Effect of q-nonextensive hot electrons on bifurcations of nonlinear and supernonlinear ion-acoustic periodic waves

Nonlinear and supernonlinear ion-acoustic periodic waves are investigated in a three-component unmagnetized plasma which consists of mobile fluid cold ions, Maxwellian cold electrons and q-nonextensive hot electrons employing phase plane analysis. Using the traveling wave transformation, the plasma system is reduced to a planar autonomous dynamical system. Utilizing phase plane analysis of planar dynamical systems, all possible phase portraits including nonlinear homoclinic orbit, nonlinear periodic orbit, supernonlinear homoclinic orbit and supernonlinear periodic orbit are presented depending on physical parameters $q,\alpha ,\sigma$ and V. Using numerical simulations, nonlinear and supernonlinear ion-acoustic periodic waves are shown for different conditions. It is found that the nonextensive parameter q plays a crucial role in the bifurcations of nonlinear and supernonlinear ion-acoustic periodic waves. Our study may be applicable to understand the nonlinear and supernonlinear periodic features in auroral plasma.     

Injection of 40-kHz-modulated electron beam from the satellite: II. Excitation of electrostatic and whistler waves

Beam-plasma interaction effects are studied during the active space experiment with electron and Xe-ion beam injections in an ionospheric plasma. Permanent 40-kHz-modulated electron beam injection occurs simultaneously with a xenon-ion beam injected by the Hall-type plasma thruster operating in a square-pulse mode (100/50 s for a job/pause duration). The unusual behavior of the background charged particle fluxes and wave activity stimulated during the beam-plasma interaction have been registered by the scientific instruments onboard Intercosmos-25 station (IK-25) and Magion-3 subsatellite. The longitudinal and electromagnetic wave instabilities and their mutual relationship are considered in order to explain the observed effects. The excitation of electrostatic waves by the electron injection has been considered for different resonance conditions near the linear stability boundary. Beam-driven electromagnetic instability is responsible for the backward-propagating whistler waves excited via cyclotron resonance. Competition of these two beam instabilities is one of the subjects of the present study.     

Case study of inclined sporadic E layers in the Earth’s ionosphere observed by CHAMP/GPS radio occultations: Coupling between the tilted plasma layers and internal waves

We have used the radio occultation (RO) satellite data CHAMP/GPS (Challenging Minisatellite Payload/Global Positioning System) for studying the ionosphere of the Earth. A method for deriving the parameters of ionospheric structures is based upon an analysis of the RO signal variations in the phase path and intensity. This method allows one to estimate the spatial displacement of a plasma layer with respect to the ray perigee, and to determine the layer inclination and height correction values. In this paper, we focus on the case study of inclined sporadic E (E_s) layers in the high-latitude ionosphere based on available CHAMP RO data. Assuming that the internal gravity waves (IGWs) with the phase-fronts parallel to the ionization layer surfaces are responsible for the tilt angles of sporadic plasma layers, we have developed a new technique for determining the parameters of IGWs linked with the inclined E_s structures. A small-scale internal wave may be modulating initially horizontal E_s layer in height and causing a direction of the plasma density gradient to be rotated and aligned with that of the wave propagation vector k. The results of determination of the intrinsic wave frequency and period, vertical and horizontal wavelengths, intrinsic vertical and horizontal phase speeds, and other characteristics of IGWs under study are presented and discussed.     

Analytical Calculation Model for Mach Wave Parameters

When a wave shaper is embedded in a liner,Mach wave will emerge above the liner,which affects the head shape of an explosively formed projectile.Mach wave parameters,including radius and pressure need to be determined to effectively match Mach wave with the liner,so that a good head shape can be obtained.An analytical calculation model for Mach wave parameter is presented based on three-shock theory,and the theoretical values agree well with the experimental ones.The analysis shows that when the radius of the wave shaper is constant,the radius of the Mach wave increases,whereas the pressure decreases while increasing the distance between the liner and the wave shaper.When the distance between the liner and the wave shaper is constant,the radius of the Mach wave increases,whereas the pressure decreases when decreasing the radius of the wave shaper.     

