Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

轻型高强Al-Si/SiC复合材料反射镜的制备与性能

文章采用反应烧结工艺制备 Si/SiC 材料,然后通过真空扩散渗铝工艺制备了 Al-Si/SiC 复合材料。通过精确调控浸渗合金的铝浓度使制备的Al-Si/SiC复合材料具有可控的热膨胀系数,利用该工艺制备出热膨胀系数连续可调（4.6×10-6K-1~8.7×10-6K-1,0~40℃）的 Al-Si/SiC 复合材料,其力学性能优异,经检测密度为2.86g/cm3,弹性模量为236GPa,断裂韧性为6.1MPa＆#183;m1/2,可采用线切割、铣磨、钻孔、攻丝等手段加工,相比SiC陶瓷材料更易于高精度机械加工。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,制备的Al-Si/SiC复合材料均匀、致密,光学抛光后表面粗糙度均方根值达到1.017 nm。各项测试数据表明, Al-Si/SiC复合材料作为反射镜可以满足空间光学的应用。     

基于碟形砂轮磨齿的面齿轮包络残差研究

介绍了采用碟形砂轮磨削面齿轮的原理及过程,研究了齿廓包络和齿宽包络两种包络方式产生包络残差的机理.分别建立了两种加工方式下包络残差的计算模型和方法,并研究了所产生包络残差的特点.通过数值算例分析了包络过程中刀具周向进给角度、齿宽方向进给量以及碟形砂轮外径对齿面包络残差的影响规律.计算结果表明:齿宽包络比齿廓包络具有更高的效率.进行了以齿廓包络方式的面齿轮磨齿加工实验,当刀具周向进给角度分别取为2°,1°,0.5°及0.2°时,齿面表面粗糙度逐渐明显提高,齿面磨削加工印痕的数目和方向与包络仿真计算结果一致.初步证明根据包络残差计算结果选取合适的进给量参数,可以保证面齿轮磨齿加工的表面粗糙度水平并能提高加工效率.      

PREDICTION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS FOR END MILLING TITANIUM ALLOY USING MODIFIED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION LS-SVM

It is difficult to construct the prediction model for titanium alloy through analyzing the formation mecha- nism of surface roughness due to the complicated relation between influential factors and surface roughness. A no- vel algorithm based on the modified particle swarm optimization （PSO） least square support vector machine （LS- SVM） is proposed to predict the roughness of the end milling titanium alloys. According to Taguchi method and features in milling titanium alloys, the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on surface roughness are investigated with the analysis of variance （ANOVA） of the experimental data. The research results show that the construction speed of the modified PSO LS-SVM model is two orders of magnitude faster than that of back propagation（BP） model. Moreover, the prediction accuracy is about one order of magnitude higher than that of BP model. The modified PSO LS-SVM prediction model can explain the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on the surface roughness of titanium alloys. Either a higher cutting speed, a lower feed rate or a smaller axial depth of cut can lead to the decrease of surface roughness.     

二维沟槽粗糙槽道内的湍流特性研究

采用激光多普勒测速技术对光滑和粗糙槽道湍流特性进行了实验研究。粗糙元为二维横向V型沟槽,沟槽深度为0.8mm,沟槽间距为6.4mm,对应的槽道半高度与沟槽深度比为12.5。基于中线时均速度和槽道半高度的流动雷诺数范围为2740～17400。实验测量了包括时均速度、湍流强度、雷诺切应力和速度脉动偏斜因子和平坦因子在内的湍流统计量,结果表明沟槽型粗糙度对湍流的影响不仅局限于边界层内区,而是延伸到整个边界层范围。粗糙壁面上的粗糙度函数随雷诺数的增大而增大,时均亏损速度也较光滑壁面高。沟槽抑制了内区的流向湍流强度,同时增大了外区的湍流强度。粗糙壁面上的雷诺切应力高于光滑壁面,且与湍流强度一样表现出对雷诺数的依赖性。尽管沟槽型粗糙度对流向平坦因子影响不大,但对流向偏斜因子有显著影响。     

GH4169高速铣削参数对表面粗糙度影响研究

采用正交试验法,使用整体硬质合金刀具进行GH4169高温合金的高速铣削试验,分析了各切削参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,建立了表面粗糙度的预测模型,运用方差分析法,检验了模型的显著性。结果表明:每齿进给量对表面粗糙度的影响最大,其次是铣削深度,铣削速度的影响最小。较高的切削速度和较低的进给速度的交互作用对提高表面质量是有利的。     

激光冲击强化提高主动连杆振动疲劳性能

针对某型发动机放气活门主动连杆转接R处的疲劳断裂问题,进行了主动连杆激光冲击强化工艺研究;完成了原型件和激光冲击强化、喷丸及加大R3种处理工艺后主动连杆振动疲劳对比试验.结果表明,在317MPa的应力水平下,激光冲击强化、喷丸和加大R后主动连杆疲劳寿命分别为原型件的5.24倍、3.89倍及1.36倍;与其它2种工艺相比,激光冲击强化具有强化效果好、工艺稳定性高、易于实现等优点,是截至目前减少主动连杆疲劳断裂故障的最佳处理工艺.主动连杆激光冲击强化后表面粗糙度较小,产生深度约1.4mm的高数值残余压应力层,表层晶粒细化至纳米晶并伴随高密度位错.三者共同作用可以有效缓解转接R处的应力集中,抑制疲劳裂纹在转接R处的萌生和扩展,是主动连杆振动疲劳寿命提高的主要原因.     

用转捩模型预测转捩及确定最佳粗糙带高度

采用SST k-ω二方程湍流模型,附加γ-Reθ转捩模型对不同迎角下的NACA0012翼型绕流进行了转捩预测,计算预测的转捩位置与实验结果符合较好,说明γ-Reθ转捩模型对转捩位置具有较好的预测能力。进一步用模型对带有粗糙带的翼型进行转捩预测,获得了不同雷诺数下刚好激发转捩又不引起过大局部压力扰动和附加阻力的最低粗糙带高度,对固定转捩风洞实验有指导意义。     

硅化物涂层电子束重熔表面改性技术

在Nb521铌合金表面采用料浆烧结法制备硅化物涂层,利用高频扫描电子束对硅化物涂层进行重熔处理,通过扫描电子显微镜对处理样品表面形貌进行组织结构分析。研究表明,经过电子束重熔处理,硅化物涂层表面陶瓷晶粒粒度降低,表面粗糙度降低,陶瓷颗粒之间烧结作用增强,重熔区域与未处理区域具有明显的边界,电子束能量分布较均匀,电子束重熔提高了硅化物涂层的抗氧化性能和抗热震性能。     

应用于陶瓷试件的胶粘剂粘贴强度研究

陶瓷试验件在800℃以上快速升温过程中,对粘贴温度传感器的胶粘剂剥离试件现象进行研究。首先从接触角入手,阐述试验用高温胶粘剂在陶瓷试件表面进行粘贴的前提条件是胶粘剂与被粘贴物表面的接触角θ范围为0°≤θ90°;对实际中陶瓷试件表面的粗糙化处理影响胶粘剂粘贴强度进行了理论和试验分析,说明对试件表面适当粗糙化处理提高了粘贴强度并减小了接触角;最后对高温胶粘剂在高温固化过程中的加压工艺改进进行说明,并进行了试验,试验结果表明工艺改进改善了试验过程中的胶粘剂剥离问题。