计算大型实对称特征问题的 Lanczos-QR 算法

为了计算大型实对称特征值问题Ｋｘ＝λＭｘ的少数低阶特征值对，本文给出Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ－ＱＲ迭代方法。首先，给定初始迭代向量ｖ１，作ｍ步Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ分解：ＫＶｍ＝ＭＶｍＴｍ＋ｈｍｅｍＴ。取Ｔｍ的ｄ个最大特征值为移位量，对Ｔｍ进行ｄ步带原点位移的ＱＲ分解。然后，修改初始迭代向量ｖ１。迭代地重新开始这一过程，迫使初始迭代向量ｖ１进入需求的特征子空间，从而使残量‖Ｋｘ－θＭｘ‖→０。数值例子表明，该方法收敛性强，且稳定、有效。     

论英语教学中的语感培养策略与方法

随着英语教学改革的深入,语感在教学中越来越受到关注,以至成为英语教学研究的一个新焦点。通过对学生英语学习现状进行分析,提出培养学生英语语感的策略与方法。     

基于大学生形体训练必要性的探究

在现代社会中，追求人体的外在美与内在美的统一与和谐已成为人们对美的认识与评判的一个基准。对即将踏出大学校门走上工作岗位的大学生们来讲，拥有健康的体魄、健美的体型、良好的姿态以及高雅的气质和风度是他们求职、适应社会竞争、获得发展所必需具备的条件。笔者通过调查发现，当代大学生在体型、体态、仪表等方面存在着许多问题，因此，高校有必要开设形体训练课，对学生针对性地进行训练。     

Optimization of entry-vehicle shapes during conceptual design

During the conceptual design of a re-entry vehicle, the vehicle shape and geometry can be varied and its impact on performance can be evaluated. In this study, the shape optimization of two classes of vehicles has been studied: a capsule and a winged vehicle. Their aerodynamic characteristics were analyzed using local-inclination methods, automatically selected per vehicle segment. Entry trajectories down to Mach 3 were calculated assuming trimmed conditions. For the winged vehicle, which has both a body flap and elevons, a guidance algorithm to track a reference heat-rate was used. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the shape using objectives related to mass, volume and range. The optimizations show a large variation in vehicle performance over the explored parameter space. Areas of very strong non-linearity are observed in the direct neighborhood of the two-dimensional Pareto fronts. This indicates the need for robust exploration of the influence of vehicle shapes on system performance during engineering trade-offs, which are performed during conceptual design. A number of important aspects of the influence of vehicle behavior on the Pareto fronts are observed and discussed. There is a nearly complete convergence to narrow-wing solutions for the winged vehicle. Also, it is found that imposing pitch-stability for the winged vehicle at all angles of attack results in vehicle shapes which require upward control surface deflections during the majority of the entry.     

项目教学法在《电视机原理与维修》中的应用

通过项目教学法，对《电视机原理与维修》这门课程进行课程改革，在改革中强调课程的理实结合，重点培养学生的基本技能，使学生具备一定的电路原理图分析能力和电路故障分析与排除能力。     

Robust adaptive fault-tolerant control of a tandem coaxial ducted fan aircraft with actuator saturation

This paper is concerned with the robust adaptive fault-tolerant control of a tandem coaxial ducted fan aircraft under system uncertainty, mismatched disturbance, and actuator saturation. For the proposed aircraft, comprehensive controllability analysis is performed to evaluate the controllability of each state as well as the margin to reject mismatched disturbance without any knowledge of the controller. Mismatched disturbance attenuation is ensured through a structured H-infinity controller tuned by a non-smooth optimization algorithm. Embedded with the H-infinity controller, an adaptive control law is proposed in order to mitigate matched system uncertainty and actuator fault. Input saturation is also considered by the modified reference model. Numerical simulation of the novel ducted fan aircraft is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results reveal that the proposed adaptive controller achieves better transient response and more robust performance than classic Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) method, even with serious actuator saturation.     

现代远程教育的媒体素材构建方法

本文阐述了媒体素材的采集及处理方法 ,对现代远程教育工程建设可提供有效的帮助     

固体火箭的鲁棒自适应耗尽关机制导方法研究

针对固体火箭的耗尽关机制导问题,提出了一种基于闭路制导和零射程线相结合的自适应耗尽关机制导方法,该方法首先利用闭路制导技术,使待增速度快速收敛;随后基于零射程线理论,设计了对关机时间变化不敏感的零射程线能量耗散管理导引律和末速精调导引律,提高了耗尽关机方法在推力、秒耗、关机时间随机摄动条件下的鲁棒性和自适应性以及制导精度,从而拓展了耗尽关机显示制导方法的工程化应用.     

迎角受限的高超声速飞行器固定时间鲁棒控制

针对高超声速飞行器动力学模型强耦合、非对称时变迎角限制、气动参数高度不确定以及跟踪误差收敛速率要求高等问题,设计了一种考虑非对称时变迎角限制的高超声速飞行器固定时间非奇异切换控制策略。为了解决非对称时变迎角限制问题,首先限制迎角虚拟控制器的幅值并设计固定时间误差补偿系统补偿迎角虚拟控制器饱和带来的不利影响,然后设计了一种新的光滑切换的非对称时变障碍函数限制迎角跟踪误差,从而使迎角满足非对称时变限制。光滑切换技术以及固定时间收敛技术也应用于其他虚拟控制律和实际控制律的设计中,以避免奇异值问题并且保证闭环系统的固定时间稳定。此外,设计了一种固定时间稳定的鲁棒补偿器用以补偿系统不确定性带来的不利影响。严格的数学推导证明了本文方法的正确性,仿真结果验证了本文方法的有效性和优越性。     

Aeroelastic two-level optimization for preliminary design of wing structures considering robust constraints

An aeroelastic two-level optimization methodology for preliminary design of wing struc- tures is presented, in which the parameters for structural layout and sizes are taken as design vari- ables in the first-level optimization, and robust constraints in conjunction with conventional aeroelastic constraints are considered in the second-level optimization. A low-order panel method is used for aerodynamic analysis in the first-level optimization, and a high-order panel method is employed in the second-level optimization. It is concluded that the design of the abovementioned structural parameters of a wing can be improved using the present method with high efficiency. An improvement is seen in aeroelastic performance of the wing obtained with the present method when compared to the initial wing. Since these optimized structures are obtained after consideration of aerodynamic and structural uncertainties, they are well suited to encounter these uncertainties when they occur in reality.