基于中国深空站的木星探测器开环测量试验

中国深空网的建立用以支持我国正在实施的探月工程及后续火星、小行星、木星等探测任务。为验证中国深空网的跟踪测量能力,并获取行星无线电测量数据,基于中国深空站开展了对木星在轨探测器"朱诺号"(Juno)的跟踪测量试验与数据处理分析。在分析各种观测约束条件的基础上,首次实现了中国深空站在地—木距离上的深空探测器开环跟踪测量,通过VLBI数据采集记录终端原始探测器信号,经信号处理提取"朱诺号"探测器的主载波频率。采用傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)、线性调频Z变化及信号本地重构相关的联合信号处理方法,"朱诺号"探测器主载波频率提取噪声水平在10μHz水平,有效验证了深空开环测量技术,为后续我国深空探测任务积累了有益经验。     

500吨级液氧煤油发动机结构动态特性

为获得我国载人登月运载系统用500吨级液氧煤油发动机结构动态特性,采用有限元方法对发动机整机结构进行了模态计算分析,并对影响结构动态特性的相关因素进行了分析,获得了发动机的模态参数以及优化结构低频特性的有效途径。针对该发动机零部组件多、结构复杂度高的特点,采用子结构有限元模型组装并结合部分组件试验的方式建立了整机结构的有限元仿真模型。计算结果表明,在目前设计状态下,发动机的首阶模态频率约为8.8 Hz。进一步优化表明,通过增大工艺拉杆倾角,可显著提升伺服回路在相应方向上的横向刚度,从而使该方向上的模态频率得到大幅提升。     

GNSS多径抑制基带处理算法综述CSCD

随着全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)信号体制的不断更新,接收机应用环境越来越复杂,多径误差抑制技术也在不断发展进步。其中,基于改进基带的多径抑制算法由于成本和效果综合较优,受到了国内外研究人员的重视。论文首先阐述了GNSS多径抑制的基本原理,综述了传统的GNSS参量式和非参量式多径抑制算法的研究现状和实现方式,然后探讨分析了新体制信号中提高抗多径性能的方法,总结了当前GNSS多径抑制基带处理研究中的主要问题,最后展望了其未来的发展趋势。     

船用大功率柴油机瞬态工况油气响应及燃烧特性研究

针对船用大功率柴油机瞬态性能提升的需求，开展了增压中冷船用大功率柴油机瞬态工况动态响应及燃烧特性实验研究。研究表明，涡轮增压器惯性导致的进气滞后是柴油机瞬态工况下性能恶化的主要原因；突加载工况下，进气量响应滞后供油量响应4~5个工作循环，且进气量响应速度随初始负荷增加而增加，指示平均有效压力（Indicated Mean Effective Pressure，IMEP）等燃烧特征参数加载过程中响应速度较快，波动较小；缸内燃烧过程恶化，燃烧重心和燃烧终点较同负荷下稳态工况值均推迟。     

Oblique shock train motion based on schlieren image processing

In this paper, shock train motion in a Mach number 2.7 duct is studied experimentally, and large numbers of schlieren images are obtained by a high-speed camera. An image processing method based on Maximum Correlation Detection (MCD) is proposed to detect shock train motion from the schlieren images, based on which the key structures, e.g., separation positions and separation shock angles on the top and bottom walls, can be analysed in detail. The oscillations of the shock train are generated by rhombus and ellipse shafts at various excitation frequencies. According to the analysis of MCD results, the distributions of the frequency components of shock train oscillation generated by the two shafts are distinctly different, in which the motion generated by the ellipse shaft is much smoother; shock train motion is mainly characterized by the oscillation of separation position while the separation shock strength is not so sensitive to downstream disturbance; there is a hysteresis loop relation between the downstream pressure and separation position.     

武器装备智能保障系统建模与效能分析

为实现信息化作战保障条件下的装备保障能力建设和提升，面向装备OODA闭环提出装备智能保障系统，建立基于DoDAF的智能保障系统结构模型，并基于网络分析法对装备智能保障系统和传统装备保障系统的效能进行了对比评估。在总结当前装备效能评估领域国内外研究现状的基础上，以OODA全流程闭环为目标，分析装备保障的现存问题和装备智能保障模式的特点，并构建武器装备智能保障系统模型。通过系统高层概念、能力、任务活动等要素建模，构建武器装备智能保障系统效能模型并基于网络分析法开展效能评估，通过装备训练保障、维修保障、信息支援和行动支持等维度对比了传统装备保障系统与智能保障系统的效能差异，提出智能保障技术的发展建议，为装备保障的智能化发展提供理论参考。     

Experimental study on dynamic behavior of mechanically pumped two-phase loop with a novel accumulator in simulated space environment

Mechanically pumped two-phase loop (MPTL) which is a prominent two-phase heat transfer technology presents a promising prospect in thermal control for space payload. However, transient behavior of MPTL caused by phase-change and heat sources load-on/off in simulated space environment is rarely reported. In the present study, one MPTL setup was designed and constructed, and experimentally studied. Particularly, a novel two-phase thermally-controlled accumulator integrated with passive cooling measure and three capillary structures was designed as the temperature-control device. Dynamic behavior of the start-up, temperature control, and temperature adjustment were monitored; meanwhile, thermodynamic behavior within the proposed accumulator, the operating behavior as well as the heat and mass transfer behavior between the main loop and the accumulator were revealed. The results show that the fluid management function of the capillary structures for the novel accumulator is verified. The working point of the MPTL system can be adjusted by changing the temperature control point of the accumulator and it is little influenced by external heat flux and heat sources on/off. Pressure-drop oscillations which are manifested as fluctuations of temperature and pressure can be observed after phase changing due to the compressible volume within the accumulator and the negative-slope portion of the internal pressure.     

多支路并联流体回路流量分配影响因素分析

多支路并联流体回路热控技术在载人航天器上获得了广泛应用。外热流、重力场和管路阻力特性等因素会影响流阻，进而影响流量分配和散热能力，这可能会造成工质冻结并引起回路失效，威胁航天器安全，因此亟需针对影响流量分配因素开展分析。基于梦天实验舱6条并联流体回路建立简化模型，分别研究外热流、重力场和管路阻力特性对流量分配的影响，发现辐射散热带来的工质物性变化会导致各支路流量分配不均，外热流变化带来的回路散热量增加，以及重力场存在会加剧流量分配不均匀性。另外，回路在设计和运行时都要避免工质温度进入黏度剧烈变化区域，否则各支路流量容易受外部环境变化影响而发生较大波动。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的时分星间信号跟踪技术研究

在星间链路领域的测量过程中，时分双工体制星间测量逐渐成为新兴技术，而时分信号的跟踪精度决定了接收机测量误差。传统的接收机载波跟踪环路可以保证对连续信号的稳定跟踪，但受相位抖动的影响较大，且对于时分双工体制间断信号，会出现开环阶段跟踪结果发散的问题。针对以上问题，提出了一种基于自适应卡尔曼滤波的时分信号跟踪技术，采用卡尔曼滤波器对鉴相结果进行处理，在开环阶段根据前一时刻的最终状态对频率进行稳定外推。相比于传统跟踪环路，该技术的载波相位跟踪误差绝对值均值降低了92.9%，标准差降低了93.5%。实验结果表明，该技术不仅实现了开环阶段载波相位的稳定跟踪，且有效抑制了闭环阶段相位抖动的影响，对实现时分双工体制星间精密测量具有重要应用意义。