同步三轴卫星初期能源过剩预案处理策略

同步三轴卫星中的能源分系统是卫星各系统中重要的组成部分,能源系统中任何异常将严重影响卫星功能的发挥。预想能源系统中分流器异常,通过对南分流器异常的分析,提出两种应对策略,并在仿真计算的基础上进行可行性分析,得出一种切实可行的应对策略,为同步三轴卫星长期管理中异常处理提供了分流器异常的可行性预案。     

民用飞机燃油泵的点火源防护

本文介绍民用飞机点火源防护的历史来源,提出接地故障保护的概念,分析接地故障中断继电器的基本工作原理及其在民用飞机上的应用。     

Dynamics of the plasma sheet in the magnetotail: Interrelation of turbulent flows and thin current sheet structures

Dynamics of the magnetotail involves elementary processes of magnetic field merging (reconnection layer formation) occurring on medium spatial scales. Every such process features two different stages, a fast one and a subsequent slower one. The corresponding short time scale _T1$T_1$ is associated with disturbances propagating in the tail lobes. The longer time scale _T2$T_2$ is associated with plasma motions in the plasma sheet. A disturbance appearing in the magnetotail on the time scale _T1$T_1$ results in a loss of equilibrium in the plasma sheet. By means of theoretical argument and numerical simulation, it is shown that the relaxation process which follows on the time scale _T2$T_2$, produces extremely thin embedded current sheets, along with generation of fast plasma flows. The process provides an effective mechanism for transformation of magnetic energy accumulated in the magnetotail, into energy of plasma flows. The fast flows may drive turbulent motions on shorter spatial scales. In their turn, those motions can locally produce very thin current sheets; after that, nonlinear tearing process leads to generation of neutral lines, and reconnection. The latter produces new fast disturbances on the time scale _T1$T_1$ closing the feedback loop.     

火星空间大尺度电流体系分布特征

在MHD模型基础上, 对火星空间环境的电流分布进行了模拟. 结果表明, 火星空间存在着弓激波电流、磁堆积区电流、电离层电流和磁尾电流. 弓激波电流在激波曲面上均由北向南自成体系, 电流密度在弓激波顶区域较大. 在向阳面磁堆积区边界电流与电离层电流彼此耦合形成完整的回路, 在背阳面磁堆积区边界电流与磁尾中心电流片耦合形成完整的回路.      

火星磁场产生的原因及其分布

构建了一个可以得到火星赤道面上磁场分布的模型. 模型根据卫星观测数据, 提出了火星电离层、磁层顶和磁尾电流片上都各自通有电流的假设. 由电流的连续性条件可知, 这三种背景条件下的电流之间满足一定关系, 即火星磁层顶上的总电流是电离层上的总电流与磁尾电流片上的总电流之和. 这些电流产生的磁场与太阳风磁场共同构成了火星赤道面上磁场分布. 通过计算发现, 采用这种磁场模型得到的结果与目前卫星所观测的结果以及与采用其他方法得到的结果符合得较好.      

2001年9月15日Cluster卫星对电流片的观测研究

2001年9月15日0430-0515 UT期间,Cluster卫星多次穿越磁尾电流片.由FGM、CIS等仪器获得了电流片磁场,粒子速度等数据变化情况,并得到了磁尾高速流的两次明显反转.本文采用GSM坐标系.利用求磁场空间梯度张量的方法获得了越尾电流,其电流密度的峰值为28nA/m2.并对电流片在垂直方向上的摆动和在晨昏方向的波动现象进行了分析.数据显示此时电流片为薄电流片并有一个变薄的趋势,其厚度大约为0.2-0.3 Re.磁场重联时地向流与尾向流均超过了1000 km/s,并测得了电流片的法线方向和运动速度,从而得到了磁尾电流片的结构和运动情况.      

Numerical Modeling of the Ring Current and Plasmasphere

Over the last 25 years, considerable scientific effort has been expended in the development of quantitative models of the dynamics of Earth's inner magnetosphere, particularly on studies of the injection of the storm-time ring current and of dynamic variations in the shape and size of the plasmasphere. Nearly all modeling studies of ring-current injection agree that time-varying magnetospheric convection can produce approximately the ion fluxes that are observed in the storm-time ring current, but the truth of that assumption has never been demonstrated conclusively. It is not clear that the actual variations of convection electric fields are strong enough to explain the observed flux increases in ~100 keV ions at the peak of the storm-time ring current. Observational comparisons are generally far from tight, primarily due to the paucity of ring-current measurements and to basic limitations of single-point observations. Also, most of the theoretical models combine state-of-the-art treatment of some aspects of the problem with highly simplified treatment of other aspects. Even the most sophisticated treatments of the sub-problems include substantial uncertainties, including the following: (i) There is still considerable theoretical and observational uncertainty about the dynamics of the large-scale electric fields in the inner magnetosphere; (ii) No one has ever calculated a force-balanced, time-dependent magnetic-field model consistent with injection of the storm-time ring current; (iii) The most obvious check on the overall realism of a ring-current injection model would be to compare its predicted Dst index against observations; however, theoretical calculations of that index usually employ the Dessler-Parker-Sckopke relation, which was derived from the assumption of a dipole magnetic field and cannot be applied reliably to conditions where the plasma pressure significantly distorts the field; (iv) Although loss rates by charge exchange and Coulomb scattering can be calculated with reasonable accuracy, it remains unclear whether wave-induced ion precipitation plays an important role in the decay of the ring current. However, considerable progress could be made in the next few years. Spacecraft that can provide images of large regions of the inner magnetosphere should eliminate much of the present ambiguity associated with single-point measurements. On the theoretical side, it will soon be possible to construct models that, for the first time, will solve a complete set of large-scale equations for the entire inner magnetosphere. The biggest uncertainty in the calculation of the size and shape of the plasmasphere lies in the dynamics and structure of the electric field. It is still not clear how important a role interchange instability plays in determining the shape of the plasmapause or in creating density fine structure.     

使用电流传感器的ACI／DCV转换电路

介绍一种使用电流传感器的交流电流－直流电压（ＡＣＩ／ＤＣＶ）转换电路，具有与被测电路隔离、体积小、测量范围广、线性度好等特点。     

零磁通直流电流传感器及其在电流标准源中的应用

介绍零磁通电流检测原理,探讨100A直流电流测量用传感器的设计方法,对该传感器在高精度直流电流标准源中的应用进行论述。     

基于“当前”统计模型的卡尔曼滤波在北斗单向授时中的应用

为了提高北斗单向授时的授时精度，提出了一种基于“当前”统计模型的卡尔曼滤波单向授时方法。将“当前”统计模型应用于接收机时钟频率漂移的建模以建立状态方程，使用经过卡尔曼滤波后的钟差和钟速对本地时钟进行修正。实验结果表明，在选取合适的机动频率和最大频率漂移的情况下，相比于未滤波修正，温补晶振时钟的峰峰值最多可以减小36.7%，标准差最多可以减小42.5%；恒温晶振时钟的峰峰值最多可以减小71.8%，标准差最多可以减小67.0%。基于“当前”统计模型的卡尔曼滤波单向授时方法，可以有效地降低观测量的误差与噪声对于接收机钟差与钟速的影响，从而提高授时精度。