Sulfur “concrete” for lunar applications – Sublimation concerns

Melting sulfur and mixing it with an aggregate to form “concrete” is commercially well established and constitutes a material that is particularly well-suited for use in corrosive environments. Discovery of the mineral troilite (FeS) on the moon poses the question of extracting the sulfur for use as a lunar construction material. This would be an attractive alternative to conventional concrete as it does not require water. However, the viability of sulfur concrete in a lunar environment, which is characterized by lack of an atmosphere and extreme temperatures, is not well understood. Here it is assumed that the lunar ore can be mined, refined, and the raw sulfur melded with appropriate lunar regolith to form, for example, bricks. This study evaluates pure sulfur and two sets of small sulfur concrete samples that have been prepared using JSC-1 lunar stimulant and SiO₂ powder as aggregate additions. Each set was subjected to extended periods in a vacuum environment to evaluate sublimation issues. Results from these experiments are presented and discussed within the context of the lunar environment.     

四边Bézier曲面与三角B-B曲面的光滑拼接

 <正> 三角B-B曲面具有许多类似于四边B（?）zier曲面的性质,如果将二者结合使用,则可以处理比较复杂的问题,有重要的实用意义。最近,刘鼎元教授给出了四边B（?）zier曲面片G¹拼接的充分必要条件,并给出了G^拼接的两个充分条件:简单连接条件和升阶连接条件。本文将升阶连接条件用于四边B（?）zier曲面和三角B-B曲面的G¹拼接。结合使用简单连接条件,解决了在一般G¹连续的四边B（?）zier曲面中嵌入G¹连续的三角B-B曲面片的问题。     

梁/液体耦合振动的边界积分对称列式法

 利用格林积分导出的液体内部扰动压力函数作为测试函数,通过变分得到一组具有对称系数的代数方程,将该方程同梁的有限元振动方程联立后,即可求解梁在液体中的耦合振动问题。本方法具有未知数目少,数据存储和计算效率高的特点。     

基于DSP的UAV飞控计算机设计与半物理仿真

飞行控制计算机(FCC)作为飞行控制系统的核心，担负着多种任务。随着系统功能的日益增多，飞行包线的不断扩大，模拟式FCC已经越来越不能满足系统要求。针对目前FCC向数字式、智能化方向发展，本文利用高速DSP芯片，结合复杂可编程器件(CPLD)，设计出一种集高可靠性、高集成度、高精度于一体的新型FCC，最后在此基础上外加了数据采集卡组成闭环半物理系统，并进行了仿真。仿真结果表明，本文这一全新尝试完全可行，且应用前景将非常广泛。     

热等静压处理对定向凝固NiAl/Cr(Mo,Hf)合金沉淀相和高温拉伸性能的影响

 研究了经热等静压处理后定向凝固 Ni Al/Cr(Mo,Hf)合金中的沉淀相和高温拉伸性能的变化。通过透射电镜和扫描电镜观察发现 :热等静压处理后,Ni Al和 Cr(Mo)相的形貌变化不大,聚集在 Ni Al/Cr(Mo)相界上的 Heusler减少并在 Ni Al,Cr(Mo)相中重新分布。从界面能的角度解释了 Heusler相主要沉淀在Ni Al/Cr(Mo)相界上的原因。热等静压处理后合金中不存在 G相。高温瞬时拉伸实验表明此合金具有优异的高温拉伸强度。     

The Coma of Comet 9P/Tempel 1

As comet 9P/Tempel 1 approaches the Sun in 2004–2005, a temporary atmosphere, or “coma,” will form, composed of molecules and dust expelled from the nucleus as its component icy volatiles sublimate. Driven mainly by water ice sublimation at surface temperatures T > 200 K, this coma is a gravitationally unbound atmosphere in free adiabatic expansion. Near the nucleus (≤ 10² km), it is in collisional equilibrium, at larger distances (≥10⁴ km) it is in free molecular flow. Ultimately the coma components are swept into the comet’s plasma and dust tails or simply dissipate into interplanetary space. Clues to the nature of the cometary nucleus are contained in the chemistry and physics of the coma, as well as with its variability with time, orbital position, and heliocentric distance. The DI instrument payload includes CCD cameras with broadband filters covering the optical spectrum, allowing for sensitive measurement of dust in the comet’s coma, and a number of narrowband filters for studying the spatial distribution of several gas species. DI also carries the first near-infrared spectrometer to a comet flyby since the VEGA mission to Halley in 1986. This spectrograph will allow detection of gas emission lines from the coma in unprecedented detail. Here we discuss the current state of understanding of the 9P/Tempel 1 coma, our expectations for the measurements DI will obtain, and the predicted hazards that the coma presents for the spacecraft. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Deep Impact Mission Design

The Deep Impact mission is designed to provide the first opportunity to probe below the surface of a comet nucleus by a high-speed impact. This requires finding a suitable comet with launch and encounter conditions that allow a meaningful scientific experiment. The overall design requires the consideration of many factors ranging from environmental characteristics of the comet (nucleus size, dust levels, etc.), to launch dates fitting within the NASA Discovery program opportunities, to launch vehicle capability for a large impactor, to the observational conditions for the two approaching spacecraft and for telescopes on Earth.     

The History and Dynamics of Comet 9P/Tempel 1

Since its discovery in 1867, periodic comet 9P/Tempel 1 has been observed at 10 returns to perihelion, including all its returns since 1967. The observations for the seven apparitions beginning in 1967 have been fit with an orbit that includes only radial and transverse nongravitational accelerations that model the rocket-like thrusting introduced by the outgassing of the cometary nucleus. The successful nongravitational acceleration model did not assume any change in the comet’s ability to outgas from one apparition to the next and the outgassing was assumed to reach a maximum at perihelion. The success of this model over the 1967–2003 interval suggests that the comet’s spin axis is currently stable. Rough calculations suggest that the collision of the impactor released by the Deep Impact spacecraft will not provide a noticeable perturbation on the comet’s orbit nor will any new vent that is opened as a result of the impact provide a noticeable change in the comet’s nongravitational acceleration history. The observing geometries prior to, and during, the impact will allow extensive Earth based observations to complement the in situ observations from the impactor and flyby spacecraft.     

G/K织物混杂增强复合材料层合板冲击损伤特性研究

采用空气炮实验装置、渗透剂增强的X射线照相法和高强光背射法对中心受到横向冲击的G／K织物混杂增强复合材料层合板的冲击损伤情况进行研究，讨论了G、K织物交替铺层时层合板的应力特征与损伤状况，分析了面、背板与芯板材质变化时层合板的应力与冲击损伤的关系、铺层角变化时层合板的损伤特征。结论强调指出，为提高复合材料层合板的抗弹能力，应采用混杂铺层、铺层角的错配方式，并避免将Kevlar作为背板使用。     

双(口恶)唑啉化合物改性热固性树脂的研究

采用自制2,2′-(1,3-苯)双(4,5-二氢)(口恶)唑分别与热塑性酚醛树脂或二氨基二苯甲烷(DADPM)进行聚合反应制得了聚醚酰胺树脂(PEAR)和聚氨基酰胺树脂(PAAR).实验表明PEAR的冲击强度达到6 kJ/m2以上,弯曲强度达到100MPa以上,且电绝缘性能优良,可作为H级绝缘材料使用;PAAR的冲击强度最高达到22kJ/m2,弯曲强度达到202 MPa,电绝缘性能较PEAR稍差,但仍然可作为H级绝缘材料使用,另外还可望作为无卤阻燃材料使用.以这两种高性能热固性树脂为基体可制备出性能优良的玻璃布复合材料.