多层挤压型电流变阻尼器在转子振动控制中的实验研究

设计了用于转子振动控制的多层挤压型电流阻尼器,通过对悬臂转子系统的实验发现：随外加电压的增大,这种阻尼器能有效地抑制转子系统的临界共振,但当转速超过临界转速后,系统的响应反而增大,为消除这种不利影响,引入了开/关控制法,实验表明：它既能有效抑制临界共振,消除不利影响,又不会引起系统的不稳定。最后实验验证了这种阻尼器抑制转子系统突加不平衡响应的有效性。     

突加不平衡作用下转子系统的主动降载实验

为了实现突加不平衡作用下的转子安全性设计，分析了突加不平衡作用下的锥壁降载结构机理，设计了支承刚度可控的主动降载实验系统并进行了实验验证。结果表明:锥壁熔断降载的本质是减小转子支承刚度，从而降低临界转速并在减速停车时降低转子支承载荷与相应振幅。设计的主动降载机构利用可控支承，自适应地改变支承刚度，有效的模拟锥壁熔断降载作用，并能够低成本、重复性的实验验证熔断降载机理，为突加不平衡的安全性设计提供实验条件与数据支撑。      

Response of the extratropical middle atmosphere to the September 2002 major stratospheric sudden warming

The effects of a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) at extratropical latitudes have been investigated with wind and temperature observations over a Brazilian station, Cachoeira Paulista (22.7°S, 45°W) during September–October 2002. In response to the warming at polar latitudes a corresponding cooling at tropical and extratropical latitudes is prominent in the stratosphere. A conspicuous signature of latitudinal propagation of a planetary wave of zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2 from polar to low latitude has been observed during the warming period. The polar vortex which split into two parts of different size is found to travel considerably low latitude. Significant air mass mixing between low and high latitudes is caused by planetary wave breaking. The meridional wind exhibits oscillations of period 2–4 days during the warming period in the stratosphere. No wave feature is evident in the mesosphere during the warming period, although a 12–14 day periodicity is observed after 2 weeks of the warming event, indicating close resemblance to the results of other simultaneous investigations carried out from high latitude Antarctic stations. Convective activity over the present extratropical station diminishes remarkably during the warming period. This behavior is possibly due to destabilization and shift of equatorial convective active regions towards the opposite hemisphere in response to changes in the mean meridional circulation in concert with the SSW.     

Stratosphere-mesosphere coupling during stratospheric sudden warming events

In this review article we summarize recent results in the coupling of the stratosphere–mesosphere during stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) events. We focus on the role of planetary and gravity waves in driving the middle atmosphere circulation and illustrate the stratosphere–mesosphere coupling during undisturbed wintertime circulation, during an SSW event, and after an SSW event during the formation of an elevated stratopause using simulations of past Arctic and Antarctic winters from the Specified Dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM). We illustrate the transition of the polar stratopause from being a gravity wave driven phenomena to a planetary wave driven phenomena during SSW events and its subsequent reestablishment and control by gravity waves. We also examine the synoptic structure of the stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere using SD-WACCM data fields that show the structure of the vortex during specific dynamical events in both hemispheres. We illustrate the longitudinal asymmetry in the thermal structure in the stratosphere and mesosphere driven by differences in circulation over the polar cap regions during an SSW event. We complement this analysis of the middle atmosphere circulation with a classification of both the Arctic and Antarctic winters since 1979 into major, minor, elevated stratopause or quiet winters based on the level of disturbance using the Modern Era-Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis data. From the MERRA data we find that the combined occurrences of both major and minor warmings in the Arctic have remained constant over the past three decades while we find a minor increase in their occurrences in the Antarctic.     

