模型自由飞试验中的螺旋桨动力模拟方法研究

开展螺旋桨飞机模型自由飞失速试验需要准确地模拟螺旋桨动力状态。通过对模型自由飞失速试验 动力相似准则和螺旋桨动力模拟相似准则的分析,推导出螺旋桨飞机模型自由飞失速试验中所需要遵循的相 似准则关系;以此开展某四发螺旋桨飞机模型自由飞试验,通过控制螺旋桨转速、设计桨叶角,满足拉力系数和 前进比相等,模拟全尺寸飞机螺旋桨动力特性,获得的失速特性与飞机风洞实验结果一致。结果表明:该方法 能够准确模拟飞机失速过程的螺旋桨动力状态,可为飞机失速试飞提供重要的数据支撑,并为国内后续螺旋桨 类飞机模型自由飞试验失速试飞研究提供理论和试验方法。     

共轴式直升机桨毂阻力特性与减阻试验

共轴式直升机桨毂阻力占全机废阻的50%以上,因此有必要对桨毂阻力特性和减阻设计进行研究。 通过对某共轴式直升机桨毂模型、减阻方案及减阻方案加装涡流发生器进行风洞试验,研究轴式直升机桨毂的 阻力特性,验证减阻方案及减阻方案加装涡流发生器的减阻效果。结果表明:桨毂支臂方位角、转速和攻角变 化对桨毂及其减阻方案的阻力影响很小;上下桨毂整流罩与中间轴整流罩之间的缝隙对阻力影响比较大;减阻 方案可以降低约33%的桨毂阻力,而加装涡流发生器的减阻效果并不明显。     

考虑滑流影响的埋入式进气道气动特性分析与流动控制研究

研究滑流对埋入式进气道性能的影响机理对于发动机的稳定性具有重要意义。针对某型涡桨发动机 滑油散热器进排气道系统,基于 CFD技术建立系统的螺旋桨滑流与滑油散热器内流一体化数值模拟方法,进 行考虑滑流影响的滑油散热系统埋入式进气道气动设计仿真分析;针对埋入式进气道由于吸入边界层低能气 流导致通过散热器流量低的问题,设计4组涡流发生器进行主动流动控制。结果表明:滑流使得进气道中的气 流偏离,难以形成稳定漩涡,容易发生流动分离;而合理设计的涡流发生器可以有效改善埋入式进气道内流场 特性,并使通过散热器的流量提高12%。     

Evolution of periodic orbits near the Lagrangian point L2

A study of the evolution of the periodic and the quasi-periodic orbits near the Lagrangian point L₂, which is located to the right of the smaller primary on the line joining the primaries and whose distance from the more massive primary is greater than the distance between the primaries, in the framework of restricted three-body problem for the Sun–Jupiter, Earth–Moon (relatively large mass ratio) and Saturn–Titan (relatively small mass ratio) systems is made. Two families of periodic orbits around the smaller primary are identified using the Poincaré surface of section method – family I (initially elliptical, gradually becomes egg-shaped with the increase in the Jacobi constant C and elongated towards the more massive primary) and family II (initially egg-shaped orbits elongated towards L₂ and gradually becomes elliptical with the increase in C). The family I in the Sun–Jupiter and Saturn–Titan systems contains two separatrix caused by third-order and fourth-order resonances, while the Earth–Moon system has only one separatrix which is caused by third-order resonances. Also in the Sun–Jupiter and the Saturn–Titan systems, family I merge with family II, around Jacobian constant 3.0393 and 3.0163, respectively, while in the Earth–Moon system, family II evolves separately from two different branches. The two branches merge at C = 3.184515. In the Earth–Moon system, the family II contains a separatrix due to third-order resonances which is absent in the other two systems.     

大直径螺纹数控加工工艺研究与应用

针对形状结构复杂的某产品上34个M36×3-6H内螺纹加工进行了工艺攻关,提出采用旋风铣的方法,并编制数控加工程序,有效解决了难加工材料大直径内螺纹的加工难题,在此基础上实现了数控加工程序的参数化,理论上可以实现任意直径、任意螺距、任意深度螺纹的加工,并在其他型号产品上得到应用。     

基于产学研模式的飞机机务维修实训平台建设

目的探索构建校内生产性实训基地;方法以飞机结构腐蚀与控制实训平台的建设为例;结果阐述校内实现以产学研相结合模式来进行实训平台建设;结论对其它机务维修专业课程的实训平台建设起到引导的作用。     

基于灰色补偿反步法的机动指令跟踪控制

基于三自由度飞行动力学模型和运动学模型,提出了一种带有灰色补偿的反步(Back-stepping)控制方法,以实现某些预定的战术机动动作。首先,将飞行动力学模型和运动学模型分解成3个轴方向的相对简单的子系统;然后,针对3个子系统采用反步法分别设计出模型中没有干扰时的控制律,并采用GM(0,N)预测模型对不确定部分的模型参数进行辨识,进一步根据估计出的参数设计灰色补偿控制律;最后,根据3个子系统设计出的控制律解算出同时满足3个子系统渐进稳定的控制输入,这样使得整个系统渐进稳定。仿真结果表明,GM(0,N)预测模型能精确预测不确定模型参数,该算法能够高效实现预定的战术机动动作。     

民用飞机技术出版物规范应用

技术出版物作为民用飞机产品的重要组成部分,用于指导运营人正确地操作和维护飞机.为了满足相关适航规章的要求和用户对于交互式电子技术手册日益增长的需求,实现手册全寿命周期管理,飞机制造商应在保证手册完整、正确、准确的基础上,进一步实现手册的标准化、规范化和结构化.本文对国际主流技术出版物规范的特点、规范的确定、应用方法和风险等进行了介绍和阐述.     

变推力液体火箭发动机中针栓喷注器研究综述

为总结变推力液体火箭发动机中针栓喷注器的研究成果和梳理未来的发展方向，本文综述了该领域的研究进展。首先介绍了针栓喷注器的基本概念和研究意义，然后从设计原理、工程研制、雾化特性和燃烧特性等方面介绍了针栓喷注器的研究历史和现状，最后展望了针栓喷注器的发展趋势及需要研究的一些科学问题。分析表明，液液针栓喷注器、气液针栓喷注器的雾化特性和燃烧特性都还需持续开展研究。雾化特性中特别需要关注的是雾化角、混合特性和下漏率，还要探索针栓喷注器在反压下的雾化特性。燃烧特性中需要深入研究温度分布、火焰结构和燃烧稳定性。     

Simulation Techniques for Cosmological Simulations

Modern cosmological observations allow us to study in great detail the evolution and history of the large scale structure hierarchy. The fundamental problem of accurate constraints on the cosmological parameters, within a given cosmological model, requires precise modelling of the observed structure. In this paper we briefly review the current most effective techniques of large scale structure simulations, emphasising both their advantages and shortcomings. Starting with basics of the direct N-body simulations appropriate to modelling cold dark matter evolution, we then discuss the direct-sum technique GRAPE, particle-mesh (PM) and hybrid methods, combining the PM and the tree algorithms. Simulations of baryonic matter in the Universe often use hydrodynamic codes based on both particle methods that discretise mass, and grid-based methods. We briefly describe Eulerian grid methods, and also some variants of Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) methods.