Jitter reduction of a reaction wheel by management of angular momentum using magnetic torquers in nano- and micro-satellites

Nowadays, nano- and micro-satellites, which are smaller than conventional large satellites, provide access to space to many satellite developers, and they are attracting interest as an application of space development because development is possible over shorter time period at a lower cost. In most of these nano- and micro-satellite missions, the satellites generally must meet strict attitude requirements for obtaining scientific data under strict constraints of power consumption, space, and weight. In many satellite missions, the jitter of a reaction wheel degrades the performance of the mission detectors and attitude sensors; therefore, jitter should be controlled or isolated to reduce its effect on sensor devices. In conventional standard-sized satellites, tip-tilt mirrors (TTMs) and isolators are used for controlling or isolating the vibrations from reaction wheels; however, it is difficult to use these devices for nano- and micro-satellite missions under the strict power, space, and mass constraints. In this research, the jitter of reaction wheels is reduced by using accurate sensors, small reaction wheels, and slow rotation frequency reaction wheel instead of TTMs and isolators. The objective of a reaction wheel in many satellite missions is the management of the satellite’s angular momentum, which increases because of attitude disturbances. If the magnitude of the disturbance is reduced in orbit or on the ground, the magnitude of the angular momentum that the reaction wheels gain from attitude disturbances in orbit becomes smaller; therefore, satellites can stabilize their attitude using only smaller reaction wheels or slow rotation speed, which cause relatively smaller vibration. In nano- and micro-satellite missions, the dominant attitude disturbance is a magnetic torque, which can be cancelled by using magnetic actuators. With the magnetic compensation, the satellite reduces the angular momentum that the reaction wheels gain, and therefore, satellites do not require large reaction wheels and higher rotation speed, which cause jitter. As a result, the satellite can reduce the effect of jitter without using conventional isolators and TTMs. Hence, the satellites can achieve precise attitude control under low power, space, and mass constraints using this proposed method. Through the example of an astronomical observation mission using nano- and micro-satellites, it is demonstrated that the jitter reduction using small reaction wheels is feasible in nano- and micro-satellites.     

卡氏天线副面补偿技术中副面焦点坐标调整量的高精度数据拟合

基于新疆110m射电望远镜预研项目、南山天线改造计划和国家对航天领域的战略需求,对大型卡氏天线主面板变形的副面实时补偿作了深入研究。简单介绍了副面补偿的理论模型并用静力分析法得出若干特殊仰角下的调整量,进而运用MATLAB对调整量进行了高精度的数据拟合。给出了线性最小二乘法和正交多项式最小二乘法2种拟合方法拟合模型方程,通过误差分析从不同方面对比了拟合方法的效果,在阶数为4、精确至小数点后15位时,2种拟合方法的误差差值数量级为10-13 mm,且小于零。最终选择并应用精度更高的正交多项式最小二乘拟合方法在特定的俯仰角度范围内生成了部分调整量数据,为副反射面在任意俯仰角下的补偿过程创造了条件,满足了天文观测和航天深空探测对数据准确性和系统可靠性的要求,具有一定的实用性。     

当前公立医院财政补偿模式的困境与思考

分析国家对公立医院实行财政补偿的模式。结合新医改的精神和当前公立医院财政补偿的现状,对我国公立医院财政补偿中存在的问题进行探讨。解析当前财政补偿模式面临的困境,为公立医院今后可持续发展提供建议。     

OFDM 系统的频率同步技术研究

频率偏差会导致 OFDM 系统的子载波间干扰,系统性能的下降.本文建立仿真模型,并对不同频率偏差对系统性能的影响进行了仿真研究.结合仿真分析,针对 LTE 下行 OFDM 系统中的频率同步技术给出了一种合适的同频偏估计和补偿的方案,仿真验证了其有效性和可行性     

基于AVR32的小型磁航向系统设计

现有的磁航向测量系统体积、重量、功耗偏大,并且调试、误差补偿算法复杂、整体费用偏高,针对这些问题,设计了一个在小角度俯仰、滚转情况下的小型磁航向测量系统.该系统采用带DSP指令的32位高速处理芯片AVR32 UC3B0256、新型倾角传感器SCA100T以及磁阻传感器HMC 1022构成数字化解算平台,实现了误差补偿.实验数据显示,在水平状态下,磁航向测量值最大误差为±1.4；当俯仰角低于30°或滚转角低于35°时,随着角度的增加,磁航向输出误差变化不大,最大误差分别为3.7°和2.8°;当俯仰角超过30°或滚转角超过35°时,磁航向输出误差会急速增大.结果表明,该系统在小角度俯仰、滚转情况下具有较准确的磁航向角解算能力.     

The thermospheric composition different responses to geomagnetic storm in the winter and summer hemisphere measured by “SZ” Atmospheric Composition Detectors

Three “SZ” Atmospheric Composition Detectors (ACDs) on board spacecraft “SZ-2”, “SZ-3” and “SZ-4” were launched on 10th January 2001, 26th March 2002 and 31st December 2002 separately. A large quantity of thermospheric composition data at the orbital altitude ranging from 330 to 362 km were collected from the in-situ measurement of ACDs. The spacecrafts’ lifetime was just in the second peak period of the 23rd solar cycle which includes two peaks and the solar activity value F_10.7 was from 89 to 228. During this period, several intense geomagnetic disturbances happened.     

基于TMS320C6201的MPEG-4运动补偿快速算法

MPEG-4是一种面向多媒体的压缩编码标准，运动补偿是MPEG-4视频压缩编码标准中的一种重要算法，本文讲述了在DSP TMS320C6201上快速实现MPEG-4运动补偿的方法，并给出了测试结果。该算法的设计思想也适用于MPEG-1、MPEG～2和H．263等视频压缩标准。     

加速度场离心试验用一体化大量程六维力传感器的研制

鉴于离心式加速度场模拟试验系统的需要,研制了一种大量程六维力传感器。在力传感器传统设计方法基础上,重点分析了传感器结构优化、材料选型、加工工艺、惯性耦合补偿等控制环节的影响。利用有限元方法对所设计的六维力传感器维间耦合、加速度场惯性效应耦合及输入输出关系进行仿真分析;借助相应的标定系统,实现六维力耦合效应的标定测试和耦合矩阵的获取,基于标定误差矩阵建立六维力传感器惯性效应补偿;静/动态实验结果表明所设计的大量程六维力传感器完全满足大加速场下力测试精度和稳定性要求。     

具有双功能的电子式转速表的原理设计与应用

本文较详细地论述了双功能电子式转速表的原理，并将转速测量和超速保护两个系统有机地统一起来，成为即能测量发凡轴转速、双能监测发动机超速，并同时给出控制信号，推动执行机构，保护发动机，最后给出实用的电路图。