿式复合涂层在室温和300℃环境下有效的保护了铝合金基体,拓宽了铝合金的适用范围。     

DLC 和CrN 薄膜在油润滑下的摩擦性能

采用闭合场非平衡直流磁控溅射技术和阴极电弧离子镀技术在轴承钢表面分别制备了DLC 和

CrN 薄膜,在全配方发动机油(CF-4,15W/40)润滑条件下,选择DLC/ 钢、CrN/ 钢摩擦配副,用SRV-IV 摩擦实

验机考察了25℃和100℃时DLC 与CrN 薄膜在不同载荷下的摩擦因数和磨损率,并对摩擦界面进行分析。结

果表明:DLC 和CrN 薄膜在油润滑条件下的摩擦因数都随着载荷的增加而降低;DLC 和CF-4 构成的固液复合

润滑体系具有更加优异的摩擦学性能;活性较高的CrN 薄膜与发动机油中的添加剂相互作用,在摩擦界面上

发生摩擦化学反应形成摩擦化学反应膜,并且薄膜表面形成的氧化层有利于提高薄膜在高温时的耐磨性。

     

Evaluation of tool wear and cutting performance considering effects of dynamic nodes movement based on FEM simulation

An accurate estimation of tool wear morphology can provide the opportunity to investigate the influence of tool wear on cutting performance as well as reduce the overall production cost. However, tool wear prediction is still a very challenging research issue. In this paper, a novel method for simulating the actual chip formation and wear evolution thorough the 3D finite element model has been carried out. In order to improve the accuracy of simulation results, the influence of worn tool, stress and temperature distribution on wear rate are considered. Then cutting experiment has been conducted by turning AISI1045 with uncoated carbide tools to validate the accuracy of the proposed model. The comparison between experimental and simulation results show good agreement which proves the ability of the proposed model in forecasting the tool wear. The validated finite element model has been further utilized studying how the worn tool affects the cutting performance including actual cutting rake, stress distribution, cutting force and temperature. The results of this paper not only provide a clear understanding of wear evolution between tool rake face and chip, but also are meaningful to optimize tool design and cutting parameters.