分布式航天器相对位置测量平台设计

分布式航天器间相对位置的实时高精度测量是分布式航天器实现空间队形保持的关键技术之一。为了对相对位置测量方法进行研究、分析和论证，建立了分布式航天器相对位置测量地面实验平台。介绍了分布式航天器相对位置测量和解算的基本原理；论述了仿真平台的组成和功能；基于仿真平台对相对位置测量精度进行了仿真试验，试验结果显示该平台具有良好的性能指标；最后介绍了相对位置解算仿真评估软件的设计方法。     

小波技术在组合导航系统故障诊断中的应用

针对组合导航系统中存在的故障类型和特点，提出一种新的基于信号处理的故障检测方法。该方法利用小波分析技术对含有故障信息的系统信号进行分析处理，并将此方法应用于SINS／GPS组合导航系统。仿真结果分析表明，小波分析技术能很好地及时检测出组合导航系统的硬故障，且更加简便灵活，从而可以将小波分析技术应用于组合导航系统的故障检测。     

D-S证据理论在多传感器数据融合中的应用

近年来，许多领域都在进行多传感器数据融合技术的研究。多传感器数据的属性融合有很多算法，最常用的算法是贝叶斯决策检验法，国际上已提出将证据理论用于数据融合，但在这方面的理论基础还不完善。本文研究了证据理论在多传感器数据融合中的应用。Ｄｅｍｐｓｔｅｒ－Ｓｈａｆｅｒ方法是对Ｂａｙｅｓ决策检验法的推广，证据理论比概率论满足更弱的公理系统，并且在区分不确定与不知及精确反映证据收集过程等方面显示了很大的灵活性。文中阐述了Ｄ－Ｓ证据理论的数学性质，给出了可信度公理及Ｄ－Ｓ综合规则，并进行了计算机仿真实验，实验结果说明这种判决方法非常实用，用于数据融合算法非常有效     

CCD信号采样位置选取方法的研究

针对CCD输出信号中的复位噪声,文章介绍了处理复位噪声较为常用的方法--相关双采样技术,并对相关双采样技术中采样位置选取的方法进行分析和研究,最后进行了实验验证.结果表明:用文中方法选取的采样位置进行相关双采样,可以较好的减小CCD输出信号中复位噪声的影响,提高信噪比.     

数字图象信号的电缆传输

结合强力输送带横向断裂预报检测系统，介绍一种数字图象信号电缆异步传输的具体实现方法，它满足某些工业检测和控制系统的远地数字信号传输的要求。内容包括多路数据信号合成与分解，信号的编码、解码和识别再生三部分主要硬件电路的设计思想。最后给出了传输实验结果     

DME询问信号捕获的设计与实现

捕获询问信号是DME地面设备的一个重要功能组成部分。现役的地面设备中大多使用的捕获单元为分离器件电路设计，其电路复杂，控制难度大，改进与维护成本高。针对这些问题，本文设计采用ADC结合FPGA作为主要功能器件，并通过软件算法完成数字滤波、脉冲峰值提取和半幅点计算，实现询问信号的识别与捕获。不仅大幅减少元器件的使用，缩小设备体积，还可提高扩展性与可靠性。结合机柜验证测试，结果符合设计要求。     

合理运用SI技术快速收敛高速数字电路设计

随着数字电路集成度和工作频率的不断提高,信号完整性(Signal Integrity, SI)问题在产品研制过程中越来越突出。以惯导系统中的某导航计算机为例,针对故障信号回路,使用仿真软件对其SDRAM时钟信号进行信号完整性仿真,并进行优化设计。通过对比优化前和优化后的仿真与测量结果,验证了由于端接参数不匹配造成SDRAM时钟信号的非单调性畸变问题。仿真与测量结果表明,在产品研制流程中加入信号完整性仿真环节有利于设计快速收敛,提前规避风险,缩短研发周期,降低设计成本,提高电路产品的可靠性和电磁兼容性。     

Characterization of ionospheric amplitude scintillations using wavelet entropy detrended GNSS data

The extensive monitoring networks of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ionospheric scintillation have been established to continuously log observation data. Further, the amplitude scintillation index and the phase scintillation index, which are derived from scintillation observations, are anticipated to accommodate the accuracy requirement of both the user level and the monitoring station level. However, raw scintillation observations essentially measure superposed waveform impairments of GNSS signals propagating through ionosphere and troposphere. It implies that fluctuations of raw scintillation observations are caused by multiple factors from the entire radio propagation environment. Hence, it is crucial to characterize ionospheric scintillations from GNSS observation data. And the characterization is implemented through extracting fluctuations of raw observations merely induced by ionospheric scintillations. Designed to address this problem by means of Fourier filtering detrending, the present work investigates the influence of varying detrending cutoff frequencies on wavelet statistical energy and wavelet entropy distributions of scintillation data. It consequently derives criteria on the optimum detrending cutoff frequency for three types of raw amplitude scintillation data, which are classified by their wavelet energy distributions. Results of the present work verify that detrending with specific optimum cutoff frequencies rather than the fixed and universally applicable one renders the validity and credibility of characterizing ionospheric scintillations as the part of GNSS observation fluctuations purely induced by ionosphere electron density irregularities whose scale sizes are comparable with or smaller than the Fresnel scale.     

Passive localization by a single moving observer using TOA only with unknown SRI: Observability analysis and algorithm

Passive localization by a single moving observer using Time of Arrival (TOA) only with an unknown Signal Repetition Interval (SRI) is investigated in this paper. Observability analysis is performed first. The observability condition for uniquely determining the emitter position and SRI is derived. The conditional Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is also analyzed. It is found that the ambiguity of the SRI integer of the first TOA does not affect the theoretical estimation precision of the emitter position and SRI. A Reference-Fixed Differential TOA (RFDTOA)-based Iterative Maximum Likelihood Estimator (IMLE) is proposed, which only needs O(M) computational operations. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the Mean Square Error (MSE) of the proposed algorithm could attain the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

风云二号卫星 CDAS 原始云图解调器

在传统四次方环基础上提出了一种适用于快捕的新方法——四次方环开关法;根据这一原理研制的风云二号ＣＤＡＳ原始云图解调器具有捕获快,捕捉带宽,误码率性能好等特点;经测试及实用证明,此解调器性能优良,完全能满足实际需要。