航空发动机进气总压周向畸变数值模拟

开发了一种用于计算进气总压周向畸变对涡喷/涡扇发动机气动稳定性和主要性能参数影响的软件。该软件利用综合畸变指数来描述进气畸变,实现了以往只有通过畸变试验才能进行的对进气畸变的研究。     

加力用气冷气动雾化喷油杆冷却性能数值模拟

对新型加力用气冷气动雾化喷油杆的冷却性能进行了数值模拟。通过模拟计算,得到该喷油杆壁面温度随进口参数、吹气压力和不同结构等的变化规律;结果表明,在1300K高温气流中吹气冷却后,喷油杆表面最高温度比不吹气时降低100～150K。     

The Physical Foundation of Forecasting Disturbances in the Geospace From Solar Disk Characteristics

The five main types of antisunward propagating energetic fluxes (particles and emission) may be thought of as well established to date, the effects of which lead to a particilar character of disturbance in the near-terrestrial environment (the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere and atmosphere). The strongest global restructuring of the magnetosphere and ionosphere is caused by fluxes of relatively dense n of 1-70 cm-3 at the Earth's orbit) Solar Wind (SW) quasi-neutral, low-energy (E ＜ 10 keV) plasma which cause magnetospheric and ionospheric storms lasting 24 hours or longer. For that reason, main attention is given to their study at the initial stage of research. The physical essence of the method of predicting disturbances in the near-terrestrial space environment, the amplitude of which can be expressed in, for example, the Kp index units, involves:(1) identifying all the most geo-effective SW streams of type, (2) determing their sources on the solar disk,and (3) quantifying the correlations between the characteristics of their solar sources with a maximum value of the Kp-index that is caused by the concerned type of SW stream. Semi-phenomenological relations have been obtained, which relate parameters of type SW stream sources to characteristics of geomagnetic storms:storm commencement, the time at which the storm intensity reaches its maximum values, the storm duration,as well as to the storm amplitude expressed in terms of geomagnetic indeces.      

Study of the Enhancement Events of Relativistic Electron at the Geosynchronous Orbit

The high flux of energetic electron on geostationary orbit can induce many kinds of malfunction of the satellite there, within which the bulk-charging is the most significant that several broadcast satellite failures were confirmed to be due to this effect. The electron flux on geostationary orbit varies in a large range even up to three orders accompanied the passage of interplanetary magnetic cloud and the following geomagnetic disturbances. Upon the investigation of electron flux enhancement events, two types of events were partitioned as recurrent events and random ones. Both of the two kinds of events relate to the interplanetary conditions such as solar wind parameters, IMF etc and their evolution characters as well. As for the recurrent events, we found that, (1) all of the events exhibits periodic recurrence about 27 days, (2) significant increase of electron flux relates to interplanetary index and characters of their distribution, (3) the electron flux also has relation to solar activity index. An artificial neural network was constructed to estimate the flux I day ahead. The random electron flux enhancement events are rare and present different distribution figures to the recurrent ones. The figure of the random events and the conditions of their occurrence is also discussed in this paper.      

双三角翼前缘剖面形状对涡运动的影响

采用数值模拟和理论分析相结合的方法,研究了前缘剖面形状对双三角翼涡运动的影响,分析了前缘剖面形状对三角翼、双三角翼涡运动影响的不同机理 :对三角翼,尖前缘可以形成组织最好的涡结构,但对于双三角翼,圆前缘生成的旋涡结构较靠近翼面,涡结构紧密,诱导能力较强,可以形成有利的涡涡干扰,使内翼涡通过剪切层向外翼涡输入涡量更加容易,合并涡变得更加稳定,推迟了涡破裂,而且由于涡较靠近翼面,因而可以产生较高的非线性涡升力,这同传统的认识是不一致的。     

飞机平尾偏转对大迎角动态气动特性的影响

给出了 BJ-1背景机有不同平尾偏角时静态和大振幅俯仰振荡情况下的气动特性。根据风洞实验结果,采用基于三角剖分数据库建模的方法,计算了任意平尾偏角和任意振动频率时的背景机动态气动特性,与实验结果比较表明,提出的有平尾偏角的建模方法能提供任意舵偏时的全机气动特性。在非定常建模的基础上,采用动导数仿真,分析了不同平尾偏角时的动导数,结果表明,水平尾翼偏角主要对零动态阻尼所对应迎角有较大影响,随着舵偏角的增大,该迎角减小。     

跟踪问题最优控制律精细积分

构成有限时间最优跟踪系统的控制律需要求解 Riccati微分方程及外部控制输入向量满足的微分方程 ,前者是非线性矩阵微分方程 ,后者是变系数线性微分方程。在结构力学与最优控制的模拟理论基础上所发展的精细积分方法借鉴了计算结构力学中的算法 ,可以精确有效地求解这些微分方程。这种方法的特点之一在于步长幅度变化较大时 ,Riccati微分方程的数值解仍可以保持很高的精度 ,并且变系数线性微分方程的求解亦可纳入其体系而不必用通常的差分方法。本文介绍了用精细积分方法求解这些方程的过程 ,并给出了数值算例。     

采用弯扭导向器改型涡轮级提高发动机性能的三维粘性流场的数值研究

对某型涡喷发动机涡轮级导向器进行了全三维弯扭设计以后,在保证涡轮前总温、总压和燃气流量的前提下,合理调整尾喷管面积,提高涡轮后背压,保证在设计转速下涡轮输出功与原型涡轮级相同,从而保证了压气机的设计点和喘振裕度,同时提高了发动机推力。带来这样效果的原因是弯扭导向器使涡轮级的效率提高,导致涡轮出口总压的提高。本文对改型和原型涡轮级进行了全三维粘性数值模拟和气动分析。      

数值模拟二维喷管激波/湍流附面层干扰流动

采用可压缩性修正两方程湍流模型,数值模拟了3种不同波前马赫数的跨声速二维喷管内激波/湍流附面层干扰流动,对流场中时均参数和脉动参数的计算结果与实验值进行了比较。结果表明可压缩性修正的两方程湍流模型准确地模拟了正激波/湍流附面层干扰流动的时均参数和脉动参数,无分离和有分离的激波/湍流附面层干扰流动的基本规律。      

民用通风机气动设计中弯掠长叶片的数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法,分别对弯掠叶片造型和直叶片造型两种情况下高性能民用通风机叶片内三维紊流流场进行了计算;计算程序中采用有限体积法,在任意非正交曲线坐标系下,用SIMPLE算法求解三维N-S方程和K-ε湍流方程.计算结果表明,弯掠叶片造型的民用通风机的流动参数和总性能参数更接近设计指标,而且采用弯掠叶片可以更有效地控制气流的流动,对减少二次流损失起了很大作用.