超声速低声爆布局分层优化方法

声爆抑制是发展新一代超声速民机必须突破的关键技术。总体布局参数的合理设计可以使飞行器具有良好的声爆特性。为了提高全局进化算法在布局设计中的优化效率,提出一种基于数据挖掘的分层优化方法,利用数据挖掘中的决策树算法提取设计知识,获得设计变量分层信息,指导低声爆布局分层优化;针对某超声速低声爆飞行器,选取后掠角、上反角、展弦比、梢根比、长细比五个总体布局参数作为设计变量,开展分层优化数值实验,并与一体化优化形成对比验证。结果表明：分层优化方法能够搜索到与一体化优化高度吻合的最优解,分层优化的收敛速度显著高于一体化优化,且对随机寻优历程的表现更稳健。     

水下超声速过膨胀燃气射流的流场特性

为研究水下超声速过膨胀燃气射流的流场特性,在压力水筒中开展了大扩张比锥形喷管的固体火箭发动机水下点火实验,并基于雷诺时均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方法和流体体积（VOF）模型进行数值求解,分析了过膨胀燃气射流与水介质的相互作用过程。研究表明：超声速过膨胀燃气建立射流通道后,射流核心区长度随喷管落压比的减少而减少;射流核心区剧烈振荡,表现为高频的膨胀和收缩,振荡频率随喷管落压比的减小而增加,范围为100~200 Hz;射流边界不断振荡,并伴随波系结构变化,当过膨胀程度较大时,激波进入喷管使其发生流动分离现象,流动分离点周期性往复移动;分离区内压力脉动没有显著的特征频率,主要集中在100~600 Hz的宽频带,锥形喷管水下流动分离的简易判据为喷管出口压力不低于环境背压的0.44倍。     

中心锥对旋转爆轰发动机内外流场影响的三维数值模拟研究

为探究中心锥对旋转爆轰发动机(Rotating Detonation Engine,简称RDE)内外流场结构与推进性能的影响,本文设计了90°、60°、45°、30°、20°、14°锥角与无中心锥7种构型,对燃烧室内径为78mm、外径为88mm、长度为100mm的RDE进行三维数值模拟,推导了适用于带中心锥RDE的推力公式,获得了各构型下详尽的流场参数。结果表明：在本文构型下中心锥对内流场影响很小,各构型的内流场参数与结构基本一致;中心锥对外流场的爆轰产物有轴向加速与径向吸附作用,能够调控尾部区域的流场特性;中心锥对由压差项产生的推力具有显著的提升效果,最佳推力性能出现在20°中心锥构型中,RDE总推力增益达22.8%。研究结果揭示了中心锥对RDE推力影响的作用机理,阐明了锥角对推进性能的影响规律,对带锥形构型的尾喷管设计工作提供了参考。     

Plane wave spectrum and boresight error of radome-enclosed antennas

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A参量在高频阻抗测量中的应用

根据微波网络理论提出了利用A参量求解高频阻抗的新方法,并将其应用于网络分析仪系统,对短波阻抗进行了测量。实践证明,该方法与传统的利用S参量的方法(利用反射系数)相比大大地拓宽了阻抗测量范围,在通用仪器上获得了比专用仪器高的测量精度,同时还解决了网络分析仪与非同轴网络的连接问题。     

具有无源控制空腔时正激波/湍流附面层干扰的数值模拟

采用雷诺平均N-S方程和B/L代数湍流模型计算了具有无源控制空腔时正激波/湍流附面层干扰流场。计算与实验结果的比较表明,本文方法可较准确地预测激波结构、激波与附面层干扰区流动基本特征及波后流动分离状态、激波位置、波前马赫数等参数。