高应变率下的玻璃钢力学性能的实验研究

利用分离式Ｈｏｐｋｉｎｓｏｎ压杆研究了国产环氧玻璃钢和聚脂玻璃钢在平均应变率约为１０＾３ｓ＾－１下的动态力学性能，给出这两种材料在冲击压缩下的弹性模量和能量吸收率，为新型飞行保护头盔的设计提供了材料的实验依据。     

A closed-form solution for moving source localization using LBI changing rate of phase difference only

Due to the deficiencies in the conventional multiple-receiver localization systems based on direction of arrival(DOA) such as system complexity of interferometer or array and amplitude/phase unbalance between multiple receiving channels and constraint on antenna configuration,a new radiated source localization method using the changing rate of phase difference(CRPD)measured by a long baseline interferometer(LBI) only is studied. To solve the strictly nonlinear problem, a two-stage closed-form solution is proposed. In the first stage, the DOA and its changing rate are estimated from the CRPD of each observer by the pseudolinear least square(PLS) method,and then in the second stage, the source position and velocity are found by another PLS minimization. The bias of the algorithm caused by the correlation between the measurement matrix and the noise in the second stage is analyzed. To reduce this bias, an instrumental variable(IV) method is derived. A weighted IV estimator is given in order to reduce the estimation variance. The proposed method does not need any initial guess and the computation is small. The Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) and mean square error(MSE) are also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be close to the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

Transient simulation of regression rate on thrust regulation process in hybrid rocket motor

The main goal of this paper is to study the characteristics of regression rate of solid grain during thrust regulation process. For this purpose, an unsteady numerical model of regression rate is established. Gas–solid coupling is considered between the solid grain surface and combustion gas.Dynamic mesh is used to simulate the regression process of the solid fuel surface. Based on this model, numerical simulations on a H2O2/HTPB(hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene) hybrid motor have been performed in the flow control process. The simulation results show that under the step change of the oxidizer mass flow rate condition, the regression rate cannot reach a stable value instantly because the flow field requires a short time period to adjust. The regression rate increases with the linear gain of oxidizer mass flow rate, and has a higher slope than the relative inlet function of oxidizer flow rate. A shorter regulation time can cause a higher regression rate during regulation process. The results also show that transient calculation can better simulate the instantaneous regression rate in the operation process.     

Coupling damage and reliability model of low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact based on the local stress–strain approach

Fatigue induced products generally bear fatigue loads accompanied by impact processes,which reduces their reliable life rapidly. This paper introduces a reliability assessment model based on a local stress–strain approach considering both low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact loads.Two coupling relationships between fatigue and impact are given with effects of an impact process on fatigue damage and effects of fatigue damage on impact performance. The analysis of the former modifies the fatigue parameters and the Manson–Coffin equation for fatigue life based on material theories. On the other hand, the latter proposes the coupling variables and the difference of fracture toughness caused by accumulative fatigue damage. To form an overall reliability model including both fatigue failure and impact failure, a competing risk model is developed. A case study of an actuator cylinder is given to validate this method.     

多种失效模式相关的机构运动可靠度计算方法

机构运动中必然存在多种相关失效模式,多为影响机构运动的各类随机变量函数.为了在机构运动可靠性分析中有效考虑多种相关失效模式的影响,建立了考虑多种失效模式相关条件下的机构运动可靠度计算模型,并实现了对多种失效模式相关条件下的机构运动可靠度计算模型的求解,为考虑多种相关失效模式下的机构运动可靠性分析提供了一种有效途径.以6408滚动轴承为例,进行100 000抽样计算,考虑失效模式相关条件下运动可靠度为95.998 9%.该方法精度较高,具有一定的理论意义和应用价值.     

微小型数据采集系统优化设计方法研究

微小型数据采集系统一般是基于微控制器进行设计的,存储设备主要为SD卡,由于微控制器资源有限,因此很难在保证微小型数据采集系统较高采集速度的同时保证采集系统的可靠性.针对该问题,本文分析了影响数据采集系统采集速率及可靠性的主要影响因素,推导了DMA缓冲区设置大小与数据采集系统采集速率及可靠性之间的模型,并设计了数据采集系统主要参数标定与验证试验.试验结果表明,本文提出的数据采集系统设计方法合理、可根据数据采集处理器内存大小、SD卡文件系统性能指标设计数据采集系统,确保数据采集系统的可靠性,对提高系统设计效率、降低微小型数据采集系统的设计成本以及后续改进完善数据采集系统奠定了重要的理论基础.     

一种实用的弹-地通讯接口设计

为实现普通个人计算机和弹载计算机间的弹一地通讯,对某型弹载计算机专用的增强型通讯接口电路和通讯协议进行了分析,设计了与之匹配的适用于普通计算机的通讯接口硬件电路,并进行了基于VB6．0的通讯程序设计。实际测试及运行结果说明,设计的通讯接口可实现高速、远距离、高可靠性的弹一地数据通讯,误码率低。     

基于飞参数据的航空发动机叶片故障分析

为查找某型航空发动机第5级转子叶片掉块连续集中爆发,严重影响飞行安全和外场使用故障的原因,从部队使用飞参数据入手,在明确其掉块故障机理的基础上,借助于数理统计开展该故障分析研究。发现长期以来所认为的叶片掉块故障很大程度上与发动机在放气带转速范围停留时间过长有关的结论不成立,该故障与发动机在某一特定转速区间范围的工作时间密切相关。为该型发动机第5级叶片掉块故障的综合治理提供了新思路。     

外弹道测量的定位误差对测速折射修正的影响

考虑了在外弹道测量中由于定位的测量误差（主要指常值误差）而带来的测速折射修正的误差。从折射修正的原理出发，推导了该项误差的表现形式。理论分析与仿真计算表明，在高准确度测量定轨中该项误差是不能忽略的。给出了扣除该误差的方法，以利于在数据处理中来消除该项误差，从而可提高定轨的准确度。     

亚热带气象条件下直升机雷达罩常见损伤及设计对策

本文通过对亚热带气象条件下使用的部分直升机雷达罩故障统计及分析,给出了雷达罩系统在亚热带高盐雾地区使用时外观及性能的变化规律以及常见的结构损伤形式,为直升机雷达罩在该类地区更合理地使用及维修提供了较为准确的依据。同时,通过分析对比,本文还给出了亚热带气象条件下使用的直升机雷达罩在设计及制造时可以借鉴的基本原则。