电离层综合探测器数据采集处理单元设计研究

电离层综合探测器(CDI)是一种面向快速响应航天器平台、用于原位综合探测电离层等离子体及未完全电离中性气体的新概念空间环境探测仪器, 实现了对常规平板朗缪尔探针、阻滞势分析器和离子阱质量分析器的小型化、一体化设计与集成. 本文基于USB2.0接口和FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array)技术, 选用高集成度的COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf)器件, 对CDI多通道数据采集处理单元的系统方案和硬件设计进行研究, 并对FPGA的逻辑资源利用情况和Fusion器件内部ADC采样以及FIFO (First Input First Output)读写时序进行了仿真和分析.      

Effects of dust polarity and nonextensive electrons on the dust-ion acoustic solitons and double layers in earth atmosphere

Propagation of dustion acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) and double layers is discussed in earth atmosphere, using the Sagdeev potential method. The best model for distribution function of electrons in earth atmosphere is found by fitting available data on different distribution functions. The nonextensive function with parameter $q=0.58$ provides the best fit on observations. Thus we analyze the propagation of localized waves in an unmagnetized plasma containing nonextensive electrons, inertial ions, and negatively/positively charged stationary dust. It is found that both compressive and rarefactive solitons as well as double layers exist depending on the sign (and the value) of dust polarity. Characters of propagated waves are described using the presented model.     

磁赤道异常区电离层F区不均匀体发展过程中的闪烁谱研究

本文对我国磁赤道异常区海口站的夜间电离层不均匀体引起的闪烁进行了谱分析，并进行了理论模拟。大部分闪烁出现在午夜前后且持续时间较长。分析结果发现：这种持续时间较长的闪烁的末期和初期的闪烁谱结构有显著差异，末期闪烁谱高频段较初期要明显陆峭，即谱指数显著增大。由此推测出不均匀体发展末期费涅耳尺度以下的不均匀体首先衰减消失，这与国外某些轨道卫星就地测量结果大致相符。同时还从闪烁谱推测出不均匀体发展末期的漂     

太阳活动区R9077引起的强烈吸收事件

利用南极中山站的观测数据分析了太阳活动区R9077所引起的强烈吸收事件，其中2000年7月14日的太阳质子事件引起了持续3天多强烈的极盖吸收，同时，激烈的太阳活动使磁层处于极度扰动状态，磁层高能粒子沉降使许多持续时间较短的吸收峰叠加在极盖吸收背景之上，最突出的是7月1日的吸收增强事件，其最大值达26dB。这是自1997年2月中山站安装成像式宇宙噪声接收机以来观测到的最强的吸收，另一个较突出的吸收峰发生在14日1753UT前后，本文还讨论了产生这些吸收的原由。     

赤道电离层F区底部准正弦型不均匀体引起闪烁的数值模拟

本文采用多重相屏模型, 考虑不均匀体特征尺度随高度的变化, 模拟了赤道电离层F区底部准正弦型(BSS)不均匀体引起的闪烁。模拟计算结果表明:BSS不均匀体的特征尺度随高度变化可以导致闪烁谱和不均匀体谱之间谱指数的显著差异。      

空间环境对无线电波传播的影响综述

文章研究了空间环境对无线电通信的影响,主要体现在多种因素制约下的等离子体环境对电波传播的影响。首先介绍了几种典型的电离层模型,接着详细讲述了工程实用电离层模型;随后给出了电磁波在等离子体环境中的传播路径和等离子体介质在磁场环境下对电磁波影响的定量分析,并建议将空间等离子体环境（包括星际等离子体环境和电离层等离子体环境等）作为一个整体进行研究,来考虑地磁场对等离子体电磁特性的影响;最后基于目前理论的不足与实际需求的矛盾,探讨未来的研究方向。     

Ionospheric oscillations caused by geomagnetic Pi2 pulsations and their observations by multipoint continuous Doppler sounding; first results

In 2004, we started operating a continuous Doppler sounding system to investigate ionospheric signatures of infrasonic, short period acoustic gravity waves and geomagnetic pulsations. Since January 2007, four stable 3.59 MHz transmitters have been in operation in the western part of the Czech Republic. Multipoint measurements enable us to investigate horizontal propagation of waves and disturbances in the ionosphere and to estimate horizontal distances over which these waves (disturbances) are correlated.     

Effects of solar activity variations on the low latitude topside nighttime ionosphere

We have studied the topside nighttime ionosphere of the low latitude region using data obtained from DMSP F15, ROCSAT-1, KOMPSAT-1, and GUVI on the TIMED satellite for the period of 2000–2004, during which solar activity decreased from its maximum. As these satellites operated at different altitudes, we were able to discriminate altitude dependence of several key ionospheric parameters on the level of solar activity. For example, with intensifying solar activity, electron density was seen to increase more rapidly at higher altitudes than at lower altitudes, implying that the corresponding scale height also increased. The density increased without saturation at all observed altitudes when plotted against solar EUV flux instead of F10.7. The results of the present study, as compared with those of previous studies for lower altitudes, indicate that topside vertical scale height increases with altitude and that, when solar activity increases, topside vertical scale height increases more rapidly at higher altitudes than at lower altitudes. Temperature also increased more rapidly at higher altitudes than at lower altitudes as solar activity increased. In addition, the height of the F2 peak was seen to increase with increasing solar activity, along with the oxygen ion fraction measured above the F2 peak. These results confirm that the topside ionosphere rises and expands with increasing solar activity.     

中山站电离层尖峰脉冲型吸收统计特性

通过对南极中山站成像式宇宙噪声接收机2000至2001年的观测数据进行分析,得到了189例电离层尖峰脉冲型吸收事件,按其发生时间可分为夜侧吸收事件(69例)和日侧吸收事件(120例).对这两类吸收事件进行对比统计研究,得到了其吸收发生时间、吸收持续时间、吸收强度、吸收区域形状和空间尺度、运动状况以及吸收事件与地磁Kp指数关系等特性,并对电离层尖峰脉冲型吸收的可能产生机制进行了讨论.