内含稳定的瞬时备用电源的电源

以５Ｖ电源为例，阐述一种可以广泛应用于各种电子仪器的内含稳定的瞬时备用电源的电源的设计方法和元器件的选择。这种电源采用在两极稳压中间加瞬时备用电源，利用电源滤波电容上电压不能跳变，在电源突然掉电后滤波电容上的电压变化来控制开关元件，将备用电源接通和关断的原理设计。备用电源使用可充电电池。通过元器件的选择，可使这种电源在掉电后几十秒到百秒范围内不间断地向电子仪器提供稳定的电压，从而在小电流范围内可取代价格昂贵的ＵＰＳ电源。     

航空产品运输模拟试验结果的测量不确定度评估

航空产品制造、使用、维护过程中,需要采用公路运输模拟试验台在实验室进行运输试验,以检验产品质量。运输试验严酷等级及试验结果主要由主峰频率、加速度总均方根值及加速度功率谱密度三个参数进行控制。本文介绍了通过监测系统显示的此三个试验参数示值误差测量结果的不确定度评估方法。     

Ionospheric response to the 17 March and 22 June 2015 geomagnetic storms over Wuhan region using GNSS-based tomographic technique

By using the data of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) observation from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC), ionospheric electron density (IED) distributions reconstructed by using computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) technique are used to investigate the ionospheric storm effects over Wuhan region during 17 March and 22 June 2015 geomagnetic storm periods. F-region critical frequency (foF2) at Wuhan ionosonde station shows an obvious decrease during recovery phase of the St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm. Moreover, tomographic results present that the decrease in electron density begins at 12:00 UT on 17 March during the storm main phase. Also, foF2 shows a long-lasting negative storm effect during the recovery phase of the 22 June 2015 geomagnetic storm. Electron density chromatography presents the evident decrease during the storm day in accordance with the ionosonde observation. These ionospheric negative storm effects are probably associated with changes of chemical composition, PPEF and DDEF from high latitudes.     

一种适用于SiC基变换器的桥臂串扰抑制方法

在对碳化硅基变换器中的桥臂串扰产生机理进行深入分析的基础上,提出一种新型有源箝位桥臂串扰抑制方法,并构成适用于碳化硅(Silicon carbide,SiC)基桥臂电路的串扰抑制驱动电路。给出其等效电路模态分析,讨论了关键参数的设计方法。设计制作了串扰抑制驱动电路模块板,并在1kW永磁同步电机(Permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)驱动实验平台上进行了验证。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效抑制SiC基变换器中的桥臂串扰。     

时间谱方法中的高效GMRES算法

研究了时间谱方法求解周期性非定常流场的计算效率,并对时间谱方法应用于周期性非定常流动的隐式求解方法进行探讨。当采样点数增加或减缩频率增大时,时间谱方法对应的雅可比矩阵对角占优性质迅速恶化,导致很多传统的迭代方法失效。为了解决上述问题,论文采用带预处理的广义极小残差(GMRES)算法来提高雅可比系数矩阵的计算收敛性。使用时间谱方法对NACA0012翼型强迫振荡算例进行计算,并与时域差分方法的计算效率和精度进行对比。研究表明在保证计算精度的同时,时间谱方法普遍可将计算效率提高一个量级左右。对于跨声速周期性流动,广义极小残差算法不论是稳定性还是收敛性都优于对称SGS迭代算法。     

大功率微波部件多载波无源互调分析与实验验证

无源互调是通信系统不可避免的问题，随着卫星载荷技术向更高功率、宽频段、高灵敏度接收方向发展，无源互调对通信系统造成的影响更加严重。常用的双载波分析评价无源互调已经不能适用于现代复杂载荷通信系统，提出确定多载波无源互调分布类型分析与计算方法，采用非线性模型计算多载波无源互调功率电平。通过对TNC双阴连接器的分析计算可得到接收频带内产生3个互调频率点，对比非线性模型计算的互调功率电平与多载波实验测量的互调功率电平，3个互调频率点最大误差小于5dB。分析方法有助于大功率微波部件多载波无源互调分析，可为多载波无源互调测量提供参考和依据。     

