航天器故障诊断与容错控制技术研究综述

详细综述了航天器故障诊断与容错控制的研究进展。重点从基于模型的方法、基于数据的方法和基于知识的方法三个方面分别阐述了航天器故障诊断技术的研究进展，并且总结了航天器容错控制技术的研究现状，然后介绍了国内外的一些相关技术项目的开展情况，最后对未来可能的发展方向进行了探讨。     

具有多个执行机构Lurie系统的时滞相关稳定性

Ｌｕｒｉｅ时滞控制系统是工程实践中经常遇到的一类重要的非线性控制系统，本文根据微分方程理论，提出了不确定性具有多个执行机构的Ｌｕｒｉｅ时滞控制系统时滞相关稳定的充分性判据，并给出系统衰减速度的估计方法。该方法仅需假定时滞有界，因而其结论适扩用于变时滞的系统。文末给出应用本文结果的两个应用实例，并与相关成果进行了比较，计算结果表明了本文方法的有效性。     

CONTROL OF TWO DIMENSIONAL JETS USING MINIATURE ZERO MASS FLUX JETS

Zero mass flux jets, synthesized by acoustic actuators, have been used for the purpose of jet mixing enhancement and jet vectoring. Zero mass flux jets composed of entirely entrained fluid allow momentum transfer into the embedding flow. In the present experiments, miniature-scale high aspect ratio actuator jets are placed along the long sides and near the exit plane of a primary two-dimensional jet. In different modes, the primary jet can be vectored either towards or away from the actuator jets and the jet mixing is enhanced. The disturbance of the excitation frequency is developed while the unstable frequency of the primary jet is completely suppressed.     

敏捷制造模式下的质量保证信息系统

客户驱动的动态的全球市场及地理上分布的合作伙伴给开发敏捷制造模式下的质量保证信息系统(QAIS)带来了新的挑战,本文先对敏捷制造模式下的QAIS进行了需求分析,提出了新的分布式QAIS的实现框架,利用当前迅速发展的信息技术,建立了QAIS的开发环境并对有关关键技术进行了初步研究,最后开发完成了一个基于Web的QAIS原型系统.     

基于加速度测量的智能桁架结构振动主动控制

加速度传感器具有频带宽、结构简单、重量轻等优点而获得了广泛使用，因此研究基于加速度测量的结构控制系统具有较大的实用价值。文中的只能获得加速度时，采用模态滤波器技术实现从物理加速度响应解耦得到单模态加速度的响应。然后改变Ｌｕｅｎｂｅｒｇｅｒ观测器的结构形式，从模态加速度响应观测得到模态们移和模态速度响应。基于模态滤波器和最优控制理论，采用独立模态空间控制策略，实现了具有密集模态的三维柔性智能桁架结构     

Global aerodynamic design optimization based on data dimensionality reduction

In aerodynamic optimization, global optimization methods such as genetic algorithms are preferred in many cases because of their advantage on reaching global optimum. However, for complex problems in which large number of design variables are needed, the computational cost becomes prohibitive, and thus original global optimization strategies are required. To address this need, data dimensionality reduction method is combined with global optimization methods, thus forming a new global optimization system, aiming to improve the efficiency of conventional global optimization. The new optimization system involves applying Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) in dimensionality reduction of design space while maintaining the generality of original design space. Besides, an acceleration approach for samples calculation in surrogate modeling is applied to reduce the computational time while providing sufficient accuracy. The optimizations of a transonic airfoil RAE2822 and the transonic wing ONERA M6 are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new optimization system. In both cases, we manage to reduce the number of design variables from 20 to 10 and from 42 to 20 respectively. The new design optimization system converges faster and it takes 1/3 of the total time of traditional optimization to converge to a better design, thus significantly reducing the overall optimization time and improving the efficiency of conventional global design optimization method.     

Development,integrated investigation,laboratory and in-flight testing of Chibis-M microsatellite ADCS

Design, analytical investigation, laboratory and in-flight testing of the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of a microsatellites are considered. The system consists of three pairs of reaction wheels, three magnetorquers, a set of Sun sensors, a three-axis magnetometer and a control unit. The ADCS is designed for a small 10–50 kg LEO satellite. System development is accomplished in several steps: satellite dynamics preliminary study using asymptotical and numerical techniques, hardware and software design, laboratory testing of each actuator and sensor and the whole ADCS. Laboratory verification is carried out on the specially designed test-bench.In-flight ADCS exploitation results onboard the Russian microsatellite “Chibis-M” are presented. The satellite was developed, designed and manufactured by the Institute of Space Research of RAS. “Chibis-M” was launched by the “Progress-13M” cargo vehicle on January 25, 2012 after undocking from the International Space Station (ISS). This paper assess both the satellite and the ADCS mock-up dynamics. Analytical, numerical and laboratory study results are in good correspondence with in-flight data.     

充液航天器姿态控制研究进展

首先介绍了充液航天器刚-液耦合动力学建模的研究现状,以及目前被广泛使用的等效晃动力学模型的建模方法;其次针对不同执行器的选取,总结分析了基于李亚普诺夫稳定性原理、滑模控制、自适应反馈控制等充液航天器抑制液体燃料晃动、控制姿态的方案;最后,对目前国内充液航天器姿态控制问题进行了总结,并展望了充液航天器未来的研究方向.     

航空航天智能材料与智能结构研究进展

智能材料作为新兴多功能材料,能够实现结构功能化、功能多样化。智能结构是在结构中集成智能材料作为传感器和驱动器,使结构除了具有承载、传力、连接等功能外,还具有自感知、自诊断、自驱动、自修复等能力,以更好地适应外界环境的变化,可显著提升航空航天架构的性能。目前智能材料与智能结构已成为航空航天架构减重增效研究的重点。根据国内外智能材料和结构的研究进展,综述了压电材料、铁磁材料、形状记忆材料、智能复合材料等智能材料的发展;讨论了智能结构的研究及应用前景,包括自诊断智能结构、自修复智能结构和减振降噪智能结构;最后,指出了智能材料与结构当前面临的一些挑战性问题,展望了其在航空航天领域的应用前景。     

燃气轮机涡轮叶顶间隙气热技术研究进展

涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏流动对其流道内气动损失、传热状况甚至总体效率都有较为明显的影响,是降低涡轮气热性能的关键因素之一。长期以来,叶顶间隙区域的流动传热机理及其气热控制一直是燃气轮机领域研究的一个热点和难点问题。鉴于此,从叶顶间隙泄漏流动机理及影响因素、间隙泄漏控制方法、叶顶传热冷却机理、影响因素与控制、叶顶间隙气热优化以及过渡态叶顶间隙变化规律及建模与控制等方面对国内外近十年来涡轮叶顶间隙气热技术方面的研究进展进行综述,并简要总结了叶顶间隙泄漏流的常用研究方法,包括流动传热试验与数值计算方法等。最后,对涡轮叶顶间隙气热技术的未来研究重点和发展趋势进行了展望。