Shock/shock interactions between bodies and wings

This paper examines the Shock/Shock Interactions (SSI) between the body and wing of aircraft in supersonic flows. The body is simplified to a flat wedge and the wing is assumed to be a sharp wing. The theoretical spatial dimension reduction method, which transforms the 3D problem into a 2D one, is used to analyze the SSI between the body and wing. The temperature and pressure behind the Mach stem induced by the wing and body are obtained, and the wave configurations in the corner are determined. Numerical validations are conducted by solving the inviscid Euler equations in 3D with a Non-oscillatory and Non-free-parameters Dissipative (NND) finite difference scheme. Good agreements between the theoretical and numerical results are obtained. Additionally, the effects of the wedge angle and sweep angle on wave configurations and flow field are considered numerically and theoretically. The influences of wedge angle are significant, whereas the effects of sweep angle on wave configurations are negligible. This paper provides useful information for the design and thermal protection of aircraft in supersonic and hypersonic flows.     

不同机翼优化构型的轻质F4模型气动特性实验研究

采用光固化快速成型技术(SL)加工基于气动/结构耦合分析的六套不同机翼优化构型的轻质F4模型,在0.6m跨超声速风洞完成了马赫数0.6~0.85范围内的气动力测量试验.试验结果表明,采用气动/结构耦合优化设计的代号为6#的轻质F4模型升力特性与国外结果较接近,与机翼三维变形的事实吻合,验证了采用的气动/结构耦合优化设计方法基本可行,为探索模型静气动弹性风洞试验数据修正方法提供了参考.     

不同机翼优化构型的轻质F4模型气动特性实验研究

采用光固化快速成型技术（SL）加工基于气动/结构耦合分析的六套不同机翼优化构型的轻质F4模型,在0.6m跨超声速风洞完成了马赫数0.6-0.85范围内的气动力测量试验。试验结果表明,采用气动/结构耦合优化设计的代号为6#的轻质F4模型升力特性与国外结果较接近,与机翼三维变形的事实吻合,验证了采用的气动/结构耦合优化设计方法基本可行,为探索模型静气动弹性风洞试验数据修正方法提供了参考。     

复杂几何细节对增升装置气动性能影响研究

 采用数值模拟的方法研究了主翼翼根几何形状、翼吊发动机短舱、缝翼滑轨及襟翼滑轨舱等几何细节对增升装置气动性能的影响。研究结果表明:切割前缘缝翼时,将大部分翼根整流包留在主翼上会在大迎角下产生低能量的分离涡,造成增升装置气动性能显著恶化,而将大部分翼根整流包切割到前缘缝翼上,能破坏低能量分离涡的产生;大迎角下,短舱上表面、挂架表面及缝翼与挂架之间的间隙产生的分离气流会直接流到主翼上表面,形成大范围的死水区,因此,大尺寸的翼吊发动机短舱会造成增升装置失速迎角及最大升力系数的大幅减小,但安装在短舱适当位置、适当形状的涡流片产生的强漩涡能消除大部分的死水区,挽回部分气动性能损失;缝翼滑轨产生的低能量尾迹会混入主翼附面层,使其能量降低造成升力系数减小,极端情况下缝翼滑轨会直接诱发大范围的流动分离,造成增升装置气动性能的显著恶化;襟翼滑轨舱因其较大的几何尺寸会减小襟翼缝道的面积使得襟翼缝道射流加速,有利于吹走襟翼表面的物面分离。     

技术状态的现实管理

文章提出技术状态现实管理的概念,认为应借助AVIDM平台实现对技术通知单、更改单、现场处理单等涉及设计、制造、装调、测试、试验等产品实现过程技术状态变化的技术文件进行实时、透明管理,鼓励型号研制人员充分使用包括更改单等反映技术状态变化的设计工具,准确记录产品状态及其变化全过程。     

肼电弧喷射推力器工作方式可替换性数值研究

在正确理解电弧喷射推力器工作过程物理机理的基础上建立了其简化的物理模型,并基于此物理模型利用耦合电磁源项的N-S方程组来表达其数学模型,对相同结构尺寸的低功率肼电弧喷射推力器加电弧和不加电弧时的工作性能进行了比较计算.采用二阶精度无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式(NND格式)和显式时间推进法求出数值解.计算结果给出了有电弧和无电弧时推力器的流场结构,预计了不同工作方式及不同工作条件下推力器的推力和比冲,证实了推力器工作方式的可替换性.      

高升阻比乘波体外形设计及气动特性计算研究

采用数值模拟方法研究在设计点(马赫数6,迎角0°)锥导乘波体气动外形的设计方法及其基本气动特性,以及在非设计点时该乘波体的气动特性,即各个气动系数随迎角和马赫数的变化特性.研究表明:基于无粘锥形流的乘波体气动外形的反设计方法是成功的;在设计点附近选取合适的半基准圆锥激波角并考虑粘性影响时,可得到乘波体最大升阻比为3.36;给出了采用这一布局的单级入轨运载器的可行的飞行控制方案;分析提出了进一步提高该乘波体气动布局升阻比的有效途径.      

鸭式飞机矢量喷流对大迎角气动特性的影响

针对单发鸭式布局飞机，通过低速风洞试验，研究了矢量喷流对飞机大迎角气动力的影响特性。研究结果表明：发动机喷口直径变大使得飞机大迎角升力和阻力系数增加，并产生低头力矩系数。喷流使得飞机大迎角升力和阻力系数明显增加，并产生低头力矩系数；大喷口状态喷流影响比小喷口状态高50%左右。发动机喷管上/下偏转时，矢量喷流对飞机上下表面气流诱导不对称，喷管上偏减小升力和阻力系数、产生抬头力矩系数，喷管下偏增加升力和阻力系数、产生低头力矩系数，且喷管下偏影响明显比上偏大。在此基础上，基于数值模拟结果对喷流与飞机主流的相互作用机理进行了分析。     

“九树十行”问题的几种栽法

本文从高等几何的Ｐａｐｐｕｓ定量入手，探讨了“把九棵树栽成十行，并使每行拾有三棵树”这样一个趣味问题的几种栽法。     

Aerodynamic configuration integration design of hypersonic cruise aircraft with inward-turning inlets

In this work,a novel airframe/propulsion integration design method of the wing-body configuration for hypersonic cruise aircraft is proposed,where the configuration is integrated with inward-turning inlets.With the help of this method,the major design concern of balancing the aerodynamic performance against the requirements for efficient propulsion can be well addressed.A novel geometric parametrically modelling method based on a combination of patched class and shape transition (CST) and COONs surface is proposed to represent the configuration,especially a complex configuration with an irregular inlet lip shape.The modelling method enlarges the design space of components on the premise of guaranteeing the configuration integrity via special constraints imposed on the interface across adjacent surfaces.A basic flow inside a cone shaped by a dual-inflection-point generatrix is optimized to generate the inward-turning inlet with improvements of both compression efficiency and flow uniformity.The performance improvement mechanism of this basic flow is the compression velocity variation induced by the variation of the generatrix slope along the flow path.At the design point,numerical simulation results show that the lift-to-drag ratio of the configuration is as high as 5.2 and the inlet works well with a high level of compression efficiency and flow uniformity.The design result also has a good performance on off-design conditions.The achievement of all the design targets turns out that the integration design method proposed in this paper is efficient and practical.