一种新型的挠性航天器作动器布局优化方案

针对挠性航天器振动抑制中的作动器优化配置问题,综合考虑闭环系统的可控度和作动器的电缆长度,提出一种新型的复合优化指标,在完成振动抑制的同时,有效缩减作动器电缆长度,减小航天器能量损耗及电磁干扰;在此基础上,采用遗传算法,完成作动器安装位置的快速寻优。本文采用实际尺寸的挠性帆板有限元模型,通过大量的数值仿真,验证了所提方法的有效性     

GO-FLOW法在飞机EHA可靠性分析中的应用

应用GO-FLOW法分析了飞机电静液作动器(EHA)的可靠性。首先在EHA单元功能合理划分的基础上,建立了EHA的GO-FLOW可靠性分析模型,采用布尔代数求解描述反馈环的布尔方程,解决了GO-FLOW图不允许存在循环的难题;其次进行了GO-FLOW运算,得到EHA系统在各时间点的可靠度;再次与GO法的结果比较,验证了GO-FLOW法的可行性和准确性;最后通过MATLAB曲线拟合,得到系统可靠度随时间的变化规律,以便及时对系统进行检修和维护。结果表明GO-FLOW法只需一次运算,就可得到系统在各时间点的可靠度,在减小计算复杂度方面较GO法有优势。     

Experimental characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial

Plasma Synthetic Jet (PSJ) actuators have shown wide and promising application prospects in high-speed flow control, due to their advantages including high exhaust speed, wide frequency band, rapid response, and non-moving components. Although previous studies on PSJ actuators are abundant, most of them have focused on the performance of a single actuator. However, in practice, an actuator array is very necessary for large-scale aerodynamic actuation on account of the small affected area of a single PSJ. In this paper, the characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial are investigated experimentally. Compared to a parallel actuator array, the serial actuator array requires simpler power supply design and is much easier to realize. High-speed photography of the discharge evolution, voltage-current measurement, and shadowgraphy visualization are used in the investigation. Experimental results show that, for the serial actuator array, weak discharges happen firstly between energized and suspending electrodes, and then a strong pulse arc discharge is triggered. The breakdown voltage in serial is irrelevant to such factors as the number of actuators, the maximum or minimum gap in serial, the connection sequence, etc. It is mainly determined by the sum of gaps. For serial actuators with the same anode-to-cathode spacing, the energy deposition is the same, and the jet is synchronous and similar. Because of the entrainment and merging of adjacent jet vortices, the jet front speed of an aligned synchronous jet array increases as the orifice distance decreases. To achieve the highest jet front velocity, the orifice of the actuator has an optimal diameter.     

燃油计量型孔几何正反设计方法研究

针对燃油计量活门特殊型孔的几何型面问题,提出了1种分段分析的设计方法。在已知燃油流量和计量活门位移函数关系的条件下,根据随动活塞和燃油流量的函数关系,利用分段型面设计法进行正向设计,在已知计量活门几何型面的条件下,确定开度与随动活塞位移之间的函数关系,进行反向设计用于计算仿真。结果表明,在计量活门工作范围内,正向设计计算结果与实际数据的最大相对误差小于0.5%,证明正向设计方法具有很高的准确性;通过1组实例对正反向设计进行了相互验证,证明反向设计方法具有工程实用性。     

电动伺服机构永磁同步电机的自抗扰控制

针对运载火箭电动伺服机构谐振频率过低,而传统陷波滤波器算法会降低系统的快速性问题,提出了一种基于自抗扰控制（ADRC）的微分前馈控制算法。在开环等效增益相近的情况下,比较了系统在传统PID控制和一阶ADRC控制方式下的阶跃响应和抗扰性能;对输入正弦指令的情况,比较了系统在比例+扩张状态观测器（ESO）和有限时间比例（FTP）+ESO这两种控制方式下有无输入微分前馈（IDF）的跟踪性能。仿真和实验结果均表明,在常规ADRC中引入IDF,可有效提高电动伺服机构对时变输入的跟踪精度。     

Flight safety oriented ice shape modulation using distributed plasma actuator units

Ice accretion on the wings seriously threatens the flight safety of an aircraft. From the perspectives of ensuring flight safety and saving power consumption, the ice shape modulation method using distributed plasma is proposed. Distributed plasma actuator units are designed to modulate the spanwise continuous ice at the leading edge into periodically segmented ice pieces, forming a wavy leading edge. Both airfoil and scaled aircraft model, with continuous and modulated ice, are experimentally investigated and simulated. Compared with the continuous ice, ice shape modulation can significantly improve the aerodynamic performance, flight control characteristics and flight safety. This method can save about half electric power, which is very beneficial for application.     

某型航天器推力矢量控制伺服机构的设计理论

针对某型航天器对伺服机构的要求,设计了推力矢量控制伺服机构.通过比较液压、气动和电动3种类型伺服机构的特点,选择了电动伺服机构.研究了包括机电作动器设计、驱动控制技术和冗余技术等电动伺服机构的3项关键技术.建立了双冗余电动伺服机构的二自由度动力学模型,对其动态性能进行了仿真研究.理论分析和仿真结果证明:电动伺服机构的方案设计合理可行,不仅满足航天器高可靠性、良好维护性等基本要求,而且满足控制系统的动态性能指标要求.     

一种抗野值自适应滤波算法及在MEMS-SINS/GPS中应用

针对噪声统计特性不准确以及量测信号中出现的野值对滤波的不利影响,提出一种基于Kalman滤波的抗野值自适应滤波算法。该算法通过对估计误差的实时监测来调整渐消因子或进行抗野值计算,使滤波器在统计特性不准确或存在野值干扰的情况下仍为最优估计。将其应用到MEMS-SINS/GPS组合导航系统中,仿真结果表明该算法能有效降低统计特性不准确及野值给系统造成的不利影响。     

带倾角相邻合成射流激励器射流矢量控制研究

基于合成射流激励器全流场计算模型——X-L模型,对带倾角相邻合成射流激励器宏观低速流动进行数值模拟。讨论了主次流幅值比、两激励器相位差、频率、倾斜角等参数对主流偏转角度的影响,并将单激励器与相邻激励器对主流的矢量控制效果进行了对比。结果显示,相邻激励器对主流的控制效果优于单激励器;激励器相位差存在最佳值;倾角改变激励器的最佳频率,对最佳相位差影响不大。     

卫星姿态时延反步容错控制

针对卫星在轨飞行过程中存在执行机构故障及带有常值干扰的控制问题,提出了一种将时延控制(TDC)与反步技术相结合的鲁棒容错控制方法。该方法在继承反步控制优点的同时,引入积分环节用于减小常值干扰引起的稳态误差;同时,利用TDC的逼近能力来补偿执行机构的故障,且对设计者而言,故障信息不需要进行在线的检测和分离,而仅需要一步状态迭代。基于Lyapunov方法从理论上证明了系统的稳定性。最后,将该方法应用于卫星的姿态调节控制,仿真结果表明该控制器能有效地抑制外部干扰、参数不确定性和执行机构故障的约束,在完成姿态调节控制的同时,具有良好的过渡过程品质。