盘绕式伸展机构非线性屈曲模式的试验研究与数值仿真

针对盘绕式伸展机构在轨工作的特点,对其在不同钢丝绳预紧力和机构高度下的非线性屈曲模式和屈曲载荷开展了相关的试验研究。根据其几何非线性特点,采用弧长法对试验状态下结构的非线性屈曲模式进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明：(1)数值仿真计算得到的屈曲模式和屈曲载荷与试验结果一致;(2)伸展机构的屈曲模式与钢丝绳预紧力和机构高度密切相关,处于张紧状态的钢丝绳可显著提高伸展机构的轴压、弯曲承载能力。分析结果也为其他同类机构的设计和试验提供了参考依据。     

一种基于切换控制律的机器人双边遥操作方法

针对变时延下多自由度机器人在任务空间的遥操作问题,为在保证时延稳定性的同时提高其透明性和跟踪性,在一种比例微分+阻尼的任务空间双边控制器基础上,加入变增益切换控制律。结合性能需求,为不同操作模式设计合适的控制增益。在切换律中引入临界模态,保证系统在碰撞发生时切换控制的稳定性。利用李雅普诺夫理论证明系统在各模态下以及切换过程中的稳定性。通过对一个典型任务的仿真,校验该方法的有效性;同时,几组对比仿真试验也展示了该方法在稳定性和操作性上的优势。     

基于二维不确定性量化分析的射流换向阀切换性能研究

真实情况中,射流换向阀的边界参数呈现明显的不确定性,由于主流和控制流压强是影响射流换向阀切换性能的重要因素,因此其不确定性将导致切换性能产生明显的波动。本文采用不确定量化分析方法中的PCM（Probabilistic Collocation Method）方法,研究了主流和控制流压强的不确定性对射流换向阀切换性能的耦合影响,获得了一维和二维不确定度下的切换性能不确定度带。研究结果显示,主流或控制流压强的不确定性均使得射流换向阀切换性能产生明显的波动;其中控制流压强的不确定性对其影响尤为突出;当存在二维不确定性时,射流换向阀的切换性能将出现更大幅度的波动,最大波动幅度达29%。     

物伞系统空间运动模式分析

以物伞回收系统为背景,通过理论建模和数值仿真的方法,得出物伞回收系统两种基本空间运动模式（平面摆动和圆锥运动）,分析了其产生原因。利用空投录像验证了文章分析结果,其结论可为工程设计部门提供重要理论参考。     

空间飞行体地心坐标与大地坐标的快速精确转换

在空间任一点的子午面内 ,建立该点到地球子午椭圆的法线方程 ,以法线与子午椭圆交点的地心坐标为参数 ,导出大地高程和大地纬度的近似算法和严密算法。近似算法十分简单 ,使用有三角函数的手持计算器就可以完成计算。对于高度低于 360 0 0km的任何空间点 ,大地高h和大地纬度B的精度分别优于 31m和 0 1 7°。以近似算法的中间结果为初值 ,可将大地坐标的解算转化为一个二元一次方程组 ,解算非常简单 ,用PC在瞬间即可完成一批空间点的计算并可获得与真值完全相同的大地坐标 ,这为空间飞行体坐标的实时快速计算 ,提供了新的技术支持     

新型单模光纤模场直径测试系统

介绍了一种新型的单模光纤模场直径测试系统,它采用国际推荐的基准测试方法－远场扫描法,具有测量精度高、速度快、抗干扰能力强和操作简单的特点,既可用于实验室中,也适合在工厂环境下使用,能够替代同类进口产品。     

Structural topology optimization under stationary random base acceleration excitations

Structural topology optimization subjected to stationary random base acceleration excitations is investigated in this paper. In the random response analysis, the Large Mass Method(LMM) which attributes artificial large mass values at each driven nodal Degree Of Freedom(DOF) to transforming the base acceleration excitations into force excitations is proposed. The Complete Quadratic Combination(CQC) which is commonly used to calculate the random responses in previous optimization has been proven to be computationally expensive especially for large-scale problems. In order to conquer this difficulty, the Pseudo Excitation Method(PEM) and the combined method of PEM and Mode Acceleration Method(MAM) are adopted into the dynamic topology optimization, and random responses are calculated using these two methods to ascertain a high efficiency over the CQC. A density-based topology optimization method minimizing dynamic responses is then formulated based on the integration of LMM and PEM or the combined method of PEM and MAM. Numerical examples are presented to verify the accuracy of the proposed schemes in dynamic response analysis and the quality of the optimized design in improving dynamic performance.     

Thermal behavior of an isolator with mode transition inducing back-pressure of a dual-mode scramjet

Combustion mode transition is a valuable and challenging research area in dual-mode scramjet engines. The thermal behavior of an isolator with mode transition inducing back-pressure is investigated by direct-connect dual-mode scramjet experiments and theoretical analysis. Combustion experiments are conducted under the incoming airflow conditions of total temperature 1270 K and Mach 2. A small increment of the fuel equivalence ratio is scheduled to trigger mode transition. Correspondingly, the variation of the coolant flow rate is very small. Based on the mea-sured wall pressures, the heat-transfer model can quantify the thermal state variation of the engine with active cooling. Compared with the combustor, mode transition has a greater effect on the iso-lator thermal behavior, and it significantly changes the isolator heat-flux and wall temperature. To further study the isolator thermal behavior from flight Mach 4 to Mach 7, a theoretical analysis is carried out. Around the critical point of combustion mode transition, sudden changes of the isola-tor flowfield and thermal state are discussed.     

Neural network-based sliding mode control for atmospheric-actuated spacecraft formation using switching strategy

This paper presents an adaptive neural networks-based control method for spacecraft formation with coupled translational and rotational dynamics using only aerodynamic forces. It is assumed that each spacecraft is equipped with several large flat plates. A coupled orbit-attitude dynamic model is considered based on the specific configuration of atmospheric-based actuators. For this model, a neural network-based adaptive sliding mode controller is implemented, accounting for system uncertainties and external perturbations. To avoid invalidation of the neural networks destroying stability of the system, a switching control strategy is proposed which combines an adaptive neural networks controller dominating in its active region and an adaptive sliding mode controller outside the neural active region. An optimal process is developed to determine the control commands for the plates system. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based method. Comparative results through numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of executing attitude control while maintaining the relative motion, and higher control accuracy can be achieved by using the proposed neural-based switching control scheme than using only adaptive sliding mode controller.     

基于宇航用译码器开关时间特性研究

宇航用译码器在满足其基本译码功能正常的基础上，在复杂电气环境使用中，译码器要保证其开关时间参数传输延迟时间及输出转换时间满足使用要求。在复杂电气环境条件下即不同负载以及不同输入电压情况下，对器件各输出引脚的开关时间参数进行了测试，测试结果表明被测试器件传输延迟时间最大值为2.1214μs，输出高低电平转换时间最大值分别为1.6769μs与8.1214μs，被验证器件的开关时间特性参数随输入电压的增加而减小，随负载电容的变大而延长。该开关时间特性的研究为产品设计在复杂电气环境条件下对器件的使用，提供有效的趋势判断与数据支撑。