突发威胁下的航迹规划问题研究

提出采用一种结合三角网格退化、变域动态规划以及航迹优化的方法来解决突发威胁下的航迹规划问题。针对无人飞行器航迹规划中应对突发威胁存在时间延迟过长问题,采用一种速度较快的退化网格方法,有效提高了重规划的速率。在动态规划中,采用一种有向变域动态规划方法,进一步缩短了路径生成的时间。仿真结果显示,该方法能有效减少时间延迟过长问题,并满足地形回避和威胁回避的要求。     

低空反无人机技术现状与发展趋势

近年来,随着无人机技术的不断发展与完善,无人机不仅在军事领域发挥着重要作用,在民用领域也得到了广泛应用。然而,随着使用难度的不断降低,无人机在给人们生产生活带来巨大便利的同时,其"黑飞"与滥用也给国家、社会和人民造成了安全危害。因此,对低空无人机进行反制与防护的需求在军、民领域均十分强烈。围绕无人机在不同领域的应用状况,介绍了低空无人机非合作飞行带来的安全问题,对威胁种类及来源进行了讨论;在此基础上,着重对国内外反无人机技术的发展现状进行了深入分析,对现有反无人机技术体系的组成及相关系统的优缺点进行了综述。此外,结合低空反无人机系统研发的智能化、一体化、自主化问题,分析并讨论了低空反无人机中探测与防护关键技术的未来发展趋势。     

突加不平衡激励碰摩转子反向涡动分析

建立了考虑叶片-机匣碰摩、挤压油膜阻尼的模型,推导了转子发生失稳的判别条件。从复非线性模态角度分析了突加不平衡激励下转子的动力特性,揭示转子反向涡动响应的形成过程及存在条件。通过参数分析获得转子发生反向涡动的敏感参数及其影响规律,并根据突加不平衡激励下转子反向涡动的响应特征分析某航空发动机叶片飞失故障。计算结果表明：转子能够发生反向涡动需要满足两个条件,其一,转子本身存在反进动模态失稳区;其二,冲击载荷使叶盘幅值达到反进动模态阻尼失稳点并进入反进动模态失稳区。实际航空发动机转子中具有因突加不平衡而发生反向涡动的风险,会造成支承结构破坏,严重威胁航空发动机的安全。增加转子阻尼、降低叶尖-机匣摩擦因数、降低静子叶片刚度、采用挤压油膜阻尼结构均有利于降低该风险。     

含浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器转子系统的突加不平衡响应分析

为了研究含浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器对转子系统突加不平衡响应的抑制作用,建立了浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器-转子系统的动力学模型,在模型中,充分考虑了转子与浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器的耦合作用.运用数值积分获取系统的动力学响应.研究表明,与传统挤压油膜阻尼器相比,浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器能更好地抑制转子系统的突加不平衡响应;在靠近临界转速时,浮环式挤压油膜阻尼器能抑制瞬态过程;较大的浮环质量和滑油黏度能更好地抑制转子系统突加不平衡响应.      

Voronoi图在航迹规划中的应用

航迹规划对军用飞行器完成任务具有重要的意义。Voronoi图由于其特有的简易性,近几年来逐步应用到航迹规划中。给出利用Voronoi图进行航迹规划的方法,针对实际的战场环境以及传统Voronoi图的不足,利用改进后的Voronoi图进行航迹规划。传统的Voronoi图难以满足实际的需要,当威胁体的等级并不相同以及突发威胁体的情形下,必须进行Voronoi图的重构以及航迹的重规划,因此在威胁体的威胁等级不同的情况下介绍了如何重新构造Voronoi图的方法,指出了突发威胁体的情况如何确定该威胁体的等级。最后给出了利用Voronoi图进行航迹规划以及重规划仿真结果,验证了Voronoi图在航迹规划中的可行性。     

突扩燃烧室湍流射流的相互作用及其对燃烧与混合的影响

本文应用κ－ε湍流模型和快速化学反应的守恒标量简化ＰＤＦ模型,对有中心射流和环状射流相互作用的突扩燃烧室内的湍流流动,混合与扩散燃烧进行了数值模拟。研究了环状射流与中心射流的速度比在较大范围内改变时突扩燃烧室内湍流回流流场的变化,揭示了较大的射流速度比对突扩燃烧室内湍流混合与燃烧的强化作用。