铜团簇 (Cu)(n =2~7)的密度泛函理论研究

应用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,在6-31G(d)和6-31++G(d)基组水平上对铜团簇(Cu)n(n=2~7)进行了研究,计算得到了铜团簇的各种稳定构型、总能量、团簇束缚能,以及n=4时铜团簇的红外振动光谱。通过能量最小化原理,确定了各尺寸铜团簇的最稳定构型,并利用二阶差分和分裂能理论,讨论了6种最稳定结构的生长规律,结果表明,n=4时的团簇结构最为稳定,具有明显的幻数特征,n=5时的团簇结构出现区域不稳定的特性。     

Measuring atmospheric density using GPS–LEO tracking data

We present a method to estimate the total neutral atmospheric density from precise orbit determination of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. We derive the total atmospheric density by determining the drag force acting on the LEOs through centimeter-level reduced-dynamic precise orbit determination (POD) using onboard Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking data. The precision of the estimated drag accelerations is assessed using various metrics, including differences between estimated along-track accelerations from consecutive 30-h POD solutions which overlap by 6 h, comparison of the resulting accelerations with accelerometer measurements, and comparison against an existing atmospheric density model, DTM-2000. We apply the method to GPS tracking data from CHAMP, GRACE, SAC-C, Jason-2, TerraSAR-X and COSMIC satellites, spanning 12 years (2001–2012) and covering orbital heights from 400 km to 1300 km. Errors in the estimates, including those introduced by deficiencies in other modeled forces (such as solar radiation pressure and Earth radiation pressure), are evaluated and the signal and noise levels for each satellite are analyzed. The estimated density data from CHAMP, GRACE, SAC-C and TerraSAR-X are identified as having high signal and low noise levels. These data all have high correlations with anominal atmospheric density model and show common features in relative residuals with respect to the nominal model in related parameter space. On the contrary, the estimated density data from COSMIC and Jason-2 show errors larger than the actual signal at corresponding altitudes thus having little practical value for this study. The results demonstrate that this method is applicable to data from a variety of missions and can provide useful total neutral density measurements for atmospheric study up to altitude as high as 715 km, with precision and resolution between those derived from traditional special orbital perturbation analysis and those obtained from onboard accelerometers.     

自转旋翼机飞行性能理论建模技术

为研究自转旋翼机的飞行性能理论建模技术,基于基本分析法和配平分析法,对自转旋翼机整机需用功率的建模方法进行了研究,并研究了自转旋翼机的桨盘迎角特性、升阻特性以及自转旋翼桨叶剖面迎角分布特性等。研究表明:建立的基本分析法和配平分析法计算模型均可以准确计算自转旋翼机的整机需用功率和自转旋翼桨盘迎角,两种方法均可用于自转旋翼机飞行性能的分析;小速度时整机需用功率主要来自于自转旋翼功率,大速度时机身废阻功率成为整机需用功率的主要来源;适当增加总距可以提高自转旋翼和整机的升阻比;在自转旋翼设计时可以对桨叶剖面翼型的展向分布进行优化,在桨根处优先采用相对不易失速的翼型以推迟失速对最大飞行速度的限制。     

F2 layer response to geomagnetic disturbances in Eastern Asia under the low solar activity

In this paper, the peculiarities of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances observed at the decay and minimum of solar activity (SA) in the period 2004–2007 are investigated with respect to different geomagnetic conditions. Data from ionospheric stations and results of total electron content (TEC) measurements made at the network of GPS ground-based receivers located within the latitude–longitude sector (20–70°N, 90–160°Е) are used in this study. Three groups of anomalous ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances have been observed during low solar activity. At daytime, the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) could generally be related to the main phase of magnetic storm. Quasi-two-days wavelike disturbances (WLDs) have been also observed in the main phase independent of the geomagnetic storm intensity. Sharp electron density oscillations of short duration (OSD) occurred in the response to the onset of both main and recovery phases of the magnetic storm in the daytime at middle latitudes. A numerical model for ionosphere–plasmasphere coupling was used to interpret the occurrence of LS TIDs. Results showed that the LSTIDs might be associated with the unexpected lifting of F2 layer to the region with the lower recombination rate by reinforced meridional winds that produces the increase of the electron density in the F2 layer maximum.