基于某高速信号处理模块的信号完整性设计方法

信号完整性设计越来越成为高速电路设计成败的关键。基于某高速信号处理模块的设计经验，从器件选型、布局设计、叠层规划、电源地设计、时钟网络设计和布线要求等六个方面总结了信号完整性设计的工程化设计方法，并给出了高速串行信号特殊的设计要求。     

Tool Life and Surface Integrity in High-speed Milling of Titanium Alloy TA15 with PCD/PCBN Tools

Titanium alloys are widely used in aeronautics that demand a good combination of high strength, good corrosion resistance and low mass. The mechanical properties lead to challenges in machining operations such as high process temperature as well as rapidly increasing tool wear. The conventional tool materials are not able to maintain their hardness and other mechanical properties at higher cutting temperatures encountered in high speed machining. In this work, the new material tools, which are polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tools, are used in high-speed milling of Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V (TA15) alloy. The performance and wear mechanism of the tools are investigated. Compared to PCBN tool, PCD tool has a much longer tool life, especially at higher cutting speeds. Analyses based on the SEM and EDX suggest that attrition, adhesion and diffusion are the main wear mechanisms of PCD and PCBN tools in high-speed milling of TA15. Oxidation wear is also observed at PCBN tool/workpiece interface. Roughness, defects, micro-hardness and microstructure of the machined surface are investigated. The recorded surface roughness values with PCD/PCBN tools are bellow 0.3 μm at initial and steady cutting stage. Micro-hardness analysis shows that the machined surface hardening depth with PCD and PCBN tools is small. There is no evidence of sub-surface defects with PCD and PCBN tools. It is concluded that for TA15 alloy, high-speed milling can be carried out with PCD/PCBN tools.     

Study of ADS-B Data Evaluation

In western China, the terrain and meteorological conditions are so complex that it is not suitable to construct new radar stations. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) is a totally new surveillance method, so before practically applied and operated in China, abundant tests and evaluations are necessary to validate the performance of ADS-B and guarantee the operational security. During the flight tests, we collect the data of radar, ADS-B and high accuracy position and compare the performance of ADS-B with radar based on high accuracy position. To solve the asynchronous problem among radar data, ADS-B data and real-time kinematic (RTK) data caused by different update rates, this article proposes the technique of synchronizing multi-surveillance data by extrapolating from the data of low update rate to high update rate according to velocity and heading. Meanwhile, because radar data, ADS-B data and RTK data are expressed in different coordinates and cannot be compared each other, this article provides a method to unifying the coordinates of multi-surveillance data. By the analysis and evaluation, we can conclude that the performance of ADS-B is better than radar.     

卫星导航接收机自主完好性监测算法研究

针对航空导航定位高可靠性的要求和GPS接收机观测噪声分布的特点,研究将粒子滤波算法应用于接收机自主完好性监测（RUM）中.通过粒子滤波算法对状态进行精确估计,利用对数似然比建立一致性检验统计量进行故障检测与隔离.对算法进行了数学建模,描述了完整的RAIM算法详细流程.通过实测数据对提出的RAIM算法进行验证,结果表明：粒子滤波算法在非高斯测量噪声情况下可以对GPS接收机状态进行精确的估计,利用对数似然比建立的一致性检验统计量能有效地检测并隔离故障卫星,验证了该算法应用于GPS接收机自主完好性监测的可行性和有效性.     

基于CPS协同的微系统电源信号完整性设计

裸芯片die、硅通孔TSV(Through Silicon Via)硅转接板、高温共烧陶瓷HTCC(High Temperature Co-fired Ceramics)管壳等多材质多基板立体堆叠和高密度集成的微系统封装,因空间极度有限、跨尺度立体转换的失配、电磁效应的耦合,低电压大电流电源的电源分布网络PDN(Power Distribution Network)和GHz高速信号的通道设计成为难题。贴合微系统封装尺度越来越接近芯片尺度的特点,以及微系统模块的系统应用需求,研究了基于芯片、封装、系统CPS(Chip-Package-System)协同设计仿真的方法。针对核心电源PDN的设计,采用芯片功耗模型CPM(Chip Power Model),结合TSV硅基板、HTCC管壳、PCB三级去耦电容网络的布放和协同优化,有效降低了电源纹波,保证了电源完整性。针对高速信号通道设计,基于电磁场和电路结合的仿真,将芯片电特性配置与封装互连的拓扑匹配协同优化,封装与板级应用协同优化,保证了信号完整性,且不对封装版图和工艺提出严苛要求。     

