提高低温压力测量准确度的方法初探

介绍了液氧煤油发动机试验中低温压力参数测量原理、校准方法及存在的问题,重点对低温压力传感器在低温条件下零位漂移问题进行了探讨和研究,提出了基本解决途径和数据修正方法,为提高低温压力的测量准确性奠定了基础。     

跟进起飞间隔时间的确定

针对歼击机机群跟进起飞的特点，从飞机尾涡的形成和发展入手，研究近地条件下的尾涡运动规律，导出了导涡的诱导速度和漂移速度计算公式。并根据起飞过程中，后机受前机尾涡的影响范围仅局限于跑道宽度范围之内，对歼击机跟进起飞间隔时间的确定方法和影响因素进行了分析，为各型歼击机跟进起飞安全提供了理论依据。所得结论经过飞行验证，符合实际。     

Is there an instrumental drift in the counting rate of some high latitude neutron monitors?

For the last six decades the neutron monitors have provided a continuous string of very reliable data to the heliophysics community. Although neutron monitors are not the primary source of data for the galactic cosmic rays, these data serve as a baseline reference for the data collected by the detectors on board the satellites and deep space probes, far away from earth orbit. The pressure corrected hourly data are available from the World Data Centers. These data have been used to derive deep insights pertaining to the electromagnetic states of the heliosphere and the modes of transport of energetic charged particles in the tangled interplanetary magnetic fields. We present evidence that some of the high latitude neutron monitors are undergoing long-term drifts in their baselines. In particular, we argue that there is no physical basis to justify the observed long-term downward trend in the baseline of the South Pole neutron monitor. The real reason may have to do with its maintenance at a distant location with challenging logistics and an improper normalization of its data after the 26 months break in the 1970s.     

运动补偿用惯性器件误差对SAR成像分辨率的影响研究

 为提高合成孔径雷达（SAR）系统的性价比，必须根据SAR成像分辨率的要求和整体系统参数，设计相应精度的运动补偿用捷联惯导系统。在确定SAR运动补偿系统方案和安装方式的基础上，分析不同方向的加速度计和陀螺仪误差对天线相位中心位置测量误差的影响，并利用位置测量误差与SAR成像分辨率之间的关系，进一步明确了不同方向的加速度计和陀螺仪对SAR成像分辨率的影响。研究表明：基于SAR的工作原理和安装方式，x方向加速度计和y方向陀螺仪对SAR成像分辨率的影响明显比其他惯性器件严重；相同误差水平的惯性器件对SAR成像分辨率的影响随着合成孔径时间和工作波长的不同而不同，时间越长，波长越短，影响则越严重。SAR成像仿真证明了结论的正确性。研究结果对于研制高性价比SAR成像运动补偿系统有一定的理论指导意义。     

Statistical study of radio drifting pulsation structures with associated CMEs and other observations

Solar radio burst, especially the fine structures (FSs) and the drifting pulsation structures (DPSs), may be used as an important diagnostics tool to draw the evolution map of the flare loop in the initial phase of solar flares. In this work, 52 radio events were found accompanying with DPSs. They were all observed with the Solar Radio Spectrometers (0.625–7.6 GHz) of China during 1998–2004. Combining the radio observations with LASCO-C2, Goes-8 SXR, H_α, EUV and Trace observations, we analyzed all these events and obtained some statistic conclusions: First, 88% DPSs take place at the initial phase of the radio burst, and their rich spectrum characteristics are helpful to understand the events further. Second, 83% DPSs are associated with CMEs or ejection events, and all the events are accompanied by Goes SXR flare. Third, for CMEs and DPSs, which take the first step, there is no significant predominance of either of them. The relationship between the DPSs and CMEs is still not clear in this study because of the lack of spatial resolution in the centimeter–decimeter band. However, the EIT or Trace ejection happened during the onset/end time of DPSs. They are signatures of the initial phase of CMEs. Two events will be illustrated to explain this.     

