硅微陀螺仪的一种新型闭环驱动方案

介绍了一种新的硅微陀螺仪闭环驱动方案.该方案采用推挽驱动方式,即在陀螺仪活动梳齿两边的驱动电极上分别施加同相交流电压和反相直流电压.对驱动性能进行了分析,结果表明驱动力矩的频段与噪声信号频段是分离的.在此基础上,利用锁相技术满足正弦自激振荡的相角和增益条件,建立环路的自激振荡,实现了闭环控制.同时在闭环回路中利用正弦自激振荡的相角条件和锁相环的鉴相特性,消除了驱动信号对驱动检测信号的同频干扰,抑制了环路中的噪声干扰.试验结果显示,驱动电压的频率和幅度的变化量均在0.02%以下,实现了驱动稳幅稳频的目的,陀螺仪精度和可靠性得到了显著提高.     

碳化硅基直流固态断路器短路保护方法

碳化硅器件比硅器件具有更低的导通电阻,用其制作直流固态断路器可以大大降低其通态损耗,减轻散热压力。然而相比于硅器件,由于碳化硅器件管芯面积小,电流密度大,其短路能力相对较弱,短路保护要求更高。为确保碳化硅器件安全可靠工作,提高碳化硅基直流固态断路器的可靠性,对比分析了硅基与碳化硅基MOSFET的短路能力,揭示了其器件恶化机理,研究了栅源极电压箝位方法,并结合去饱和检测,提出了一种基于源极寄生电感的"软关断"短路保护方法,制作了直流固态断路器样机进行实验验证。实验结果表明,所提方法可以降低功率器件的关断电压应力、抑制短路电流,适合碳化硅基直流固态断路器短路保护。     

活性炭负载二氧化钛改性聚丙烯熔喷无纺布的制备及吸附性能

将活性炭、二氧化钛、聚丙烯等原料经物理共混处理,通过熔喷制成活性炭负载二氧化钛改性聚丙烯熔喷无纺布。采用热分析曲线(Differential scanning calorimeter,DSC)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、电子织物拉伸机、可见分光光度计等对改性无纺布的微观结构、结晶性能、力学性能、吸附性能进行表征。结果表明:活性炭负载二氧化钛比例为1∶3时活性炭负载二氧化钛的降解率高,二氧化钛分布均匀,依照此比例的活性炭负载二氧化钛与聚丙烯进行熔喷制备无纺布。随活性炭负载二氧化钛的加入量的提高,活性炭负载二氧化钛改性聚丙烯无纺布的吸附性能增强,当活性炭负载二氧化钛的添加量为4%时,吸附性能较好;活性炭负载二氧化钛的添加使无纺布的力学性能出现最大值,且无纺布的结晶度和熔点无明显变化。     

基于倒金字塔减反射结构的多晶黑硅及其高效太阳电池

采用酸体系的纳米重构(Nano structure rebuilding,NSR)溶液对黑硅纳米结构进行重构,得到不同尺寸的倒金字塔减反射微结构,实现了低成本纳米减反射微结构多晶黑硅(Multicrystalline-black silicon,mc-bSi)太阳电池的量产。先用Ag金属催化腐蚀(Metal assisted chemical etching,MACE)对砂浆切割(Multi wire slurry sawn,MWSS)多晶硅片(Multicrystalline silicon,mc-Si)进行了研究,发现倒金字塔结构的面夹角均为54.7°,且500nm尺寸大小的倒金字塔结构黑硅太阳电池的转换效率达到了18.62%,电池的表面反射率降低至3.29%。研究了Ag/Cu双原子催化腐蚀法对金刚线切割(Diamond wire sawn,DWS)多晶硅片的制绒效果,发现多晶硅片表面金刚线切割痕几乎消失不见,采用倒金字塔尺寸为600nm的DWS片样品制备出了性能最佳的太阳电池,其开路电压Voc为640mV,短路电流密度Jsc为37.35A/cm2,填充因子FF为79.91%,最高效率为19.10%,高于同结构的MWSS多晶黑硅太阳电池。     

大气环境监测卫星校飞试验设计与验证

针对大气环境监测卫星上国际首次采用主被动结合探测体制的效能,在卫星研制初样阶段开展了多载荷综合探测航空校飞试验,验证了大气探测激光雷达(ACDL)探测性能以及双偏振载荷匹配探测原理,并为地面应用系统提供真实遥感数据源,验证数据处理方法的正确性。详细介绍了大气环境监测卫星校飞试验的总体设计方案,系统阐述了试验目的、系统构成、试验过程,对试验结果进行了详细分析,为卫星发射入轨后应用效能保证奠定了基础,同时为后续校飞试验积累了经验。     

