压气机引气系统典型减涡器减阻特性对比分析

为对用于压气机引气系统的典型减涡器结构的减阻特性进行对比,采用数值模拟与试验研究相结合的方法对带三种典型减涡器的径向内流共转盘腔模型开展研究,并与无减涡器共转盘腔基准模型进行了对比。模型试验验证了数值模拟方法的可靠性,通过数值模拟,分析了各模型流场结构、速度分布、哥氏力分布和压力损失特性,对典型减涡器的减阻特性有了更深入的认识。结果表明：虽然三种典型减涡器结构差异较大,通过布置不同结构的减涡器,降低或抑制了共转盘腔内旋流比的增长速度和幅度,显著降低了压气机引气系统径向内流共转盘腔的压力损失,获得相近的减阻效果。与基准模型相比,在计算模型进出口截面间,去旋喷嘴式减涡器模型压力损失降低了73.4%;管式减涡器模型压力损失降低了80.7%,翅片式减涡器模型压力损失降低了84.5%。     

Mesh deformation on 3D complex configurations using multistep radial basis functions interpolation

The Radial Basis Function (RBF) method with data reduction is an effective way to perform mesh deformation. However, for large deformations on meshes of complex aerodynamic configurations, the efficiency of the RBF mesh deformation method still needs to be further improved to fulfill the demand of practical application. To achieve this goal, a multistep RBF method based on a multilevel subspace RBF algorithm is presented to further improve the efficiency of the mesh deformation method in this research. A whole deformation is divided into a series of steps, and the supporting radius is adjusted in accordance with the maximal displacement error. Furthermore, parallel computing is applied to the interpolation to enhance the efficiency. Typical deformation problems of the NASA Common Research Model (CRM) configuration, the DLR-F6 wing-body-nacelle-pylon configuration, and the DLR-F11 high-lift configuration are tested to verify the feasibility of this method. Test results show that the presented multistep RBF mesh deformation method is efficient and robust in dealing with large deformation problems over complex geometries.     

Effects of the radial blade loading distribution and B parameter on the type of flow instability in a low-speed axial compressor

Previous studies showed that an axisymmetric hub-initiated disturbance defined as partial surge may initiate the stall of a transonic compressor; to reveal the instability evolution under full-span incompressible flow for different levels of hub loading and B parameter, an experimental investigation is conducted on a single-stage low-speed compressor. Experimental results show that under a uniform inflow condition without inlet flow distortion, a modal-type stall inception dominates in this low-speed compressor. When an inlet screen introducing hub distortion is used to increase the hub loading, a compressor stall is initiated by a modal wave, but large disturbances are present in the hub region before the compressor stall, which become stronger as the hub loading increases. Under high hub loading and large B parameter (implemented by adding hub distortion through an inlet screen and enlarging the outlet plenum volume, respectively), a compressor stall is triggered by an axisymmetric hub-initiated disturbance, which is much different from the modal-like disturbances. The beginning of this axisymmetric disturbance may be captured over 800 rotor revolutions prior to the onset of stall, and the amplitude grows with time. The disturbance is hub-initiated because the disturbance signal at the hub is detected much earlier than that at the tip; meanwhile, the frequency of this axisymmetric disturbance changes with the length of the inlet duct. The characteristics of instability evolution in the low-speed compressor are also compared with those in a transonic compressor.     

基于北斗卫星速度外推的GEO卫星速度解算方法

北斗二代导航系统是我国自主开发的区域卫星导航系统,该系统利用GEO卫星实现了区域卫星导航定位。针对GEO卫星的特点,现有的GEO卫星速度解算方法分为微分法与差分法两种,这两种方法各有优缺点。为了进一步提高GEO卫星速度计算的效率与精度,首先对两种计算GEO速度的计算方法进行了推导,从计算精度、计算量,计算时间和软件实现难易程度对两种方法进行了对比,同时提出了一种利用卫星加速度进行卫星速度外推的方法,仿真结果表明这种方法能够提高接收机的测速精度,且计算量较小,工程实现难度较低。     

弧齿锥齿轮传动试验器动力特性计算及分析

采用弯扭耦合传递矩阵法计算弧齿锥齿轮传动试验器的动力特性,研究弧齿锥齿轮啮合力作用下试验转子动力特性规律,分析试验器轴承受力及齿轮箱振动,各项计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。      

A partition of unity level set method with moving knot CS-RBFs for optimizing variable stiffness composites

A partition of unity level set method with moving knot Compactly Supported Radial Basis Functions (CS-RBFs) is proposed for optimizing variable stiffness composite structures. The iso-contours of a level set function are utilized to represent the curved fiber paths, and the tangent vector of the iso-contour defines the orientation of fiber. The level set function of the full design domain is constructed according to the Partition of Unity (POU) method by a set of local level set functions defined on an array of overlapping subdomains, and they are constructed by using the CS-RBFs. The positions of knots are iteratively changed during the optimization to improve the performance of composite structures. Several examples of compliance minimization are presented.     

Developing a novel radial ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding device and evaluating its performance in machining PTMCs

Particle-reinforcing titanium matrix composites(PTMCs) exhibit the sharp raising applications in modern industries owing to its extraordinary physical and mechanical properties. However, the poor grindability and unstable grinding processes due to the existence of TiC particles and TiB short fibres inside PTMCs, leading to the sudden grinding burn and low material removal rate.In this work, a novel radial ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding(RUVAG) device with a special cross structure was dev...     

An intelligent approach for flight risk prediction under icing conditions

Flight risk prediction is significant in improving the flight crew’s situational awareness because it allows them to adopt appropriate operation strategies to prevent risk expansion caused by abnormal conditions, especially aircraft icing conditions. The flight risk space representing the nonlinear mapping relations between risk degree and the three-dimensional commanded vector(commanded airspeed, commanded bank angle, and commanded vertical velocity) is developed to provide the crew with practi...     

基于iSIGHT的大膨胀比5.0级向心涡轮多目标优化与分析

针对轻量化、紧凑化、高效化的向心叶轮设计需求，对5.0大膨胀比向心涡轮进行三维多目标优化。首先，基于iSIGHT，集成Numeca，CFX软件及自编程序，搭建了三维气动优化集成系统，实现向心涡轮流道、叶片的参数化、网格划分、数值计算及三维结果的自动处理与优化，且其所需的存储空间仅为原优化系统的2.4%，极大地降低了对计算机存储空间的要求；其次，针对向心叶轮造型参数众多所导致的优化规模巨大问题，采用试验设计方法（DOE）详细地开展了流道、叶片的控制参数对涡轮性能的影响研究，得到造型参数对涡轮效率的贡献度，继而给出了优化变量的选取依据，从102个造型参数中选取23个作为优化变量，减少了优化的盲目性，缩短了优化时长，极大地减轻了工作量，提高了优化效率；最后，考虑涡轮性能、排气损失以及叶轮轻量紧凑化的需求，以涡轮总对静效率η_ts，级出口气流角α₆及叶片的表面积A作为优化目标，采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行多目标优化并探讨相应机理。优化后，叶轮的轴向长度缩短了8.09%，叶片的表面积减小了8.46%，有效降低了叶轮的尺寸及重量；在保持涡轮进口流函数和膨胀比基本不变的情况下，设计点涡轮总对静效率提高了0.1%，级出口绝对气流角仅降低1°，且不同转速下涡轮的性能基本保持不变。以上研究表明，该三维优化系统和多目标优化方法的有效性。