多传感器组合导航系统分层融合算法

从信息融合角度来看，目前在组合导航系统中广泛应用的联合滤波算法居于两级式分布式融合结构。而分层融合结构作为多传感器信息融合的另一种重要的模式，在组合导航系统中应用尚未见报道。本文研究了多传感器组合导航系统的分层融合算法，重点与联合滤波算法进行了比较。以定理的形式证明了在一定条件下分层融合算法与联合滤波算法的等价性问题。进而提出了分层融合算法的部分反馈模式。仿真结果表明，部分反馈模式的有序分层融合算法可有效地应用于多传感器组合导航系统。在相同的容错能力和计算复杂性下，可以得到优于联合滤波的导航信息融合结果。     

用于遥感卫星数传的新型波导阵列组合天线

从新的设计理念出发，提出一种新型的波导十字阵列组合辐射天线替代了赋形反射面天线，用于低轨遥感卫星的数传系统。文中论述了该天线的设计思路、设计过程，并列出了天线的主要性能。最后还简述了该天线在国内卫星上的应用及我国未来低轨遥感卫星数传天线的发展趋势。该天线已在我国多个卫星上成功应用。这种波导阵列组合天线结构紧凑、尺寸小，具有与国外通用的赋形反射面天线基本类似的性能，可达到星载数传天线的预定要求，而且为星载遥感器及其他载荷留出了更大的对地安装空间。     

微小卫星高精度三轴稳定控制算法研究

某型号微小卫星的有效载荷为三线阵CCD相机 ,因此对于姿态控制系统有相当高的要求 :对地定向三轴稳定指向精度优于 0 .3°,稳定度优于 0 .0 0 1(°) /s。针对该要求进行了控制系统设计 ,并在单轴气浮转台的基础上 ,根据国内现有硬件情况进行了半物理仿真验证。结果表明 :所设计的控制器原理简单、易于实现且具有较好的鲁棒性 ,满足总体提出的设计要求。同时证明 ,国内现有的光纤陀螺和反作用飞轮等硬件的性能指标均可满足某型号微小卫星姿态控制系统的要求。     

基于神经元的容错组合导航系统设计

本文讨论了容错组合导航系统中的多传感器信息融合问题，提出了一种用于多传感器组合导航系统信息融合的神经元方法。通过仿真实验，验证了这种方法的可行性，并分析了该研究领域所存在的问题，提出了可能解决的技术途径，并预测了未来的发展趋势。     

基于RBF网络的惯导系统初始对准

建立了惯导系统（ＩＮＳ）初始对准的线性和非线性误差模型。分析了径向基函数（ＲＢＦ）网络的结构和工作原理。研究了ＲＢＦ网代替初始对准中的卡尔曼滤波器的实现方法。通过仿真表明，用神经网络进行初始对准，既可获得与卡尔曼滤波相同的对准精度，又提高了系统的实时性。     

Representing a stable environment by egocentric updating and invariant representations

To represent a stable environment despite the experience of changes during self movements, one can either develop an invariant allocentric representation, or update the egocentric representations as one moves. Using a disorientation paradigm, three sets of studies investigated these mechanisms in human navigation and scene recognition. Accuracy in the configuration of multiple object localization is impaired by disorientation, an effect not due to artifacts such as memory deterioration over time, intervening physical activities, uncertainty in self position and orientation, etc., suggesting one can locate objects primarily by updating their egocentric positions as she or he moves. Disorientation also impaired the judgment of changes to a scene after viewer movements, suggesting a similar egocentric updating process. On the contrary, representation of the shape of the surroundings is invariant and persists through disorientation. The coexistence of multiple mechanisms may increase the flexibility and robustness of the system.     

Geometric reasoning under uncertainty for map-based localization

Map-based navigation in outdoor terrain lacking man-made structures or other highly distinctive landmarks can produce severe localization problems. This paper presents an approach to navigation which implements high level geometric reasoning and matching strategies based on those used by skilled human navigators. This approach, which is demonstrated on a real example involving imagery of mountainous terrain obtained with a video camera and USGS map data, is designed to avoid many of the pitfalls occurring when an attempt is made to navigate by modeling the environment mathematically. It exploits feature attributes which cannot be easily expressed quantitatively but are central to the successful human navigation process.     

星载SAR模糊特性及其工程设计

分析了星载合成孔径雷达产生模糊的机理及其与系统参数的关系，叙述了在宽广可视观测带曲，达到较好图像模糊度特性的优化设计原则，并提出了星载ＳＡＲ模糊性能的工程设计方法。     

带充液腔的自旋卫星稳定性问题

本文应用Pfeiffer的思想讨论带轴对称充液腔的卫星系统自旋稳定性。本方法的基本思想为将轴对称腔内的液体旋度平均化,使之与空间位置无关,由此将液体的无限自由度问题离散化为有限自由度问题,从而用线性理论讨论系统的自旋稳定性。用这方法,本文讨论了带充液腔的非轴对称卫星系统、带充液腔的双自旋卫星系统的自旋稳定性,给出了它们的自旋稳定性判据。此外,本文还给出了一些带有不同形状腔体的卫星系统自旋稳定域图,为实际工程设计人员提供理论参考。     

International cooperation in assuring continuity of environmental satellite data

In the 25 years since the launch of the first weather satellite, meteorological observations from space have become an essential part of weather forecasting and global environmental monitoring. Beginning in the 1970s, constrained national budgets and the need for a coordinated approach to global satellite observing have caused satellite operators to pursue international cooperation to assure the continuity and compatibility of these systems. This article reviews current bilateral and multilateral cooperation and technical coordination in environmental satellite activities. It also explores the potential for alternative institutional arrangements for maintaining the continuity of environmental satellite data in the decades to come.