A hybrid chemical modification strategy for monocrystalline silicon micro-grinding: Experimental investigation and synergistic mechanism

For high performance manufacturing of micro parts and features, a hybrid chemical modification strategy is proposed to decrease critical energy barrier of mechanical removal of hard and brittle crystal material by refining localized machining condition. The strategy, namely UV-light and IR-laser hybrid chemical modification (UVIR-CM) strategy, includes two steps, an ultraviolet light (UV-light) catalytic advanced oxidation and an infrared laser (IR-laser) assisted selective modification based on Fenton liquid–solid reaction for monocrystalline silicon. The modification effects of UVIR-CM strategy were investigated by surface morphology micro-observation, cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, Raman spectroscopy analysis and nanoindentation test. Experimental results demonstrated that varied degrees of laser texturing appeared on different strategy samples’ IR-laser scanned area. And the IR-laser thermal damage has been successfully inhibited due to the refraction and reflection of energy by bubbles in liquid medium. But for the UVIR-CM strategy, a uniform and amorphous silicate layer is detected in a certain boundary. The UV-light promotes oxidation cycle ability of the chemical solution and ensures sufficient oxide modified layer for subsequent step. Attributing to synergism of photochemical, photothermal and kinetic effects induced by IR-laser, the modified layer displays layered structure with about 600 nm thickness, (2.7 ± 0.60) GPa nanohardness, and (93.7 ± 22.9) GPa indentation modulus. And the layered structure is amorphous layer, nanocrystal and micro-twins layer from the surface to the interior of sample. Consequently, it reveals that the subsequent mechanical removal will become easy due to decreasing energy barrier of monocrystalline silicon in selective area. Meanwhile, its original excellent mechanical properties also are maintained under a certain depth. The results contribute to develop a novel combined micro-machining technology to achieve collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity for micro parts and feature.     

大气激光雷达热控设计与验证

大气激光雷达(ACDL)的构型复杂，周围热环境恶劣，激光器的散热及光学部件的温度控制是主要难点。利用热仿真软件对激光雷达进行了典型工况的热仿真分析，得到各主要部件温度分布情况:激光器底部的温度波动<0.5 ℃;接收望远镜主镜能够控制在20 ℃，温度波动0.1 ℃/轨。同时将热平衡试验结果及在轨飞行数据进行了比对，试验结果能够较好地包络在轨情况，验证了热设计的合理性及试验测试的覆盖性。     

干式铣削Al-50wt%Si高硅铝合金刀具磨损与表面粗糙度评价

本文以Al-50wt%Si高硅铝合金为研究对象，采用单因素试验方法进行无涂层硬质合金刀具干式铣削试验，分析切削参数对刀具磨损和表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明：表面粗糙度受每齿进给量的影响最显著，随每齿进给量的增加而增加，当每齿进给量从0.07 mm/z增加到0.16 mm/z时，表面粗糙度增加2倍；刀具磨损受切削速度的影响最显著，随切削速度的增加而增加，当切削速度从140 m/min增加到260 m/min时，切削总长度降低3倍，而刀具后刀面磨损量仅是260 m/min速度下的0.8倍；表面粗糙度随刀具磨损的增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势，切削长度从350 mm增加到1 750 mm，刀具磨损量平均增加4.5倍，而表面粗糙度却下降2倍；硬质合金刀具主要的磨损形式为磨粒磨损、崩刃。     

A power and thermal management system for long endurance hypersonic vehicle

Due to the pneumatic heating and combustion effect, the scramjet engine of hypersonic vehicle faces high temperature challenge. It is necessary to comprehensively consider its thermal management and power generation together. A new Power and Thermal Management System (PTMS) combined with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO₂) closed Brayton cycle and fuel vapor turbine is proposed and discussed in this paper. The new PTMS can meet the cooling requirement of hypersonic vehicle at Mach number 6–7, and avoid the coking and scrapping in the scramjet cooling channels. Compared with the PTMS only based on fuel vapor turbine, the new PTMS utilizes the waste heat of scramjet to generate more electricity. In addition, it can reduce the use of fuel sink for cooling, and the additional weight penalty can be compensated for long endurance hypersonic flight.     

空间用太阳翼电路部分隔离二极管应用分析

针对空间太阳翼隔离二极管的应用,结合标准规范及太阳翼电路部分的工程设计约束与在轨应用经验,给出了空间太阳翼电路部分隔离二极管的设计方案;结合工程研制经验,给出了不同类型太阳翼电路部分隔离二极管的应用建议,为相关科研人员提供参考。