Effect of condensation agents and minerals for oligopeptide formation under mild and hydrothermal conditions in related to chemical evolution of proteins

The role of condensation agents and minerals for oligopeptide formation was inspected to see whether minerals possess catalytic activity under mild and hydrothermal conditions. Under mild conditions, oligopeptide formation from negatively charged amino acids (Asp and Glu) using different minerals and the elongation of alanine oligopeptides ((Ala)₂–(Ala)₅) were attempted using apatite minerals. Oligo(Asp) up to 10 amino acid units from Asp were observed in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide (EDC). Notable influence of minerals was not detected for the oligo(Asp) formation. Oligo(Asp) was gradually degraded by the further incubation in the presence of EDC in both the absence and presence of minerals. The formation of oligo(Glu) was less efficient in the presence of carbonyldiimidazole. The elongation from (Ala)₃, (Ala)₄, and (Ala)₅ and the formation of diketopiperazine from (Ala)₂ proceeded immediately in the presence of EDC in the meantime of the sample preparations. In addition, it was unexpected that the disappearance of the products and the reformation of the reactants occurred by the further incubation for 24 h; for instance, (Ala)₅ decreased but (Ala)₄ increased with increasing the reaction time in the reaction of (Ala)₄ with EDC. These facts suggest that the activation of the reactant amino acids or peptides immediately occurs. Under the simulated hydrothermal conditions, EDC did not enhance the formation of oligopeptides from Asp, Glu or Ala nor the spontaneous formation of (Ala)₅ from (Ala)₄.     

国外固体推进剂含能粘合剂的新发展

介绍了当前国际上含能粘合剂研究发展的新动向。新的含能粘合剂主要有叠氮粘合剂和硝酸酯粘合剂两大类。其中ＧＡＰ叠氮粘合剂及其推进剂是目前各国研究的热点。     

高分子溶液理论在固体推进剂中的应用

简要介绍了高分子溶液理论，进行了一些数学上的推导，并且结合增塑剂研究、键合剂设计及交联网络参数表征等方面的工作，论述了高分子溶液理论在固体推进剂领域中的应用。     

煤粉热解研究的激波管技术

为开拓激波管技术在煤粉热解研究中的应用,对一座激波管实体的系统、运行原理、煤粉撒播及热解气体的回收和分析技术等作了介绍。在激波管装置上共作了八种典型煤的热解实验。文中报导了一种典型国产煤在1700K 热解温度下,逸出的十种碳氢化合物和其它气体的产量数据,与澳大利亚类似煤种的结果基本吻合。     

热分析法研究ADN与推进剂组分的相互作用及相容性

用高压差示扫描量热法( PDSC),研究了ADN(二硝酰胺铵)与推进剂的粘合剂、固化剂、增塑剂和高能填料的相互作用及相容性。结果表明,ADN与PEG、TDI和HDI二元混合物的分解温度比ADN的分解峰温低16.3~26.9℃,混合体系相互作用危险,相容性差;ADN与NG-BTTN、TEGDN、Bu-NENA和HMX二元混合物的分解温度略高于ADN的分解峰温0.5~7.5℃,对应混合物的分解温度比NG-BTTN、TEGDN、Bu-NENA和HMX的分解温度低5.9~14.4℃,混合体系的相互作用较为敏感;ADN与GAP、PBT、PET、IPDI、N-100、NG、TMETN、BDNPA-F和Al二元混合物的分解温度与各单组分分解温度差小于2℃,上述组分相容。     

An updated model of atomic oxygen redline dayglow emission

A comprehensive model is developed using the updated rate coefficients and transition probabilities to study the redline dayglow emission of atomic oxygen. The solar EUV fluxes are obtained from the Solar Irradiance Platform (SIP), and incorporated into the model successfully. All possible production and loss mechanisms of O(¹D) are considered in the model. The neutral number densities and temperature are adopted from the NRLMSISE-00 model. The ion and electron densities, and electron temperature are adopted from the IRI-07 model. The model results are validated with the help of measurements as provided by the Wind Imaging Interferometer (WINDII) on board Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). The present results are found in better agreement with the measurements in comparison with the earlier model. The measured volume emission rate profiles are reproduced quite well by the present model. The model results show that the updated rate coefficients and transition probabilities are quite consistent and may be used in the aeronomical studies.     

端炔基环氧乙烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚合成及固化

为改善传统的复合推进剂端羟基黏合剂-异氰酸酯固化体系对水敏感的缺点,对端羟基聚醚黏合剂进行端基改性,将羟基转变为丙炔基,并利用点击化学原理,与多叠氮化合物组成新的推进剂黏合剂固化体系。以分子量约为4000的环氧乙烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚(PET4000)为原料,对其进行端炔基化,得到分子量约4000的端炔基PET共聚醚(C≡PET4000),在特定催化剂的作用下,与官能度为3.8的某叠氮类固化剂组成固化体系,制备不同催化剂含量和固化参数的胶片,研究了其力学性能。结果表明,端炔基聚醚-叠氮固化剂的黏合剂体系与传统的羟基黏合剂-异氰酸酯固化体系的力学性能相似。     

表界面化学原理在复合固体推进剂中的应用

从表界面化学基本原理出发,进行一些数理上的推导,探寻出复合固体推进剂各组份表面张力及极性分量的测试方法,并对各种组份间的界面张力和界面粘附功进行了估算,从而对固体推进剂药浆流变性能和药柱的力学性能进行了预估,同时为界面改性研究和功能助剂研究提供了理论依据。     

大型民机复合材料整体油箱表面防护分析与设计

基于腐蚀环境和防护要求,对民机整体油箱腐蚀产生的原因进行了分析,并以此为基础,结合复合材料结构特点,阐述复合材料整体油箱材料相容性、结构防腐蚀表面处理要求和油箱积液控制的设计方案。