基于DFFD技术的翼型气动优化设计

开展了直接操作自由变形（DFFD）技术在翼型参数化及翼型气动外形优化设计中的应用研究,应用该方法可以对翼型形状进行直接操纵和精细的局部修型,从而在一定程度上克服了自由变形（FFD）技术无法直接指定几何外形变形量的局限性。通过最小二乘模式根据翼型表面直接操作点的位移求解各个FFD控制点相应的位移,将翼型设计参数从FFD控制点转化为翼型表面的直接操作点,从而有效地减少了高阶FFD控制体进行翼型参数化时的设计参数个数。算例表明,相比于FFD方法,DFFD方法不仅具备直接操纵翼型几何外形的能力,更具物理直观性,并且比FFD方法具有更好的局部变形特性。运用该技术结合遗传算法对RAE2822翼型进行了气动减阻设计,显著减小了设计状态下翼型的阻力,并且可以有效施加如前后梁位置翼型厚度等工程实用的几何约束,证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于人工神经网络的反射器型面精度预测

基于人工神经网络的预测方法,利用数量适当的有限元计算结果,建立人工神经网络模型,对反射器型面进行精度预测分析,得到在最小型面精度结果下的结构设计参数。计算结果显示训练好的神经网络模型能够较精确地预测格栅反射器的型面精度,节省计算时间,并且以型面精度最小为准则进行参数分析,能够指导反射器的结构设计。     

δ0.05mm薄钢带力学性能测试方法研究

研究了拉伸速率、试样类型、试样表面状态对δ0.05mm薄钢带力学性能测试的影响,通过数据对比,结果表明：拉伸速率对薄钢带的力学性能测试结果影响并不大,而试样的类型和试样的表面状态对力学性能测试结果有很大的影响;表面无缺陷的哑铃型试样可以满足检测要求,提高钢带检验一次合格率。     

多巴胺表面改性反应时间对镀银玻璃微球及导电硅橡胶性能的影响

利用聚多巴胺(PDA)优异的黏结性能对镀银玻璃微球(SiO_2/Ag)进行表面改性,在不影响导电硅橡胶的导电性的前提下,提高导电硅橡胶的力学性能。结果表面,PDA改性能够提高SiO_2/Ag在硅橡胶中的分散性,控制反应时间能够实现PDA层厚度可控,从而实现导电硅橡胶导电性可控。改性反应时间为8 h时,SiO_2/Ag填充的导电硅橡胶的Payne效应,损耗角正切(tanδ),正硫化时间(T90),静态接触角达到最小,拉伸强度最大,电学性能符合应用标准。     

利于翼型优化设计的超临界翼型参数化方法

为减少超临界翼型优化中的设计变量,消除优化结果的不光顺现象、保证C₂连续,在优化过程中控制翼型几何特性的变化范围,设计出了由4条首尾相接的有理Bézier曲线表示的超临界翼型的翼型参数化方法,该方法对翼型数据的参数化过程中主要运用了Bézier曲线拟合算法与SPSA(Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation)优化算法,并在Bézier曲线拟合算法中使用了有别于常用方法的数据点参数选择方法.将这种超临界翼型参数化方法与优化算法结合便可实现翼型优化设计,其中的设计变量为21个,优化结果不仅光顺且满足C₂条件,通过设定设计变量变化范围便可控制相应的翼型前缘半径、上下弦最高最低点的位置与曲率、尾部契角等几何特征.      

Performance evaluation of creep feed grinding of γ-TiAl intermetallics with electroplated diamond wheels

This paper evaluates the performance of creep feed grinding γ-TiAl intermetallic (Ti-45Al-2Mn-2Nb) using electroplated diamond wheels. Firstly, a comparative analysis with the grinding results by using electroplated CBN wheels was conducted, mainly involving abrasive wheel wear behavior and maximum material removal rate below surface burn limit. It was found that the diamond wheel would produce much better grinding results including lower wheel wear rate and higher maximum material removal rate. Then the surface integrity obtained at different level of material removal rate was characterized with the utilization of the diamond wheel. The poor ductility of this γ-TiAl intermetallic material was found to have a marginal effect on the surface integrity, as no severe surface defects such as material pullout were generated during the stable wheel wear stage. For the involved operating parameters, a deformation layer was produced with ∼10 μm or more in thickness depending on the material removal rate used. Meanwhile, a work-hardened layer extending to more than 100 μm was produced with a maximum microhardness of above 520 HV_0.05 (bulk value 360 HV_0.05). The residual stress remained compressive, with a value of above −100 MPa and even up to −500 MPa for an elevated material removal rate. Shearing chip was the main chip type, indicating good wheel sharpness in the grinding process.     

Anhydrous based shear-thickening polishing of KDP crystal

Based on the special physical–chemical characteristics of optical crystal in the field of aeronautics, a new anhydrous based shear-thickening polishing (ASTP) method has been proposed to restrain deliquescence and to improve physical properties for KDP machining. The ultra-precision polishing of KDP crystal is completed by ASTP. A kind of anhydrous based thickening polishing slurry (ATPS) was proposed in our work, and high-performance rheological properties were determined to achieve the ASTP of KDP crystal. A material removal model of ASTP in KDP machining is established, followed by the verification experiment of the prediction model. The maximum error of the predictive model is only 9.8%, which proves the validity of the material removal model for KDP polishing. The polishing experiments were carried out on the polishing platform developed by ourselves. The results show that the new polishing method can polish 20 mm × 20 mm × 5 mm KDP crystal and obtain a super-smooth surface with a surface roughness of 1.37 nm and high shape accuracy. The surface accuracy of polished KDP crystal reaches up to 0.68λ (RMS). The experimental results show that the ASTP is a potential ultra-precision machining method for KDP crystal.     

航天器浮动电位的初步分析

为了研究表面充电引起的浮动电位情况,我们采用等效电容的方法分析了近赤道低轨道高度条件下航天器的等效电容及充电时间问题,初步总结了浮动电位对航天器可能产生的影响。根据计算结果可以认为在低轨道等离子体环境中航天器会达到浮动电位的平衡状态。
     

旋转条件下切割SiC 单晶片实验研究

通过旋转条件下切割SiC单晶片,分析了切片表面微观形貌特点,研究了线锯速度、工件进给速度和工件转速对切片表面粗糙度与切向锯切力的影响规律。结果表明:增加工件旋转,切片表面平整光滑,沿线锯运动方向没有明显沟槽及凸起,质量明显得到改善;当转速由0增加到12 r/min时,切片表面粗糙度由1.532μm降到0.513μm;线锯速度和工件旋转速度增大、工件进给速度减小,切向锯切力减小,表面粗糙度减小。当线锯速度和工件旋转速度过大,切向锯切力和表面粗糙度反而会有所增加。     

基于特征的逆向工程数据分析

在CAD/CAM领域逆向工程是一门新兴的技术,对其进行初步研究,提出了在逆向工程中,零件特征数据的提取过程思路,以及实现初步建模的分析想法。