考虑侧风情况下的无人机自主导航控制技术研究

随着无人机应用范围的扩大,要求无人机能精确跟踪预定航线.介绍了无人机侧向导航控制律、切换准则和控制参数的限定;分析了侧风对无人机自主飞行时姿态的影响,以及在一种常用侧向控制律下形成侧风偏差的原因,给出了解决的办法.Matlab软件数字仿真的结果对比表明了控制系统抗侧风偏差的有效性.     

A 2-D comparison of ionospheric convection derived from SuperDARN and DMSP measurements

Ion drift vectors measured by the DMSP satellites are compared with plasma convection vectors obtained by the SuperDARN HF radars through the standard Map Potential algorithm of Ruohoniemi and Baker [Ruohoniemi, M., Baker, K.B. Large-scale imaging of high-latitude convection with super dual auroral radar network HF radar observations. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 20797–20811, 1998]. Despite significant data spread, the agreement can be qualified as reasonable for a data set comprising of 149 satellite passes over the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. The slope of the best-fit line relating SuperDARN and DMSP velocity magnitudes is of the order of 0.3 with a tendency for the SuperDARN velocities to be smaller. The agreement between the azimuths of the ion drift and convection is better with the slope of the best-fit line being close to 1. It is shown that consistency between the radar and satellite measurements is much better if the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are compared with the DMSP cross-track ion drifts for events showing slow spatial and temporal variations of the convection. If areas of strong convection changes are included into comparison, the degree of agreement deteriorates drastically. This result implies that differences in the spatial and temporal resolutions of DMSP and SuperDARN measurements are crucial factors contributing to the observed discrepancies. In addition, some differences are introduced when the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are filtered and reprocessed into vectors with the application of a background convection model.     

RPC-MIP: the Mutual Impedance Probe of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium

The main objective of the Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP), part of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), is to measure the electron density and temperature of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s coma, in particular inside the contact surface. Furthermore, MIP will determine the bulk velocity of the ionised outflowing atmosphere, define the spectral distribution of natural plasma waves, and monitor dust and gas activities around the nucleus. The MIP instrumentation consists of an electronics board for signal processing in the 7 kHz to 3.5 MHz range and a sensor unit of two receiving and two transmitting electrodes mounted on a 1-m long bar. In addition, the Langmuir probe of the RPC/LAP instrument that is at about 4 m from the MIP sensor can be used as a transmitter (in place of the MIP ones) and MIP as a receiver in order to have access to the density and temperature of plasmas at higher Debye lengths than those for which the MIP is originally designed.     

电晕放电飘升机研究

基于B-B效应的电飘机是一种不对称电容器在高电压作用下产生推力的飞行器,由于它是一种无推进剂的飞行器而受到科技界的广泛重视。本文通过实验研究,分析电晕放电的特点,提出基于涡旋动力学理论的挠场与真空零点能相干原理来解释推力的产生。对B-B效应的深入研究将对航空航天的推进技术带来革命性的变化。     

A method for automatic detection and characterization of plasma bubbles using GPS and BDS data

Detecting and characterizing Total Electron Content (TEC) depletion is important for studying the ionospheric threat due to the Equatorial Plasma Bubble (EPB) when applying the Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) at low latitudes. This paper develops a robust method to automatically identify TEC depletion and derive its parameters. The rolling barrel algorithm is used to automatically identify the TEC depletion candidate and its parameters. Then, the depletion candidates are screened by several improved techniques to distinguish actual depletions from other phenomena such as Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance (TID) or abnormal data. Next, based on the depletion signals from three triangular receivers, the method derives EPB parameters such as velocity, width and gradient. The time lag and front velocity are calculated based on cross-correlation using TEC depletions and the geometrical distribution of three triangular receivers. The width and gradient of slope are then determined by using TEC depletion from a single receiver. By comparison, both the station-pair method and proposed method depend on the assumption that the EPB morphology is frozen during the short time when the plasma bubble moves between the receivers. However, our method relaxes the restriction that the baseline length should be shorter than the width of slope required by the station-pair. This relaxation is favorable for studying small-scale slope of depletions using stations of a longer baseline. In addition, the accuracy of the width and gradient is free of impact from hardware biases and small-scale disturbance, as it is based only on the relative TEC variation. The method is demonstrated by processing Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) data on 15 August, 2018, in a solar minimum cycle.