Influence of coupled characteristics on the internally staged combustor under low power operation

An ultra low emissions combustor, namely low emission stirred swirl (LESS) combustor was studied, based on a scheme of internally staged/lean premixed and prevaporized (LPP) combustion. The LESS combustor consists of central pilot stage and outer surrounded coaxially main stage, between which there exists a physical isolation, namely the step height. The existence of step height delayed the pilot and main jets mixing. Experimental and numerical studies were carried out to investigate the influence of the step height on the combustion performance. A single dome rectangular combustor was utilized to conduct the lean lightoff and blowout experiments, and pollutant emission experiments. The experimental results showed that with the increase of step height by 38%, the lean lightoff and blowout fuel air ratio decreased by 574% and 375%, the NOx emission increased by 35.1%, and the combustion efficiency increased by 1.78%; while the CO,unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) emissions decreased. Furthermore, the total pressure loss was kept nearly constant. Non reacting and reacting flow fields were numerically investigated to analyze the coupled characteristics of pilot and main jets with different step heights. A comparison of flow characteristics, spray structure, and combustion component as well as temperature field with different step heights was conducted. The numerical results showed that the increase of the step height shifted the peak velocity outwards. The enlargement of the primary recirculation zone (PRZ) resulted in the increase of the combustion efficiency and NOx emission, while the CO, UHC emissions decreeased.      

SINS/BDS紧组合系统中自适应 两阶段扩展卡尔曼滤波

在实际应用中，以伪距/伪距率为观测量的SINS/BDS紧组合导航系统，存在量测噪声的统计特性与实际不相符的情况，传统扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）方法无法有效解决这一问题，从而引起滤波误差增大。提出了一种SINS/BDS紧组合导航系统的GDOP估算及在线估计量测噪声的自适应两阶段EKF（ATEKF）方法，该方法使用经过紧组合修正后的SINS输出的位置，并结合星历数据中提供的卫星位置求解GDOP。在此基础上，利用GDOP值以及新息，实现了紧组合导航系统的量测噪声方差阵（Rk）的在线实时估计，从而达到自适应滤波的效果，改善导航精度。     

An atmosphere-breathing propulsion system using inductively coupled plasma source

CubeSats have attracted more research interest recently due to their lower cost and shorter production time. A promising technology for CubeSat application is atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion, which can capture the atmospheric particles as propulsion propellant to maintain long-term mission at very low Earth orbit. This paper designs an atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion system for a 3 U CubeSat, which consists of an intake device and an electric thruster based on the inductively coupled plasma. The capture performance of intake device is optimized considering both particles capture efficiency and compression ratio. The plasma source is also analyzed by experiment and simulation. Then, the thrust performance is also estimated when taking into account the intake performance. The results show that it is feasible to use atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion technology for CubeSats to compensate for aerodynamic drag at lower Earth orbit.     

圆弧型指尖密封迟滞特性的数学计算方法

为了预测指尖密封迟滞特性，提出了用能够直观反映指尖密封迟滞特性的最小迟滞量来表征指尖密封的迟滞，建立了指尖密封最小迟滞量计算的数学模型，确定了模型中的修正系数，并进行了试验验证，采用修正后的计算模型研究并获得了结构和工况参数对指尖密封迟滞的影响规律。研究结果表明:采用修正后的模型进行考虑迟滞效应的泄漏特性数值计算与试验结果误差最大为7.64%，最小迟滞量的计算模型合理可靠；指尖密封结构参数对其最小迟滞量影响程度从小到大依次为:指梁型线圆、指梁间隙、指梁根圆、指梁顶圆、指梁基圆、周向角、指尖片厚度。研究结果为进一步开展迟滞对指尖密封泄漏特性影响和指尖密封结构优化设计的研究提供了依据和理论基础。      

基于ADAMS的行星齿轮系刚柔耦合仿真局部缺陷识别

针对行星齿轮系在工作过程中出现的局部缺陷，将引起齿轮啮合异常，并导致冲击异常，其特征频率就会发生变化。现用ADAMS与ANSYS建立行星齿轮系的刚柔耦合模型，通过快速傅里叶变换（FFT）得到其啮合力的频域曲线，并分析无缺陷行星齿轮系的特征频率、行星轮齿局部缺陷的特征频率、太阳轮齿局部缺陷的特征频率。仿真结果与理论值吻合，说明了所建虚拟样机模型可靠，得到无缺陷行星齿轮系的特征频率是265.34Hz，行星轮齿局部缺陷的特征频率是17.67Hz，太阳轮齿局部缺陷的特征频率是36.13Hz，可用于识别行星齿轮系的行星轮或太阳轮局部缺陷。对行星齿轮系振动特性、可靠性的研究具有一定的指导意义。     

不同支承结构下同转/对转中介轴承的刚度特性

中介轴承是耦合双转子航空发动机的关键部件，为了探明中介支承结构特征、装配条件和发动机工况对中介轴承刚度特性的影响，建立了中介圆柱滚子轴承刚度特性分析模型。模型综合考虑了中介支承结构形式、轴承内外环相对旋转方向、内外环配合参数、内外环锁紧螺母拧紧力矩、轴承工作温度、发动机转速、径向载荷和弹性流体动力润滑等方面的影响，分析了某型机中介轴承的径向刚度随各参数的变化规律。结果表明，内外环配合参数和发动机工况对中介轴承的刚度影响较大，设计时应考虑刚度变化对转子系统动力学特性的影响；中介轴承刚度对锁紧螺母的拧紧力矩不敏感。另外，中介轴承刚度同中介支承结构形式及内外环的相对旋转方向密切相关，设计时应结合气动性能和结构动力学的要求合理选取，避免对发动机的可靠性造成不利影响。     

高温环境下硅酸铝纤维的隔热性能

　硅酸铝纤维供应商往往只提供客户硅酸铝纤维在某一温度的热导率,难以指导隔热结构的设计。

本文针对市场上常用的硅酸铝纤维板,设计了隔热性能测试装置,实验获得硅酸铝纤维温度随时间的变化曲

线,并进行了有限元仿真分析。研究表明,硅酸铝纤维隔热效果稳定且具有一定的抗热辐射能力。有限元分析

结果与实验数据基本一致,说明采用有限元分析方法能够支持设计人员较好预测隔热效果。