GNSS用户端自主完好性监测研究综述

随着全球卫星导航系统的快速发展,对航空安全提出了挑战,完好性监测问题愈发凸显,用户端自主完好性监测(RAIM)是研究的重点之一。针对RAIM问题,首先介绍了所需导航性能的4个重要参数:精度、完好性、可用性和连续性。从单卫星故障下的RAIM、多卫星故障下的RAIM、高斯噪声下的RAIM 3个方面,综述了国内外相关的重要研究,主要涉及了3个层次内容:算法、计算保护限值和可用性,并指出了目前研究存在的不足。其次介绍了近期研究的新趋势与取得的成果。最后,展望了未来的研究方向。     

靶场GNSS增强、监测与评估系统建设构想

针对靶场GNSS（全球导航卫星系统）增强、监测与评估的测量精度和可靠性保障、异常分析和电磁环境监测等复杂技术需求,明确了靶场GNSS增强、监测与评估的概念,分析了各类方法的特点,确定了以大范围基准站网为主干,采用广域差分增强和地面完好性通道监测满足提高测量精度和可靠性主要需求,采用车载信号监测和干扰监测一体化系统满足不同区域间发的异常分析和电磁环境监测需求的技术路线.设计了系统体系架构,重点分析了系统实时工作模式和数据处理流程,为系统建设提供了有益的参考.     

Design of BDS-3 integrity monitoring and preliminary analysis of its performance

With the improvement in the service accuracy and expansion of the application scope of satellite navigation systems, users now have high demands for system integrity that are directly related to navigation safety. As a crucial index to measure the reliability of satellite navigation systems, integrity is the ability of the system to send an alarm when an abnormity occurs. The new-generation Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) prioritized the upgrading of system integrity as an important objective in system construction. Because the system provides both basic navigation and satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) services by the operational control system, BDS-3 adopts an integrated integrity monitoring and processing strategy that applies satellite autonomous integrity monitoring and ground-based integrity monitoring for both the basic navigation service and SBAS navigation service. BDS-3 also uses an improved and refined integrity parameter system to provide slow, fast and real-time integrity parameters for basic navigation, and provide SBAS-provided integrity information messages in accordance with Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) specification and dual frequency, multi-constellation (DFMC) specification to support the SBAS signal frequency, single constellation operation and DFMC operation respectively. The performance of BDS-3 system integrity monitoring is preliminarily verified during on-orbit testing in different states, including normal operation, satellite clock failure and satellite ephemeris failure. The results show that satellite autonomous integrity monitoring, ground-based integrity monitoring and satellite-based augmentation all correctly work within the system. Satellite autonomous integrity monitoring can detect satellite clock failure but not satellite orbit failure. However, ground-based integrity monitoring can detect both. Moreover, the satellite-based augmentation integrity system monitors the differential range error after satellite ephemeris and clock error corrections based on user requirements. Compared to the near minute-level time-to-alert capability of ground-based integrity monitoring, satellite autonomous integrity monitoring reduces the system alert time to less than 4 s. With a combined satellite-ground monitoring strategy and the implementation of different monitoring technologies, the BDS-3 integrity of service has been considerably improved.     

General aspects on structural integrity

This paper seeks to mark the fruitful collaborative research between scholars in the University of Southampton and Beihang University for last 25 years on structural integrity. Their efforts addressed some important issues in structural integrity such as fatigue and fracture behavior,fatigue load spectra, fatigue and fracture lifetimes, reliability-based service period, adhesively bonded composite patch repairs, Plain Woven Fabric(PWF) composites and composite artefacts.New advances in engineering approaches, experimental methods, numerical algorithms and understanding of failure mechanisms relating to structural integrity are highlighted. Probable limits(or drawbacks) are also discussed. This review provides an insight into the general aspects on structural integrity and constitutes a basis for pointers to the further works on structural integrity.     

基于PCI接口的高速A/D采集电路设计

描述了一种基于PCI总线接口的高速A/D采样电路设计,提出了基本系统构型和硬件设计的开发思路,阐述了高速A/D芯片的选择、智能控制、PCI接口的电路设计,以及信号完整性设计的一般要求。